Northern Sámi

anánas/ˈaˌnaː.nas/ "pineapple"Afrihkká/ˈafˌrihː.kaː/ "Africa"Amerihkká/ˈa.meˌrihː.kaː/ "America"spesialisēret/ˈspe.si.a.li.ˌseː.reh(t)/ "to specialise"teoretisēret/ˈte.o.re.ti.ˌseː.reh(t)/ "to theorise"administrašuvdna/ˈat.mi.ni.stra.ˌʃuvː.tna/ "administration"Beginning with ⟨h⟩Non-gradating odd nouns originate from Proto-Samic nouns ending in a vowel. They have the same stem in all forms, with no gradation, although the last consonant(s) may be modified word-finally in the nominative singular.Gradating odd nouns originate from Proto-Samic nouns ending in a consonant. They have consonant gradation, where the weak grade appears in the nominative and essive singular, and the strong grade appears in the remaining forms. The vowels i and u change to á and o respectively in the last syllable of the strong-grade stem, caused by a former Proto-Samic *ë in the endings. The stem-final consonants -g, -m and -n disappear in the weak-grade forms, so that the essive ending is attached directly to the preceding vowel.In the strong-grade forms, the last-syllable vowel is modified as in gradating odd nouns. However, the stem-final consonant has been lost, causing c