Empress Ma (Hongwu)

ClanMa (馬)FatherLord Ma, Prince of Xu (徐王 馬公)MotherZheng Ao, Consort of Prince of Xu (徐王夫人 鄭媼)

Empress Xiaocigao (Chinese: 孝慈高皇后, 18 July 1332 – 23 September 1382), commonly known as Empress Ma (馬皇后), was an imperial consort of the Ming dynasty. She was the principal wife of the Hongwu Emperor and acted as his adviser in politics, exerting a large amount of influence during his reign.