Events

January–March

January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1458 BC – Hatshepsut dies at the age of 50 and is buried in the Valley of the Kings. * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the R ...

–

Francesco Morosini Francesco Morosini (26 February 1619 – 16 January 1694) was the Doge of Venice from 1688 to 1694, at the height of the Great Turkish War. He was one of the many Doges and generals produced by the Venetian noble Morosini family.Encyclopæd ...

, the

Doge of Venice The Doge of Venice ( ) – in Italian, was the doge or highest role of authority within the Republic of Venice (697–1797). The word derives from the Latin , meaning 'leader', and Venetian Italian dialect for 'duke', highest official of the ...

since 1688, dies after ruling the Republic for more than five years and a few months after an unsuccessful attempt to capture the island of Negropont from the Ottoman Empire during the

Morean War The Morean war (), also known as the Sixth Ottoman–Venetian War, was fought between 1684–1699 as part of the wider conflict known as the "Great Turkish War", between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire. Military operations ranged ...

. *

January 18 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later. * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail. * 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the C ...

– Sir James Montgomery of Scotland, who had been arrested on January 11 for conspiracy to restore King James to the throne, escapes and flees to France. *

January 21 Events Pre-1600 * 763 – Following the Battle of Bakhamra between Alids and Abbasids near Kufa, the Alid rebellion ends with the death of Ibrahim, brother of Isa ibn Musa. * 1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is founded wh ...

(January 11 O.S.) – The Kiev Academy, now the national university of

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

, receives official recognition by Tsar

Ivan V of Russia Ivan V Alekseyevich (; – ) was Tsar of all Russia between 1682 and 1696, jointly ruling with his younger half-brother Peter I. Ivan was the youngest son of Alexis I of Russia by his first wife, Maria Miloslavskaya, while Peter was t ...

. *

January 28 Events Pre-1600 *AD 98, 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accessi ...

– '' Pirro e Demetrio'', an opera by

Alessandro Scarlatti Pietro Alessandro Gaspare Scarlatti (2 May 1660 – 22 October 1725) was an Italian Baroque music, Baroque composer, known especially for his operas and chamber cantatas. He is considered the most important representative of the Neapolitan sch ...

, is given its first performance, debuting at the Teatro San Bartolomeo in Naples. The opera is adapted in 1708 in London as Pyrrhus and Demetrius and becomes the second most popular opera in 18th century London. *

January 29 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher. * 946 – Caliph al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Mu'izz al-Dawla, ruler ...

– French missionary Jean-Baptiste Labat arrives in the "New World", landing at the Caribbean island of

Martinique Martinique ( ; or ; Kalinago language, Kalinago: or ) is an island in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, in the eastern Caribbean Sea. It was previously known as Iguanacaera which translates to iguana island in Carib language, Kariʼn ...

. *

February 5 Events Pre-1600 * *2 BC – Caesar Augustus is granted the title ''pater patriae'' by the Roman Senate. *AD 62, 62 – AD 62 Pompeii earthquake, Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy. *756 – Chinese New Year; An Lushan proclaims himself E ...

– The ship ''

Ridderschap van Holland ''Ridderschap van Holland'' (Dutch - "Knighthood of Holland") is a name that has been held by various Dutch naval and merchant ships, including: * ''Ridderschap van Holland'', Dutch naval ship, 64/66 guns, Vice-Admiral Johan de Liefde's flagship ...

'' is lost at sea, having departed the

Cape of Good Hope The Cape of Good Hope ( ) is a rocky headland on the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula in South Africa. A List of common misconceptions#Geography, common misconception is that the Cape of Good Hope is the southern tip of Afri ...

with a crew of 300, with a destination of Batavia (now Jakarta in Indonesia), normally a voyage of two months. It never arrives and is never seen again. *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Hormizd IV, king of the Sasanian Empire, is overthrown and blinded by his brothers-in-law Vistahm and Vinduyih. * 1579 – The Diocese of Manila is erected by papal bull, with Domingo de Salazar appointe ...

– The colony of ''

Quilombo dos Palmares Palmares, or Quilombo dos Palmares, was a ''quilombo'', a community of escaped slaves and others, in colonial Brazil that developed from 1605 until its suppression in 1694. It was located in the captaincy of Pernambuco, in what is today the Bra ...

'', created by rebel African slaves in

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

, is destroyed by the

bandeirantes ''Bandeirantes'' (; ; singular: ''bandeirante'') were settlers in colonial Brazil who participated in expeditions to expand the colony's borders and subjugate Indigenous peoples in Brazil, indigenous peoples during the early modern period. T ...

, colonial troops under the command of

Domingos Jorge Velho Domingos Jorge Velho (c. 1641–1705) was a Portuguese bandeirante. He was born in Santana de Parnaíba, captaincy of São Paulo, to Francisco Jorge Velho and Francisca Gonçalves de Camargo. He was responsible for the repression of severa ...

. After a successful attack on its capital,

Cerca do Macaco Cerca do Macaco, also called "Cerca Real dos Macacos" or just "Macaco", was an historical settlement located on the peak of the Serra da Barriga in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. It was the main settlement of the Palmares (quilombo), Palmares, an ...

, the last King of Dos Palmares,

Zumbi Zumbi ( – November 20, 1695), also known as Zumbi dos Palmares (), was a Brazilian quilombola leader and one of the pioneers of resistance to enslavement of Africans by the Portuguese in colonial Brazil. He was also the last of the kings of ...

, flees after a reign of more than 13 years, but is later captured and executed. *

February 26 Events Pre-1600 * 747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events. * 320 – Chandragupta ...

– Silvestro Valier is elected as the new

to replace the late

March 1 Events Pre-1600 * 509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocleti ...

– The HMS ''Sussex'' treasure fleet of thirteen ships is wrecked in the Mediterranean off

Gibraltar Gibraltar ( , ) is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory and British overseas cities, city located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Bay of Gibraltar, near the exit of the Mediterranean Sea into the A ...

, with the loss of approximately 1,200 lives. *

March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem '' Shahnameh''. * 1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between ...

– The

Casa da Moeda do Brasil The Casa da Moeda do Brasil is the Brazilian mint (coin), mint, owned by the Brazilian government and administratively subordinated to the Ministry of Finances. It was established in 1694. Its current headquarters and industrial facilities occupy ...

is formed by

Peter II of Portugal '' Dom'' Pedro II (Peter II; 26 April 1648 – 9 December 1706), nicknamed the Pacific (''Português:'' O Pacífico) was King of Portugal from 1683 until his death, previously serving as regent for his brother Afonso VI from 1668 until his own ...

April–June

April 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St ...

– Sheikh Yusuf, exiled by the administrators of the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), arrives at the

Dutch Cape Colony The Cape of Good Hope () was a Dutch United East India Company (VOC) supplystation in Southern Africa, centered on the Cape of Good Hope, from where it derived its name. The original supply station and the successive states that the area was ...

on the ship ''De Voetboog'', at what is now

Cape Town Cape Town is the legislature, legislative capital city, capital of South Africa. It is the country's oldest city and the seat of the Parliament of South Africa. Cape Town is the country's List of municipalities in South Africa, second-largest ...

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...

, along with two wives, two concubines and 12 children. Resettled by the colonial government at a farm in Zandvliet, the Sheikh introduces

Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...

. *

April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First '' Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Em ...

– The English Navy's 40-gun warship, HMS ''Ruby'', captures the French

privateer A privateer is a private person or vessel which engages in commerce raiding under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign o ...

'' Entreprenant'' in battle. The confiscated ship is renamed HMS ''Ruby Prize''. *

April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...

– The French ship ''Diligente'', commanded by

René Duguay-Trouin René Trouin, Sieur du Gué, also known as René Duguay-Trouin (; 10 June 1673 – 27 September 1736), was a French Navy officer and privateer best known for his service in the War of the Spanish Succession. Successful in his military care ...

, covers the escape of a convoy of ships that he is escorting, but then is surrounded and attacked by six Royal Navy ships led by David Mitchell. Most of the ''Diligente'' crew is lost in the battle, and Duguay-Trouin is captured. *

April 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Henry V, King of Germany, is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. * 1455 – Thirteen Years' War: ...

– The largest volcanic eruption of

Mount Vesuvius Mount Vesuvius ( ) is a Somma volcano, somma–stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes forming the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuv ...

since 1631 takes place, with lava flows towards both

San Giorgio a Cremano San Giorgio a Cremano is a ''city'' in the Metropolitan City of Naples, in Italy. It is located on the foothills of Mount Vesuvius to the west of the volcano and the Tyrrhenian sea, and is five kilometres to the south east of the centre of Naples ...

and

Torre del Greco Torre del Greco (; ; "Greek man's Tower") is a ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Naples in Italy, with a population of c. 85,000 . The locals are sometimes called ''Corallini'' because of the once plentiful coral in the nearby sea, and becaus ...

, after explosions in the crater that began April 5. Around April 20, ash falls are experienced as far away as

Calabria Calabria is a Regions of Italy, region in Southern Italy. It is a peninsula bordered by the region Basilicata to the north, the Ionian Sea to the east, the Strait of Messina to the southwest, which separates it from Sicily, and the Tyrrhenian S ...

