Zuevo was a historic village in

Bogorodsky Uyezd Bogorodsky Uyezd () was one of the subdivisions of the Moscow Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Bogorodsk (Noginsk). Demographics At the time of the Russian E ...

Moscow Governorate The Moscow Governorate was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire. It was bordered by Tver Governorate to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the northeast, Ryazan Governorate to the southeast, Tula Gove ...

Imperial Russia Imperial is that which relates to an empire, emperor/empress, or imperialism. Imperial or The Imperial may also refer to: Places United States * Imperial, California * Imperial, Missouri * Imperial, Nebraska * Imperial, Pennsylvania * ...

. It was the administrative centre of Zuevskaya volost. Since 1917 it has been part of the city of

Orekhovo-Zuyevo Orekhovo-Zuyevo (, ) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of Moscow in a forested area on the Klyazma River (a tributary of the Oka). Orekhovo (), often pronounced only as ''Orekh'', is a Russian word which means "nut ...

. It was the birthplace of

Savva Vasilyevich Morozov Savva Vasilyevich Morozov (; 24 April 1770 – 1860) was an eighteenth-century Russian entrepreneur, who founded the Morozov dynasty. Origins He was born a serf, his father, a fisherman having been sold by Vsevoloshsky along with other serfs, b ...

and

Semyon Grigorievich Zimin Semyon Grigorievich Zimin (1760, Zuevo – 1840) was a Russian entrepreneur and founder of the Zimin dynasty. He was born a serf owned by the landowner Ryumin. He married Anastasia Grigorievna, with whom he had five sons: Kipriyan, Ivan, Pavel, Ni ...

, both peasants who became industrialists ensuring Zuevo play an important role in the industrialisation of

Early development

The village belonged to the

Vsevolozhsky family The Vsevolozhsky family was a Russian aristocratic family descended from the Rostislavichi of Smolensk. The family was granted Zherekhovo, a village in Vladimir Vladimir (, , pre-1918 orthography: ) is a masculine given name of Slavic ori ...

The village was originally an area of arable agriculture. In the ''Economic Notes'' of 1760 it states of the population "they plow the land all over, and they also use carts to hire them to different cities." However, from 1771 when two peasants gained permission to start

silk weaving Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is most commonly produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtaine ...

in five locations, the village played a part in the developing

textile sector in Imperial Russia The Textile sector of Imperial Russia developed significantly in the nineteenth century. It played a significant role in the Industrialization in the Russian Empire. In 1840 the Manchester based company De Jersey & Co. appointed Franz Holzhauer as ...

. This contributed to the expansion of the population: By the mid 1790s there were 9 factories employing 63 workers. The largest was that of Feodor Kononov, who employed 15 workers. He lent one his workers,

Savva Morozov Savva Timofeyevich Morozov (, , Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Orekhovo-Zuevo, Bogorodsky Uyezd, Moscow Governorate, Russian Empire – , Cannes, France) was a Russian textile magnate and philanthropist. Established by Savva Vasilyevich Morozov (1770–1862 ...

, 1,500 to buy himself out of military service. Morozov repaid the debt in two years.

Creation of Orekhovo-Zuyevo

Following the

February Revolution The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of Russian Revolution, two revolutions which took place in Russia ...

of 1917 a

soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

of workers deputies was created linking the villages of Orekhovo, Zuevo and Nikolskoye in March 1917. It was one of the first soviets to be dominated by the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...

. By May 1917 this soviet had taken over the factories of the

Morozovs The Morozovs () is a famous Old Believers Russian family of merchants and entrepreneurs. The family name Morozov originates from a Russian word ''moroz'' (мороз) that means ''frost''. The founder of the family was Savva Vasilyevich Morozov ( ...

. The Soviet called on the

Provisional government A provisional government, also called an interim government, an emergency government, a transitional government or provisional leadership, is a temporary government formed to manage a period of transition, often following state collapse, revoluti ...

to unify the three settlements as the city of Orekhovo-Zuyevo, which they did on 3 June, 1917.

References

{{reflist Bogorodsky Uyezd