''Zanthoxylum scandens'' () is a woody plant from the family

Rutaceae The Rutaceae is a family, commonly known as the rueRUTACEAE
in BoDD – Botanical Der ...

Description

''Zanthoxylum scandens'' is a woody plant, observed as a shrub or woody climber. It has been found in lowland forests, open forests, and thickets from an elevation at near sea level to . Geographically, the species has been spotted in areas within South

Anhui Anhui , (; formerly romanized as Anhwei) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the East China region. Its provincial capital and largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze River ...

Chongqing Chongqing ( or ; ; Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), alternately romanized as Chungking (), is a municipality in Southwest China. The official abbreviation of the city, "" (), was approved by the State Cou ...

Fujian Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its c ...

Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020 ...

, Guangxi,

Guizhou Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to t ...

Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slight ...

Hubei Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The pr ...

Hunan Hunan (, ; ) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the South Central China region. Located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze watershed, it borders the province-level divisions of Hubei to the north, Jiangxi ...

Jiangxi Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into h ...

Sichuan Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of th ...

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northe ...

Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the ...

Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by ...

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, Japan,

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...

, Laos, and

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...

. The species has a self-supporting growth form, with individual plants growing up to . Prickles can be found on its trunks, branches, branchlets, and leaf rachises. Flowers are tetramerous, with a perianth in two series. It sepals have been found as pale purplish green in color, ovate in shape, and about in size. Male flowers have four stamens, are about three to four millimeters in size, and have a spot at their apex. Female flowers have three carpels with ligulate staminodes. Fruit follicles have been observed as purplish red in color, but grayish brown to black when dry. Seeds are about four to five millimeters in diameter. The species typically flowers from March to May, and fruits from to July to August.

Classification

The species was first published in Carl Ludwig von Blume's ''Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlandsch Indie'' in 1825. It has widely been accepted as a species, including in ''Flora of Japan II'' (Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H., 1999), ''A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar'' (Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y., 2003), ''Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam'' (Lê, T.C., 2003), ''Check-List of Flora of Meghalaya'' (Mao, A.A., Sinha, B.K., Verma, D. & Sarma, N., 2016), '' Bokor National Park A picture guide of forest trees in Cambodia'' (Tagane, S. & al., 2017), and ''Flora of China''. (Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H., 2008). 529 occurrences have been officially recorded. Three specimens are kept at the ''

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. An internationally important botanical research and education institution, it employs 1,10 ...

''. Twelve potential synonyms have been identified, including ''Fagara chinensis'', ''Fagara cuspidata'', ''Fagara cyrtorhachia'', ''Fagara laxifoliolata'', ''Fagara leiorhachia'', ''Fagara scandens'', ''Zanthoxylum chinense'', ''Zanthoxylum cuspidatum'', ''Zanthoxylum cyrtorbachium'', ''Zanthoxylum laxifoliolatum'', ''Zanthoxylum leiorhachium'' and ''Zanthoxylum liukiuense''.

References

scandens Flora of China {{Rutaceae-stub