. *

April 27 Events Pre-1600 * 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the '' ludi saeculares''. * 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes ...

– Frederick Augustus of Wettin, later known as "Augustus the Strong" and the future King of Poland, becomes the new

Elector of Saxony The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony ( or ), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356 to 1806 initially centred on Wittenberg that came to include areas around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz. It was a ...

upon the death of his 25-year-old older brother, John George IV *

May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &nda ...

– Taking advantage of a fog, the French Army, with 24,000 troops, fights the Battle of Torroella against an equally large Spanish Army force on the banks of the Ter in Spain, near the city of

Girona Girona (; ) is the capital city of the Province of Girona in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 106,476 in 2024, but the p ...

during the

Nine Years' War The Nine Years' War was a European great power conflict from 1688 to 1697 between Kingdom of France, France and the Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg), Grand Alliance. Although largely concentrated in Europe, fighting spread to colonial poss ...

. The Spaniards suffer 3,000 casualties, while the French sustain 500. *

June 22 Events Pre-1600 *217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. *168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Roman Republic, Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus, Luciu ...

– An annular

solar eclipse A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs approximately every six months, during the eclipse season i ...

is visible across North America and the Atlantic Ocean. *

June 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa. * 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...

– The Tunisian–Algerian War begins as Algerian troops cross into Tunisia. *

June 29 Events Pre-1600 * 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of Wei. * 1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi. * 1170 – A major earthquake hits Syria, badly damagi ...

– The

Battle of Texel The naval Battle of Texel or Battle of Kijkduin took place off the western coast of the island of Texel on 21 August 1673 (11 August O.S.) between the Dutch and the combined English and French fleets. It was the last major battle of the T ...

is fought near the Dutch island of

Texel Texel (; Texels dialect: ) is a municipality and an island with a population of 13,643 in North Holland, Netherlands. It is the largest and most populated island of the West Frisian Islands in the Wadden Sea. The island is situated north of Den ...

, one of the

West Frisian Islands The West Frisian Islands (, ; ) are a chain of islands in the North Sea off the Dutch coast, along the edge of the Wadden Sea. They continue further east as the German East Frisian Islands and are part of the Frisian Islands. From west to eas ...

. The French Navy force of 8 ships, commanded by

Jean Bart Jean Bart (; ; 21 October 1650 – 27 April 1702) was a Flemish naval commander and privateer. Early life Jean Bart was born in Dunkirk in 1650 to a seafaring family, the son of Jean-Cornil Bart (c. 1619–1668) who has been described various ...

, locates and rescues three French ships that had been captured by the

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. It was a predecessor state of the present-day Netherlands ...

in late May. Bart fights a larger force commanded by Hidde Sjoerds de Vries, who dies of his wounds after being captured.

July–September

July 27 Events Pre-1600 *1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. This is known as the Battle of Dunsinane. *1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives a ...

– The

Bank of England The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the Kingdom of England, English Government's banker and debt manager, and still one ...

is founded through

Royal charter A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but ...

by the Whig-dominated

Parliament of England The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England from the 13th century until 1707 when it was replaced by the Parliament of Great Britain. Parliament evolved from the Great Council of England, great council of Lords Spi ...

, following a proposal by Scottish merchant William Paterson to raise capital, by offering safe and steady returns of interest guaranteed by future taxes. A total of £1.2 million is raised for the war effort against

Louis XIV of France LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reign ...

by the end of the year, to establish the first-ever

government debt A country's gross government debt (also called public debt or sovereign debt) is the financial liabilities of the government sector. Changes in government debt over time reflect primarily borrowing due to past government deficits. A deficit occu ...

. *

August 6 Events Pre-1600 *686 – The Ummayad forces suffer a deceisive defeat against the pro-Alid forces under Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar in the battle of Khazir. *1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria (1284), Battle o ...

– The coronation of Sultan Husayn of the

Safavid dynasty The Safavid dynasty (; , ) was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from Safavid Iran, 1501 to 1736. Their rule is often considered the beginning of History of Iran, modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder em ...

as the Shah of Persia takes place in

Isfahan Isfahan or Esfahan ( ) is a city in the Central District (Isfahan County), Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. It is the capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is located south of Tehran. The city ...

, eight days after the death of his father Suleiman I. *

August 24 Events Pre-1600 * 367 – Gratian, son of Roman Emperor Valentinian I, is named co-Augustus at the age of eight by his father. * 394 – The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom, the latest known inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs, is written ...

– The

Dictionnaire de l'Académie française The (; English: Dictionary of the French academy) is a French language dictionary published by the . The is an institution tasked with establishing rules for the use of the French language, the compilation of a dictionary being one of its prima ...

, the first official dictionary of the French language, is presented by Jacques de Tourreil and Academy members on behalf of the

Académie française An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the go ...

King Louis XIV LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any monar ...

. * September 5 – The

Great Fire of Warwick The Great Fire of Warwick was a major conflagration that swept through the small town of Warwick, England, beginning at 2:00 p.m. on 5 September 1694 and lasting for six hours. The fire started from a stray spark from the blacksmith located ...

breaks out in England and destroys half the town. Donors raise £110,000 toward disaster relief, with Queen Anne contributing £1,000."Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p. 46 *

September 8 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – After the capture of Herod's Palace the previous day, a Roman army under Titus secures and plunders the city of Jerusalem. * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path ...

– The 1694 Irpinia–Basilicata earthquake causes widespread severe damage and over 6,000 deaths in the Kingdom of Naples. *

September 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. * 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teut ...

– A hurricane hits Carlisle Bay, Barbados, sinking 27 British ships and resulting in 3,000 casualties.

October–December

* October 19 – A major windstorm begins and continues for several days, spreading the Culbin Sands over a large area of farmland in the

Scottish Highlands The Highlands (; , ) is a historical region of Scotland. Culturally, the Highlands and the Scottish Lowlands, Lowlands diverged from the Late Middle Ages into the modern period, when Scots language, Lowland Scots language replaced Scottish Gae ...

in the

County of Moray The County of Moray, ( ) or Morayshire, called Elginshire until 1919, is a historic county in Scotland. The county town was Elgin. The historic county ceased to be used for local government purposes in 1975. Since 1996 most of the historic ...

and burying the now-abandoned village of Culbin. * October 23 – British/American colonial forces, led by Sir William Phips, fail to seize Quebec from the French. * October 25 – Queen Mary II of England founds the Royal Hospital for Seamen at Greenwich. * November 12 – The Army of Deylik of Algiers, Algeria captures Tunis, the capital of Ottoman Tunisia, Tunisia, after a siege of Tunis (1694), siege of three months, bringing an end to the Tunisian–Algerian War. Mohamed Bey El Mouradi, the List of beys of Tunis, Bey of Tunis, flees southward while Prince Muhammad ben Cheker of Tunisia becomes the new Dey on behalf of the List of governors and rulers of the Regency of Algiers, Dey of Algiers, Hadj Ahmed. * December 3 – The

passes the Triennial Act, requiring general elections every three years. * December 6 – Thomas Tenison is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury. * December 16 – A total

is visible across South America.

Date unknown

* The Lao people, Lao empire of Lan Xang unofficially ends. * The notorious voyage of the English slave ship ''Hannibal (slave ship), Hannibal'' (part of the Atlantic slave trade out of Benin) ends with the death of nearly half of the 692 slaves aboard. * Rascians establish the settlement which will become Novi Sad on the Danube. * The Parker Tavern is built in Reading, Massachusetts.

Births

Elisha Williams fourth Rector of Yale College 1726 to 1735

January–March

* January 1 – Abdallah of Morocco, Sultan of Morocco (d. 1757) * January 3 – Paul of the Cross, Italian mystic (d. 1775) * January 5 – Theophilus Siegfried Bayer, German sinologst (d. 1738) * January 6 – Melchor Chyliński, Polish presbyter (d. 1741) * January 12 ** Oluf Blach, Danish merchant (d. 1767) ** Johann Heinrich Callenberg, German theologian (d. 1760) * January 25 – Simon Henry Adolph, Count of Lippe-Detmold (d. 1734) *

– Peter Collinson (botanist), Peter Collinson, botanist (d. 1768) * February 1 – Giuseppe Spinelli, Catholic cardinal (d. 1763) * February 4 – Georg Gottlob Richter, German philosopher and physician (d. 1773) * February 11 – Henrietta Harley, Countess of Oxford and Countess Mortimer, English noblewoman (d. 1755) * February 18 – Johann Christoph Handke, Czech painter (d. 1774) * February 21 – Richard Waldron (Secretary), Richard Waldron, Colonial New Hampshire businessman and politician (d. 1753) * February 24 – Bartolomeo Altomonte, Austrian artist (d. 1783) * March 11 – Elizabeth Tollet, British poet (d. 1754) * March 15 – Friedrich Michael Ziegenhagen, English clergyman with German connection (d. 1776) * March 21 – Daniel Scott (lexicographer), Daniel Scott, British lexicographer (d. 1759) * March 24 ** Giuseppe Bernardi, Italian sculptor (d. 1774) ** Thomas Bullock (priest), Thomas Bullock, Anglican dean (d. 1760) * March 25 – Christian Otto of Limburg, Reigning count of Limburg-Styrum-Styrum (d. 1749)

April–June

* April 3 – George Edwards (naturalist), George Edwards, English naturalist and ornithologist (d. 1773) * April 14 – Maximilien-Henri de Horion (d. 1759) * April 25 – Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, English architect (d. 1753) * April 30 – William Pitkin, Governor of the Connecticut Colony (d. 1769) * May 7 – Pierre-Jean Mariette, French art historian (d. 1774) * May 8 – Étienne Lauréault de Foncemagne, French writer (d. 1779) * May 10 – Michael Harvey (died 1748), Michael Harvey, British Member of Parliament (d. 1748) * May 11 ** Princess Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein, Czech noblewoman (d. 1772) ** Hieronymus Florentinus Quehl, German composer (d. 1739) * May 22 – Daniel Gran, Austrian painter (d. 1757) * June 3 – Scawen Kenrick, English clergyman (d. 1753) * June 4 – François Quesnay, French economist (d. 1774) * June 6 – Francis Wollaston (scientist), Francis Wollaston, English scientist (d. 1774) * June 9 – Price Devereux, 10th Viscount Hereford, British politician (d. 1748) * June 11 – Thomas Willoughby (MP), Thomas Willoughby, British politician (d. 1742) * June 18 – Karl Heinrich von Hoym, German diplomat, statesman and politician (d. 1736) * June 19 – Jean-André Peyssonnel, French physician (d. 1759) * June 20 – Hans Adolph Brorson, Danish bishop (d. 1764) * June 23 – Stamp Brooksbank, MP and Governor of the Bank of England (d. 1756) *

– Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui, Genevan legal and political theorist (d. 1748) * June 26 – Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (d. 1768) * June 27 – John Michael Rysbrack, Flemish sculptor (d. 1770) *

– Maria Josepha of Dietrichstein, German noblewoman, member of the House of Dietrichstein; by marriage Countess and later Princess Kinsky of Wchinitz und Tettau (d. 1758)

July–September

* July 4 ** Claudio Francesco Beaumont, Italian painter (d. 1766) ** Louis-Claude Daquin, French composer (d. 1772) * July 11 – Charles-Antoine Coypel, French painter, art commentator, and playwright (d. 1752) * July 12 – Duchess Gustave Caroline of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, German noble (d. 1748) * July 16 – Marcus Beresford, 1st Earl of Tyrone, Irish politician (d. 1763) * July 18 ** Alexander Buturlin, Russian general and courtier (d. 1767) ** Margarete von Leiningen-Westerburg-Neuleiningen (d. 1761) * August 1 – Michael Davies (priest), Michael Davies, priest (d. 1779) * August 3 – Marc-Antoine-Nicolas de Croismare, French dilettante (d. 1772) * August 4 – Étienne-François Avisse, French playwright (d. 1747) * August 5 – Leonardo Leo, Italian composer (d. 1744) * August 8 – Francis Hutcheson (philosopher), Francis Hutcheson, Scottish philosopher (d. 1746) * August 10 – John Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Gower, British politician (d. 1754) * August 11 – Giorgio Baffo, Venetian senator and poet (d. 1768) * August 14 ** James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Clanbrassil (second creation), James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Clanbrassil, Member of the Parliament of Great Britain (d. 1758) ** Henry Howard, 4th Earl of Carlisle, English noble and politician (d. 1758) * August 16 – Réginald Outhier, French astronomer and priest (d. 1774) * August 19 – Elizabeth Compton, Countess of Northampton, British noble (d. 1741) * August 20 ** Stephanus Versluys, Dutch colonial governor (d. 1736) ** Christiane Charlotte of Württemberg-Winnental, German noble (d. 1729) * August 23 – Johann Georg Schmidt (engraver), Johann Georg Schmidt, engraver from Germany (d. 1767) * August 25 ** Theodore of Corsica, German noble (d. 1756) ** Hongxi (prince), Hongxi, prince (d. 1742) * August 26 – Elisha Williams, American rector of Yale College (d. 1755) * August 27 – Henry Osborn (Royal Navy officer), Henry Osborn, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1771) * August 28 – Charlotte Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Grand Duchess of Russia (d. 1715) * September 6 – Johann Daniel Schöpflin, German historian (d. 1771) * September 7 – Johan Ludvig Holstein, Danish politician (d. 1763) * September 9 – John Vanderbank, British artist (d. 1739) * September 12 – Johan von Mangelsen, Norwegian businessman and general (d. 1769) * September 13 – Yeongjo of Joseon, 21st King of Joseon Dynasty in Korean history (d. 1776) * September 18 – Jacques-Ignace de La Touche, painter (d. 1781) * September 22 – Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, British statesman and man of letters (d. 1773) * September 25 – Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1754) * September 26 – Martin Schmid, Swiss composer and architect (d. 1772)

