
Zograf Peak (, , ) rises to
[A. Kamburov and L. Ivanov. Bowles Ridge and Central Tangra Mountains: Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:25000 map. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2023.] at the northeast extremity of
Friesland Ridge
Friesland Ridge (Hrebet Frisland \'hre-bet 'fris-land\) is a ridge on Livingston Island in the South Shetlands, part of the Tangra Mountains. The summit, Mount Friesland, which rises to , is the northwesternmost of the ridge's six main peaks. ...
in
Tangra Mountains
Tangra Mountains (in Bulgarian ''Тангра планина'', 'Tangra planina' \'tan-gra pla-ni-'na\) () form the principal mountain range of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The range had been nameless until ...
,
Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name ''Smolensk'', ) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetland Islands, South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands, Antarctic islands north of the ...
in the
South Shetland Islands
The South Shetland Islands are a group of List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands, Antarctic islands located in the Drake Passage with a total area of . They lie about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, and between southwest of the n ...
,
Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean (also known as the Antarctic Ocean), it contains the geographic South Pole. ...
. The peak is heavily glaciated and crevassed, with precipitous and partly ice-free northern slopes. The peak surmounts
Huron Glacier
Huron Glacier is a } long and wide glacial flow on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica, situated east of Perunika Glacier, southeast of Kaliakra Glacier, south of Struma Glacier, west-northwest of Iskar Glacier and ...
to the north and
Shipka Valley
Shipka Valley (Shipchenska Dolina \'ship-chen-ska do-li-'na\) valley extending and wide in Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The valley descends from Shipka Saddle between the north slopes of Lyask ...
to the east, and is accessible via the saddle of elevation 975 m linking it to the north rib of
Lyaskovets Peak
Lyaskovets Peak (, ) is the easternmost peak of Friesland Ridge in the Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island and has an elevation of 1,473 m. The peak is bounded by Catalunyan Saddle on the west and Shipka Saddle on the east, and is he ...
. The peak is linked to the northeast by
Lozen Saddle
Lozen Saddle (Lozenska Sedlovina \'lo-zen-ska se-dlo-vi-'na\) is a 437 m high saddle situated between Lozen Nunatak and Zograf Peak in Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica which provides overland ...
to
Lozen Nunatak
Lozen Nunatak (, ) is a 440m hill in upper Huron Glacier, Livingston Island. It is part of a minor ridge in the north foothills of Tangra Mountains including also Erma Knoll and Aheloy Nunatak, and linked to Zograf Peak by Lozen Saddle. The ...
,
Erma Knoll
Erma Knoll (, ) is a peak in upper Huron Glacier, Livingston Island. The peak was first visited on 17 December 2004 by the Bulgarian Lyubomir Ivanov from Camp Academia, and was mapped by Bulgaria in 2005 and 2009 from the Tangra 2004/05 topog ...
and
Aheloy Nunatak.
The peak is named after the Bulgarian
Zograf Monastery
The Saint George the Zograf Monastery or Zograf Monastery (, ''Moní Zográphou''; ) is one of the twenty Eastern Orthodox monasteries in Mount Athos (the "Holy Mountain") in Greece. It was founded in the late 9th or early 10th century by three ...
on
Mount Athos
Mount Athos (; ) is a mountain on the Athos peninsula in northeastern Greece directly on the Aegean Sea. It is an important center of Eastern Orthodoxy, Eastern Orthodox monasticism.
The mountain and most of the Athos peninsula are governed ...
.
First ascent by
Lyubomir Ivanov from
Camp Academia
Camp Academia (, ) is a geographical locality in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named for the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in appreciation of the Academy’s contribution to Antarctic exploration. The site was fir ...
on 31 December 2004.
[D. Gildea]
''Mountaineering in Antarctica: complete guide: Travel guide.''
Primento and Editions Nevicata, 2015. 192 pp.
Location
The peak is located 1.33 km north by west of
Lyaskovets Peak
Lyaskovets Peak (, ) is the easternmost peak of Friesland Ridge in the Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island and has an elevation of 1,473 m. The peak is bounded by Catalunyan Saddle on the west and Shipka Saddle on the east, and is he ...
, 4.26 km east by south of
Pliska Peak
Pliska Ridge (, ) is a three-peaked ridge rising to in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Its central and highest summit, ''Pliska Peak'', is located east-northeast of Willan Nunatak (), southeast of Burdi ...
, 1.88 km south-southeast of
Kuzman Knoll
Kuzman Knoll (Kuzmanova Mogila \'kuz-ma-no-va mo-'gi-la\) is a solitary ice-covered knoll rising to 620 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The knoll forms a conspicuous landmark in Wörner Gap area, overl ...
, 3.9 km south by west of
Maritsa Peak
Maritsa Peak (, ) rises to in eastern Bowles Ridge on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It has precipitous rocky south slopes, and is situated on the west side of Pirdop Gate, surmounting Huron Glacier to the south a ...
and 1.55 km west of
Komini Peak
Komini Peak (, ) is a peak with an elevation of on the north slopes of Levski Peak, in the Tangra Mountains, in Livingston Island, Antarctica.A. Kamburov and L. Ivanov. Bowles Ridge and Central Tangra Mountains: Livingston Island, Antarctica ...
.
Camp Academia
The northwestern foothills of Zograf Peak are known as
Camp Academia
Camp Academia (, ) is a geographical locality in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named for the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in appreciation of the Academy’s contribution to Antarctic exploration. The site was fir ...
, a central location in the upper Huron Glacier,
Wörner Gap
Wörner Gap (Sedlovina Wörner \se-dlo-vi-'na 'vyor-ner\) is a flat saddle extending 3 km in the south-north direction between Friesland Ridge and Bowles Ridge in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Its ele ...
area, eastern
Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name ''Smolensk'', ) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetland Islands, South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands, Antarctic islands north of the ...
(). This location can be accessed by an 11 km route from
St. Kliment Ohridski base
St. Kliment Ohridski Base (, ) is a Bulgarian Antarctic base on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.
The base, originally known as ''Sofia University Refuge'' or ''Hemus Base'', was named in 1993 for medieval Bulgarian scholar St. ...
, or a 12.5 km route from
Juan Carlos I base
Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base, named after the former king of Spain, Juan Carlos I (), is a seasonal (November to March) scientific station operated by Spain, opened in January 1988. Situated on Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetl ...
. The site offers convenient overland access to the
Tangra Mountains
Tangra Mountains (in Bulgarian ''Тангра планина'', 'Tangra planina' \'tan-gra pla-ni-'na\) () form the principal mountain range of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The range had been nameless until ...
to the south;
Bowles Ridge
Bowles Ridge (, ) is the central ridge of eastern Livingston Island. The ridge extends 6.5 km in the east-west direction and is 1.5 km wide. The summit of the ridge is Mount Bowles which rises to 822m and is located 9.77 km n ...
,
Vidin Heights
Vidin Heights (, ) are predominantly ice-covered heights rising to on Varna Peninsula, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The feature is approximately long from the north end of Leslie Gap east-northeastwards ...
,
Kaliakra Glacier
Kaliakra Glacier (, ) is a glacier in northeastern Livingston Island, Antarctica extending in east-west direction and in north-south direction, and situated southeast of Saedinenie Snowfield, southwest of Panega Glacier, north of Struma Gla ...
and
Saedinenie Snowfield areas to the north; Huron Glacier to the east and
Perunika Glacier
Perunika Glacier (, ) is an 8 km long and 3 km wide (average) roughly crescent-shaped glacier in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica situated east of Pimpirev Glacier, south of Saedinenie Snowfield, ...
and
Huntress Glacier
Huntress Glacier is a glacier long and wide flowing into the head of False Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is situated east of Johnsons Glacier, southeast of Contell Glacier and Balkan Snowfield, south o ...
to the west.
Camp Academia
Camp Academia (, ) is a geographical locality in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named for the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in appreciation of the Academy’s contribution to Antarctic exploration. The site was fir ...
hosted the base camp of the Bulgarian topographic survey
Tangra 2004/05
The Tangra 2004/05 Expedition was commissioned by the Antarctic Place-names Commission at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bulgaria), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria, managed by the Manfred Wörner Foundation, and supported by the ...
from 3 December 2004 until 2 January 2005 and was named for the
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
The Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (abbreviated BAS; , ''Bŭlgarska akademiya na naukite'', abbreviated БАН) is the National Academy of Bulgaria, established in 1869.
The Academy, with headquarters in Sofia, is autonomous and consists of a S ...
in appreciation of that academy's contribution to Antarctic exploration. Since 2004 the site has been designated as the summer post office Tangra 1091 of the Bulgarian Posts Plc.
Zograf Peak and
Camp Academia
Camp Academia (, ) is a geographical locality in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named for the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in appreciation of the Academy’s contribution to Antarctic exploration. The site was fir ...
were mapped in 2005, 2009 and 2017 from the topographic survey
Tangra 2004/05
The Tangra 2004/05 Expedition was commissioned by the Antarctic Place-names Commission at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bulgaria), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria, managed by the Manfred Wörner Foundation, and supported by the ...
, and in 2023.
See also
*
Tangra 2004/05
The Tangra 2004/05 Expedition was commissioned by the Antarctic Place-names Commission at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bulgaria), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria, managed by the Manfred Wörner Foundation, and supported by the ...
*
Tangra Mountains
Tangra Mountains (in Bulgarian ''Тангра планина'', 'Tangra planina' \'tan-gra pla-ni-'na\) () form the principal mountain range of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The range had been nameless until ...
Maps
South Shetland Islands.Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Sheet W 62 60. Tolworth, UK, 1968.
* Islas Livingston y Decepción. Mapa topográfico a escala 1:100000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1991.
* L.L. Ivanov et al.,
Antarctica: Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands (from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution), 1:100000 scale topographic map, Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, Sofia, 2005
* L.L. Ivanov.
Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010. (First edition 2009. )
Antarctic Digital Database (ADD).Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), 1993–2016.
* L.L. Ivanov.
Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017.
* A. Kamburov and L. Ivanov.
Bowles Ridge and Central Tangra Mountains: Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:25000 map. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2023.
Notes
References
Zograf Peak.SCAR
A scar (or scar tissue) is an area of fibrosis, fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury. Scars result from the biological process of wound repair in the skin, as well as in other Organ (anatomy), organs, and biological tissue, t ...
Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica
The Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (CGA) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) is the authoritative international gazetteer containing all Antarctic toponyms published in national gazetteers, plus basic information about th ...
.
Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer.Antarctic Place-names Commission
The Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute in 1994, and since 2001 has been a body affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bulgaria), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
The Commis ...
. (details in Bulgarian
basic datain English)
* L.L. Ivanov
Livingston Island Tangra Mountains, Komini Peak, west slope new rock route; Lyaskovets Peak, first ascent; Zograf Peak, first ascent; Vidin Heights, Melnik Peak, Melnik Ridge, first ascent, ''The American Alpine Journal'', 2005, 312-315.
Antarctica: Livingston Island ''Climb Magazine'', Issue 14, Kettering, UK, April 2006, pp. 89–91.
External links
Zograf Peak.Copernix satellite image
{{Bulgarian-named Antarctic place
Tangra Mountains
Mountains of the South Shetland Islands
Bulgaria and the Antarctic