''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

family

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllaceae is a family of flowering plants that contains the bean-caper and caltrop. The family includes around 285 species in 22 genera. Plants in the family Zygophyllaceae may be trees, shrubs, or herbs. They are often found in dry habit ...

. The generic name is derived from the

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "

leaf A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the plant stem, stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leav ...

". It refers to the leaves, each of which have two leaflets. The genus is distributed in

arid Aridity is the condition of geographical regions which make up approximately 43% of total global available land area, characterized by low annual precipitation, increased temperatures, and limited water availability.Perez-Aguilar, L. Y., Plata ...

and

semi-arid A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a aridity, dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below Evapotranspiration#Potential evapotranspiration, potential evapotranspiration, but not as l ...

regions of

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

, the Mediterranean Basin,

central Asia Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Pers ...

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

, and North and South America.

Molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

analysis suggested that as previously

circumscribed In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to ''circumscribe'' the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be ''inscribed'' in the circle. * Circum ...

, ''Zygophyllum'' was not

monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...

, and the genus was split among a number of other genera, including '' Augea'', ''

Fagonia ''Fagonia'' is a genus of wild, flowering plants in the caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae, having about 34 species. The latest reorganization of the genus took place in 2018 when systematists Christenhusz & Byng, Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew (UK) in ...

'', ''

Roepera ''Roepera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Zygophyllaceae, subfamily Zygophylloideae. It is native to Australia and south-western Africa, from Angola to South Africa. Description Species of ''Roepera'' are shrubs, subshrubs or herb ...

'' and ''

Tetraena ''Tetraena'' is a possible genus of flowering plants in the family Zygophyllaceae, subfamily Zygophylloideae. , Plants of the World Online and the World Flora Online accepted it as a synonym of ''Zygophyllum''. Description Species formerly place ...

''. ,

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...

accepted only ''Roepera'' of these genera, regarding ''Augea'', ''Fagonia'' and ''Tetraena'' as synonyms of ''Zygophyllum''.

Species

, Plants of the World Online accepted 117 species (including those other sources place in ''Augea'', ''Fagonia'' and ''Tetraena''): *'' Zygophyllum acerosum'' (Boiss.) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum aegyptium ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Hosny *''

Zygophyllum album ''Zygophyllum album'' (synonym ''Tetraena alba'') is a species of plant in the family Zygophyllaceae which is found in arid regions of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It is a salt tolerant plant and dominates many of the plant communities in wh ...

'' L.f. *''

Zygophyllum applanatum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Van Zyl *''

Zygophyllum arabicum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (L.) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum atriplicoides ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. *'' Zygophyllum augea'' Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum balchaschense'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum betpakdalense'' Golosk. & Semiotr. *'' Zygophyllum borissovae'' Beier & Thulin *'' Zygophyllum brachypterum'' Kar. & Kir. *''

Zygophyllum bruguieri ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (DC.) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum bucharicum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' B.Fedtsch. *'' Zygophyllum californicum'' (Benth.) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum charoides ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Chiov.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum chilense'' (Hook. & Arn.) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum chrysopteron ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Retief *''

Zygophyllum clavatum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Schltr. & Diels *''

Zygophyllum coccineum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' L. *''

Zygophyllum cornutum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Coss. *''

Zygophyllum creticum ''Fagonia cretica'' is a species of plant in the caltrop family (Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllaceae is a family of flowering plants that contains the bean-caper and caltrop. The family includes around 285 species in 22 genera. Plants in the fam ...

'' (L.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum cuspidatum'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum cylindrifolium'' Schinz *'' Zygophyllum darvasicum'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum decumbens'' Delile *''

Zygophyllum densispinum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum densum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (I.M.Johnst.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum dregeanum'' Sond. *'' Zygophyllum dumosum'' Boiss. *'' Zygophyllum eichwaldii'' C.A.Mey. *''

Zygophyllum fabago ''Zygophyllum fabago'' is a species of plant known by the common name Syrian bean-caper. It is considered a noxious weed of economic importance in much of the western United States. It is native to Asia and East Europe (Russia and Ukraine) and So ...

'' L. *'' Zygophyllum fabagoides'' Popov *''

Zygophyllum fontanesii ''Zygophyllum fontanesii'', synonym ''Tetraena fontanesii'', is a species of plant of the family Zygophyllaceae. It is found in Macaronesia and northwest Africa. Description This halophile and xerophile A xerophile () is an extremophilic organi ...