October–December

* October 4 ** George Murray (general), George Murray, Scottish Jacobite general (d. 1760) ** Tsarevna Praskovya Ivanovna of Russia, daughter of Tsar Ivan V of Russia (d. 1731) * October 9 – Marquard Herrgott, German Benedictine historian and diplomat (d. 1762) * October 14 – Jacob Bouverie, 1st Viscount Folkestone, British politician (d. 1761) * October 15 ** Archibald Douglas, 1st Duke of Douglas, Scottish nobleman (d. 1761) ** William Knollys (Banbury MP), William Knollys, English politician from Oxfordshire (d. 1740) * October 18 – René Louis de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson, French statesman (d. 1757) * October 24 – Humphrey Sydenham (1694–1757), Humphrey Sydenham, British politician (d. 1757) * October 26 ** Sir George Oxenden, 5th Baronet, English politician (d. 1775) ** Johan Helmich Roman, Swedish Baroque composer (d. 1758) * October 27 – Simon Pelloutier, German historian (d. 1757) * November 2 – Count Palatine Joseph Charles of Sulzbach, Heir apparent of Neuburg, Sulzbach and the Palatinate (d. 1729) * November 3 ** John May (shipwright), John May, English shipwright (d. 1779) ** William Mackworth Praed, British politician (d. 1752) * November 5 – Ricardo Wall, Irish-born soldier, diplomat and minister in the Spanish service (d. 1777) * November 12 – Augustine Washington, British-American planter, slave owner, and the father of George Washington (d. 1743) * November 16 – Isabella Simons, banker in the Austrian Netherlands (d. 1756) * November 21 – Voltaire, French writer, historian, and philosopher (d. 1778) * November 23 – Charlotte Daneau de Muy, Canadian historian (d. 1759) * November 26 – Louis de Boissy, French writer (d. 1758) * November 29 – Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, German prince and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Köthen (d. 1728) * December 2 – William Shirley, British governor of Massachusetts and then of the Bahamas (d. 1771) * December 10 – Vittorio Francesco, Marquis of Susa, Prince of Savoy (d. 1762) * December 11 – Johann Michael von Loën, German author (d. 1776) * December 20 – Andrew Johnston (New Jersey politician), Andrew Johnston, American politician (d. 1762) * December 22 – Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher and writer (d. 1768) * December 24 ** Louisa Berkeley, Countess of Berkeley, British noble (d. 1716) ** Christfried Kirch, German astronomer (d. 1740)

Deaths

Caballero del chambergo Nicolas de Villacis

January–March

* January 2 – Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington, English politician and Earl (b. 1652) * January 7 – Charles Gerard, 1st Earl of Macclesfield, English aristocrat and soldier (b. c. 1618) * January 8 – Thomas Strickland (Cavalier), Thomas Strickland, English royalist soldier (b. 1621) * January 10 – Andrew Balfour (botanist), Andrew Balfour, British doctor and botanist (b. 1630) *

** John Lamotte Honywood, English Member of Parliament (b. 1647) **

, Doge of Venice from 1688 to 1694 (b. 1619) * January 17 ** Anselm de Guibours, Augustinian friar and genealogist (b. 1625) ** Francis Sandford (herald), Francis Sandford, English herald (b. 1630) * January 19 – François Marie, Prince of Lillebonne, French nobleman and member of the House of Lorraine (b. 1624) * January 25 – William Dolben (judge), William Dolben, English judge (b. 1627) * January 31 – Henry Northleigh, English Member of Parliament (b. 1643) * February 1 – John Louis of Elderen, Bishop of Liege (b. 1620) * February 4 ** Leonhard Baldner, French naturalist (b. 1612) ** Natalya Naryshkina, Tsaritsa of Russia (b. 1651) * February 8 – Domenico Santi, Italian painter (b. 1621) * February 9 – Anne-Marie Bigot de Cornuel, French salon-holder (b. 1605) * February 17 – Antoinette du Ligier de la Garde Deshoulières, French writer, poet (b. 1638) * February 19 ** Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, Polish noble (b. 1640) ** Gennaro Sanfelice, Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1622) ** Francis Wheler, Royal Navy officer (b. 1656) * February 21 – Simon Abeles, Jewish youth in Prague whose father was accused of murdering him “out of hatred for the Christian faith” (b. 1682) * February 23 – Sir Thomas Samwell, 1st Baronet, English politician (b. 1650) * February 25 – Gilles Hallet, Flemish Baroque painter (b. 1620) *

