"''Zuun Langiin Joroo Luus''" () is a
Mongolian folk song
Folk music is a music genre that includes #Traditional folk music, traditional folk music and the Contemporary folk music, contemporary genre that evolved from the former during the 20th-century folk revival. Some types of folk music may be ca ...
that was the
national anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and European ...
of the
Bogd Khanate of Mongolia
The Bogd Khanate of Mongolia was a country in Outer Mongolia between 1911 and 1915 and again from 1921 to 1924. By the spring of 1911, some prominent Mongol nobles including Prince Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren persuaded the Bogd Khan, Jebstundamb ...
. After the establishment of Mongolia in 1911, Bogd Khan chose this song as the national anthem in 1915 and it served in such a capacity until 1924 when it was replaced by the
Mongol Internationale.
History
The origin of the name comes from the idea that mule is considered as the ride of Buddhist deities, such as Palden Lhamo, and that mule is worth a hundred lang and is a special vehicle. The song was originally a religious hymn.
During the time of Bogd Khanate Mongolia, there was a folk song called "Zuun lang joroo luus" as a national anthem. At that time, when
Prime Minister
A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...
Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren
Tögs-Ochir Namnansüren (1878 – April 1919), known by his full title Sain Noyon Khan Namnansüren, was a hereditary prince and prominent early 20th-century Mongolian independence leader. He served as the first prime minister of Mongolia u ...
went to
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
for talks on military affairs, where he saw for the first time
military bands performing at ceremonies. He liked the sound of this music, which gave him cause to bring brass instruments back home with a Russian musical expert, who selected 10 people from Bogd Khan's army and taught them how to play the instruments. At the same time, the Russian exploration team arrived in Mongolia and visited the
Green Palace and paid tribute to the monarch, before making a request to the Russian ambassador, to create a national anthem for the Khanate. Andrey Vyacheslavovich Kadlec, a Czech-born Russian composer and principal violinist of the
Mariinsky Theatre
The Mariinsky Theatre (, also transcribed as Maryinsky or Mariyinsky) is a historic opera house in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Opened in 1860, it became the preeminent music theatre of late 19th-century Russia, where many of the stage masterpieces ...
in
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...
, was commissioned to compose a "National Anthem of Mongolia". He was given the melody of a song by the
at that time, which was "Zuun Lang Joroo Mulus". Subsequently, it became the National Anthem of Bogd Khant Mongolia in 1915.
From 1914-1924, the anthem was sung in religious and state ceremonies. After that, the song
Mongol Internationale composed in 1922 was played by the musicians of the State Central Theater not only at ceremonies, but also at the beginning and end of Mongolian radio broadcasts.
Lyrics
References
{{Nationalanthemsofasia
Historical national anthems
1915 songs
National symbols of Mongolia
Royal anthems
Music of Mongolia
Mongolia (1911–1924)