Bandy

Bandy is a winter sport and ball sport played by two teams wearing ice skates on a large ice surface (either indoors or outdoors) while using sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal. Bandy is sometimes considered the predecessor of ice hockey, both sports belonging to a family of sports called hockey.

The playing surface, called a bandy field or bandy rink, is a sheet of ice which measures 90–110 metres (300–360 ft) by 45–65 metres (148–213 ft), about the size of a football pitch. The field is considerably larger than the ice rinks commonly used for ice hockey.

The sport has a common background with association football, ice hockey, shinty, and field hockey. Bandy's origins are debatable, but its first rules were organized and published in England in 1882.

Internationally, bandy's strongest nations in both men's and women's competitions have long been Sweden and Russia; both countries have established professional men's bandy leagues. In Russia, it is estimated that more than one million people play bandy. The sport also has organized league play and fans in other countries, including Finland, Norway, and Kazakhstan. The premier international bandy competition for men is the Bandy World Championship and for women it is the Women's Bandy World Championship.

Organized bandy started in the late 19th century; however, until 1955, there was no established international governing body for the sport. Since February 1955, the sport is governed by the Federation of International Bandy (FIB). In 2001, bandy was recognized as a sport by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Both traditional eleven-a-side bandy and rink bandy (which is played on a smaller rink) are recognized by the IOC. During the 2025-26 season, short bandy was approved by the FIB as an official discipline. Based on the number of participating athletes, the FIB has claimed bandy is the world's second-most participated winter sport after ice hockey.