'' Webb & Berthel. *'' Zygophyllum furcatum'' C.A.Mey. *'' Zygophyllum gaetulum'' Emb. & Maire *'' Zygophyllum geslinii'' Coss. *'' Zygophyllum giessii'' Merxm. & A.Schreib. *''

Zygophyllum glutinosum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Delile) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum gobicum'' Maxim. *'' Zygophyllum gontscharovii'' Boriss. *''

Zygophyllum gypsophilum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum hadramauticum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum hamiense'' Schweinf. *''

Zygophyllum harpago ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Emb. & Maire) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum heterocladum'' Rech.f. & Patzak *'' Zygophyllum iliense'' Popov *''

Zygophyllum indicum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Burm.f.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum jaxarticum'' Popov *''

Zygophyllum kansuense ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Y.X.Liou *'' Zygophyllum karatavicum'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum kaschgaricum'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum kegense'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum kopalense'' Boriss. *''

Zygophyllum laeve ''Fagonia laevis'', the California fagonbush, is a species of plant in the Zygophyllaceae, the caltrop family. It is a perennial subshrub of the southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico desert regions in California, southern Nevada, Ari ...

'' (Standl.) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum lahovarii ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Volkens & Schweinf.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum latistipulatum'' (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum lehmannianum'' Bunge *'' Zygophyllum loczyi'' Kanitz *'' Zygophyllum longicapsulare'' Schinz *'' Zygophyllum longistipulatum'' Schinz *'' Zygophyllum luntii'' (Baker) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum macropodum'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum madagascariense'' (Baill.) Stauffer *'' Zygophyllum madecassum'' H.Perrier *'' Zygophyllum mahranum'' (Beier) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum mandavillei'' Hadidi *'' Zygophyllum mayanum'' (Schltdl.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum melongena'' Bunge *'' Zygophyllum microcarpum'' Licht. ex Cham. *'' Zygophyllum migiurtinorum'' Chiov. *'' Zygophyllum miniatum'' Cham. *'' Zygophyllum minutistipulum'' (Engl.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum molle'' (Delile) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum mongolicum'' (Maxim.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum mucronatum'' Maxim. *'' Zygophyllum neglectum'' Grubov *'' Zygophyllum obliquum'' Popov *'' Zygophyllum olivieri'' (DC.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum orientale'' (C.Presl) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum ovigerum'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Bunge *'' Zygophyllum oxianum'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum oxycarpum'' Popov *'' Zygophyllum pachyacanthum'' (Rydb.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum palmeri'' (Vasey & Rose) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum pamiricum'' Grubov *'' Zygophyllum paulayanum'' (J.Wagner & Vierh.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum pinnatum'' Cham. *'' Zygophyllum potaninii'' Maxim. *'' Zygophyllum prismaticum'' Chiov. *'' Zygophyllum prismatocarpum'' Sond. *''

Zygophyllum procumbens ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Adamson *'' Zygophyllum propinquum'' Decne. *'' Zygophyllum pterocarpum'' Bunge *'' Zygophyllum pterocaule'' Van Zyl *'' Zygophyllum qatarense'' Hadidi *'' Zygophyllum retrofractum'' Thunb. *''

Zygophyllum rigidum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' Schinz *'' Zygophyllum rosowii'' Bunge *'' Zygophyllum scabrum'' (Forssk.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum scoparium'' (Brandegee) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum simplex'' L. *'' Zygophyllum sinkiangense'' Y.X.Liou *'' Zygophyllum smithii'' Hadidi *'' Zygophyllum somalense'' Hadidi *'' Zygophyllum spinosissimum'' (Blatt. & Hallb.) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum stapffii ''Zygophyllum stapffii'', synonym ''Tetraena stapffii'', (Afrikaans: ''daalderplant'', English: ''dollar bush'') is a species of flowering bush endemic to Namibia. , the specific epithet was sometimes spelt with a single ''f'', i.e. ''stapfii'', ...

'' Schinz *'' Zygophyllum steropterum'' Schrenk *'' Zygophyllum subinerme'' (Boiss.) Christenh. & Byng *'' Zygophyllum subtrijugum'' C.A.Mey. *'' Zygophyllum sulcatum'' Huysst. *'' Zygophyllum taldykurganicum'' Boriss. *'' Zygophyllum tenue'' R.Glover *'' Zygophyllum trialatum'' Blatt. & Hallb. *'' Zygophyllum turcomanicum'' Fisch. ex Boiss. *'' Zygophyllum villosum'' (D.M.Porter) Christenh. & Byng *''

Zygophyllum xanthoxylum ''Zygophyllum'' is the type genus of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ζυγόν (''zygon''), meaning "double", and φυλλον (''phyllon''), meaning "leaf". It refers to the leaves, ...

'' (Bunge) Maxim. *'' Zygophyllum zilloides'' (Humbert) Christenh. & Byng

References

External links

{{Authority control Zygophyllales genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxa described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus