Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County (; usually referred to as "Zhenning County", commonly abbreviated as Zhenning (); Buyei: ) is an autonomous county under the administration of the

prefecture-level city A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province of China, province and above a Counties of the People's Republic of China, county in China's ...

Anshun Anshun ( zh, s=安顺 , t=安順 , p=Ānshùn) is a prefecture-level city located in southwestern Guizhou province, southwest China, near the Huangguoshu Waterfall, the tallest in China. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 2,297,339. ...

, in the southwest of

Guizhou Province ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_map = Guizhou in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_alt = Map showing the location of Guizhou Province , map_caption = Map s ...

, China.

History

In the 3rd century BC, Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County (Zhenning) was a part of an ancient political entity Yelang. In 233, in the 11th year of Jianxing period of

Shu Han Han (; 221–263), known in historiography as Shu Han ( ) or Ji Han ( "Junior Han"), or often shortened to Shu ( zh, t=蜀, p=Shǔ; Sichuanese Pinyin: ''Su'' < Middle Chinese: *''źjowk'' < Eastern Han Chinese: *''dźok''), was a Dynasties in ...

(221–263), the county under the control of Puli Dazong (). In late

Song dynasty The Song dynasty ( ) was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 960 to 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song, who usurped the throne of the Later Zhou dynasty and went on to conquer the rest of the Fiv ...

, the powerful

Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire was the List of largest empires, largest contiguous empire in human history, history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Euro ...

, led by

Genghis Khan Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan (title), khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongols, Mongol tribes, he launched Mongol invasions and ...

, began their conquest of Song Empire. The Mongolian army occupied Zhenning and it came under the jurisdiction of Hehong Zhou (). In 1351, in the 11th year of Zhizheng period of the

Yuan dynasty The Yuan dynasty ( ; zh, c=元朝, p=Yuáncháo), officially the Great Yuan (; Mongolian language, Mongolian: , , literally 'Great Yuan State'), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after Div ...

(1271–1368), Hehong Prefecture was renamed "Zhenning Zhou" () and belonged to Puding Circuit (). In 1385, in the ruling of

Hongwu Emperor The Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328– 24 June 1398), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Ming, personal name Zhu Yuanzhang, courtesy name Guorui, was the List of emperors of the Ming dynasty, founding emperor of the Ming dyna ...

of the

Ming dynasty The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of ...

(1368–1644), Zhenning came under the jurisdiction of Sichuan ''Buzhengshisi'' (). Five years later, a military

garrison A garrison is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a military base or fortified military headquarters. A garrison is usually in a city ...

named "Anzhuangwei" () was founded in downtown Zhenning. In 1671, in the reign of

Kangxi Emperor The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 165420 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, personal name Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign of 61 ...

of the

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...

(1644–1911), Zhenning became an independent " Zhou" and under the administration of

Prefecture A prefecture (from the Latin word, "''praefectura"'') is an administrative jurisdiction traditionally governed by an appointed prefect. This can be a regional or local government subdivision in various countries, or a subdivision in certain inter ...

(). In 1914, Zhenning Zhou was revoked and Zhenning County was set up. On November 21, 1949, the Communists took over Zhenning. In 1956, it came under the jurisdiction of

Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Qiannan Bouyei people, Buyei and Miao people, Miao Autonomous Prefecture ( zh, s=黔南布依族苗族自治州 , p=Qiánnán Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu; Buyei language, Buyei: ''Qianfnanf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz ziqziqzouy''; Hmu language, Hmu: ' ...

. In 1958, Guanling was briefly merged into Zhenning County and then separated in 1961. On September 11, 1963, it became an

autonomous county Autonomous counties () and autonomous banners () are Counties of China, county-level autonomous administrative divisions of China. Autonomous counties tend to have a large number of ethnic minority citizens compared to ordinary counties (if not ...

approved by the State Council of China. In 1964, it was under jurisdiction of

Liuzhi Special District Liuzhi Special District () is a district of Guizhou, China. It was known as Langdai County before 1960. The county is under the administration of Liupanshui city, located in the western part of Guizhou Province. It is bounded by Zhijing and Nayong ...

. In 1981, Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County came under the jurisdiction of Anshun.

Administrative divisions

Zhenning is divided into 5 subdistricts, 8 towns and 1 township: * Baimahu Subdistrict () * Huancui Subdistrict () * Shuanglongshan Subdistrict () * Dingqi Subdistrict () * Ningxi Subdistrict () * Huangguoshu Town () * Jianglong Town () * Machang Town () * Liangtian Town () * Biandanshan Town () * Muyi Town () * Benzhai Town () * Liuma Town () * Shazi Township () * Geli Township () * Jianga Township ()

Geography

Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is located in the southwest of

Guizhou ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_map = Guizhou in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_alt = Map showing the location of Guizhou Province , map_caption = Map s ...

province. The county has a total area of . It borders Puding County and

in the north,

Wangmo County Wangmo County () ( Bouyei: Weangzmox xianq) is a county in the southwest of Guizhou province, China, bordering Guangxi to the southeast. It is under the administration of the Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. Administrative divisio ...

and

Zhenfeng County Zhenfeng County () (Bouyei language: Miangxguz xianq) is a county in the southwest of Guizhou province, China. It is under the administration of the Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. Administrative divisions Zhenfeng County is divide ...

in the east and south,

Xixiu District Xixiu District () is a district in the prefecture-level city of Anshun, Guizhou Province, China. The district spans an area of 1,705 square kilometres, and has a population of 765,399 people as of the 2010 Chinese Census. Geography The distric ...

and Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County in the east, and

Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County (; Bouyei: ) is an autonomous county in Anshun City, in the southwest of Guizhou Province ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_map = Guizhou in China (+all claims hatch ...

in the west.

Climate

Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is in the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of , total annual rainfall of , a frost-free period of 279 to 345 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1142 hours. The highest temperature is , and the lowest temperature is .

Rivers

There are 31 rivers and streams in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, which are tributaries of Dabang River and Qingshui River. Zhenning River flows through the downtown county.

Lakes and reservoirs

There are three reservoirs in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County: Wang'er River Reservoir (), White Horse Reservoir (), Guijiahu Reservoir and Red Flag Lake.

Mountains

The highest point in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is ''Maocaopo'' () which stands above sea level. The lowest point is in Liangtian, which, at above sea level.

Parks

Huancui Park () is an urban park in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County.

Economy

As of 2019, the

GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the total market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries. GDP is often used to measure the economic performance o ...

of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County was 10.962 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP was 38162 yuan. Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County's economic engines are agriculture, animal husbandry, mining, paper industry, tourism, and plastic products industry.

Demographics

Population

As of 2019, the

National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China The National Bureau of Statistics () is a deputy-ministerial level agency directly under the State Council of China. Established in August 1952, the bureau is responsible for collection, investigation, research and publication of statistics c ...

estimates the county's population now to be 287,300. There are 23 ethnic groups living in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, including Han, Buyei, Miao and Gelao.

Language

Mandarin Mandarin or The Mandarin may refer to: Language * Mandarin Chinese, branch of Chinese originally spoken in northern parts of the country ** Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, the official language of China ** Taiwanese Mandarin, Stand ...

is the official language. The local people speak both

Southwestern Mandarin Southwestern Mandarin (), also known as Upper Yangtze Mandarin (), is a Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in much of Southwestern China, including in Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, most parts of Hubei, the northwestern part of Hunan, the nor ...

and minority language.

Religion

The county government supports all religions. The local people mainly believe in

Buddhism Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and List of philosophies, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or ...

and

Catholicism The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...

Education

There are one high school, nine middle schools, sixty-nine primary schools, and sixty-four kindergartens in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County.

Transportation

China National Highway 320 China National Highway 320 (G320) runs southwest from Shanghai through the provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and Guizhou before ending in Ruili, Yunnan Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The prov ...

, commonly abbreviated as "National Highway 320", runs through the county. The G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway, commonly referred to as "Hukun Expressway", is a major northeast-southwest interstate that runs through western Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County and intersects with in Yanpo, just north of the county. Zhensheng Expressway

Tourism

Tourism and related services are still developing in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County. The county is known worldwide for

Huangguoshu Waterfall Huangguoshu Waterfall (), is one of the largest waterfalls in China and East Asia located on the in Anshun, Guizhou province. It is high and wide. The main waterfall is high and wide, is the biggest waterfall in Asia. Tourism Known as the ...

, which attracts a large number of tourists. The county's most visited

Buddhist temple A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for Buddhism, Buddhists, the followers of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat, khurul and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in B ...

is Nianfo Temple (). The Red Flag Reservoir is a popular attraction. Major tourist destinations include Yelang Cave (), Rhinoceros Cave () and Shuangming Cave ().

Notable people

* Lu Ruiguang, revolutionary *

Ren Zhengfei Ren Zhengfei (; born 25 October 1944) is a Chinese entrepreneur and engineer who is the founder and CEO of Huawei Technologies, which is located in Shenzhen, China, and is the world's largest manufacturer of telecommunications equipment and se ...

, entrepreneur, engineer and founder and CEO of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

References

External links

Official website of Zhenning Government
{{authority control Counties of Guizhou Bouyei autonomous counties Miao autonomous counties Anshun