– Charles Scarborough, English physician and natural philosopher (b. 1615) * March 5 – Vittoria della Rovere, Italian noble (b. 1622) * March 10 – Paul Fréart de Chantelou, art collector (b. 1609) * March 11 – Jean-Nicolas Geoffroy, French harpsichordist and composer (b. 1633) * March 12 – John Conant, English theologian, clergyman, and academic administrator (b. 1608) * March 15 – Cresheld Draper, English politician (b. 1646) * March 24 – Peter Colleton, English politician (b. 1635) * March 25 – Greenvile Collins, English hydrographer (b. 1643) * March 26 – Arthur Stanhope, English politician (b. 1627)

April–June

* April 5 – Diego Ibáñez de la Madrid y Bustamente, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1649) * April 8 – Nicolás de Villacis, Spanish painter (b. 1616) * April 9 – Angelo Berardi, Italian composer and music theorist (b. 1630) * April 10 – Catharina Regina von Greiffenberg, Austrian writer and noble (b. 1633) *

– John Swinfen, English politician (b. 1613) *

– José de Jesús María Fajardo, Spanish Roman Catholic prelate; Bishop of Alghero (b. 1643) * April 14 – Magdalena Sibylla of Neidschutz, German countess (b. 1675) * April 16 – Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé, French noblewoman (b. 1628) * April 17 – François IV de Beauharnais, French nobleman (b. 1636) * April 18 – William Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton in the Peerage of Scotland (b. 1634) * April 20 ** Giovanni Carlo Antonelli, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Ferentino (b. 1612) ** Johann Balthasar Lauterbach, German architect and mathematician (b. 1663) *

– John George IV, Elector of Saxony, German noble (b. 1668) * May 1 – Maria Elisabeth Lämmerhirt, Mother of Johann Sebastian Bach (b. 1644) * May 2 – Martin Desjardins, French sculptor (b. 1637) * May 4 – Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1660) * May 17 – Johann Michael Bach, German composer (b. 1648) * May 20 – Robert Spencer, 1st Viscount Teviot, Member of the Parliament of England (b. 1629) * May 24 – Anthony Cary, 5th Viscount Falkland, English politician (b. 1656) *

– Thomas Hervey (landowner), Thomas Hervey, politician of Ickworth, Suffolk (b. 1625) * June 2 ** Sir Thomas Skipwith, 1st Baronet, Member of the English Parliament (b. 1620) ** Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke de Osuna, Spanish duke (b. 1625) * June 8 – Pieter van der Willigen, Dutch painter (b. 1634) * June 17 ** Louis Chein, French composer (b. 1637) ** Philip Howard (cardinal), Philip Howard, English Catholic Cardinal (b. 1629) *

– Thomas Tollemache, English general (b. 1651) * June 27 – François Louis, Count of Harcourt, French count (b. 1627) * June 28 – Francisco Spinola, Roman Catholic clergyman (b. 1654) * June 30 – Pieter Claesen Wyckoff, American farmer and landowner (b. 1625)

July–September

* July 1 ** Philippe Goibaut, French translator (b. 1626) ** Justin McCarthy, Viscount Mountcashel, General in the Williamite War in Ireland (b. 1638) ** Peter Christoffersen Tønder, Norwegian government official (b. 1641) * July 6 – Francesco Beretta, Italian composer (b. 1640) * July 11 – Philip Christoph von Königsmarck, Swedish count of Brandenburgian extraction and a soldier (b. 1665) * July 12 – Juan de Santiago y León Garabito, Spanish Catholic prelate, Bishop of Guadalajara and Bishop of Puerto Rico (b. 1641) * July 19 – René Ouvrard, French composer (b. 1624) * July 21 – Jacob Jensen Jersin, Danish-Norwegian theologian, priest, bishop of the Diocese of Christianssand (b. 1633) * July 25 ** Robert Fleming the elder, Scottish Presbyterian Minister, died 1694 (b. 1630) ** Hishikawa Moronobu, Japanese painter and printmaker (b. 1618) *

– George Pitt (died 1694), George Pitt, English politician (b. 1625) * July 28 – William Lowther (1668–1694), William Lowther, English Member of Parliament (b. 1668) * July 29 – Suleiman I of Persia, Shah of Persia from 1666 to 1694 (b. 1647) * August 1 ** Jean-Claude Rambot, 17th century French sculptor and architect in Aix-en-Provence (b. 1618) ** John Michael Wright, portrait painter (b. 1617) * August 5 ** Mareen Duvall, American settler (b. 1625) ** Mogens Skeel, Danish playwright (b. 1651) *

– Gabriel de la Corte, Spanish painter (b. 1648) * August 8 – Antoine Arnauld, French theologian, philosopher, mathematician (b. 1612) * August 21 – Tommaso Saladini, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1647) * August 22 ** Samuel Aboab, rabbi (b. 1610) ** Maria Sofia De la Gardie, Swedish countess and industrialist (b. 1627) ** Bernard of Offida, Italian saint (b. 1604) * August 28 – Francesco Antonio Picchiatti, Italian architect (b. 1617) * August 29 – Sir Richard Everard, 2nd Baronet, English politician (b. 1625) * August 30 – Louis de Crevant, Duke of Humières, Marshal of France (b. 1628) * September 3 – Jean Barbier d'Aucour, French lawyer to the parliament of Paris, ardent Jansenist and satirist (b. 1641) * September 6 – Francesco II d'Este, Duke of Modena, Italian noble (b. 1660) * September 7 – Andrija Zmajević, Serbian poet (b. 1624) * September 10 – Thomas Lloyd (lieutenant governor), Thomas Lloyd, Lieutenant-governor of provincial Pennsylvania and Quaker preacher (b. 1640) * September 14 ** Princess Sophie Auguste of Anhalt-Zerbst (b. 1663) ** Jonathan Cope (MP for Stafford), Jonathan Cope, English politician; (b. 1664) ** Thomas Savage, 3rd Earl Rivers, English Earl (b. 1628) * September 22 – Henry Neville (writer), Henry Neville, English politician (b. 1620) * September 24 – Jean Garet, French monk (b. 1627) *

– Giuseppe Colombi, musician, composer (b. 1635) * September 28 – Gabriel Mouton, French abbot and scientist (b. 1619) * September 29 ** Leopold Louis, Count Palatine of Veldenz, German noble (b. 1625) ** Katarzyna Sobieska, Polish noble (b. 1634)

October–December

* October 6 – Sugiyama Waichi, Japanese acupuncturist (b. 1610) * October 9 – Jean-Louis Bergeret, French lawyer (b. 1641) * October 12 ** Charles Boyle, 3rd Viscount Dungarvan, British politician (b. 1639) ** Delphin Strungk, German composer (b. 1601) * October 13 – Johann Christoph Pezel, German violinist, trumpeter and composer (b. 1639) * October 18 – Pierre Ango, French Catholic priest and scientist (b. 1640) * October 19 – Pierre Menault, French composer (b. 1642) * October 20 – Christian II, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg (b. 1653) * October 26 – Samuel von Pufendorf, German philosopher (b. 1632) * October 27 – Gevherhan Sultan (daughter of Ibrahim), Gevherhan Sultan, Daughter of Ottoman Sultan Ibrahim I (b. 1642) * October 30 ** Francis Fenwick, English monk (b. 1645) ** Raimondo del Pozzo, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Vieste (b. 1622) * November 7 – Jacques de Claeuw, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. 1623) * November 14 – Christian III Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg, German duke (b. 1680) * November 16 – Jacques-Théodore de Bryas, clergyman from the Low Countries, bishop of Saint-Omer and archbishop of Cambrai (b. 1631) * November 22 – John Tillotson, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1630) * November 23 ** Vicente de Gonzaga y Doria, Viceroy of Valencia, 1663, Viceroy of Catalonia, 1664–1667 and Viceroy of Sicily 1679 (b. 1602) ** Jean Talon, first Intendant of New France (b. 1626) * November 25 – Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer (b. 1605) * November 28 – Matsuo Bashō, Japanese poet (b. 1644) * November 29 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician (b. 1628) * December 2 – Pierre Puget, French painter, sculptor, architect and engineer (b. 1620) * December 4 ** Bernardin Gigault de Bellefonds, Marshal of France (b. 1630) ** Jean-Baptiste Boisot, French abbot, bibliophile and scholar (b. 1638) * December 5 – William Beecher (died 1694), William Beecher, English politician (b. 1628) * December 7 – Tiberio Fiorilli, Italian-born actor (b. 1608) * December 9 – Paolo Segneri, Italian Jesuit (b. 1624) * December 11 – Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma from 1646 until his death (b. 1630) * December 12 – Filippo Lauri, Italian painter (b. 1623) * December 20 – Erasmus Finx, German polymath (b. 1627) * December 24 – Giovanni Paolo Meniconi, Catholic bishop (b. 1629) * December 26 – Francis Cuffe (died 1694), Francis Cuffe, politician (b. 1654) * December 27 – Henrik Span, naval officer in the Dutch (b. 1634) * December 28 ** Henry Arundell, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour, English Baron (b. 1607) ** Queen Mary II of England, Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland (b. 1662) * ''date unknown'' – Hafız Post, Turkish musician (b. c. 1630)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1694 1694,