Zamora (Senate Constituency)
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Zamora is one of the 59 constituencies () represented in the
Senate of Spain The Senate () is the upper house of the , which along with the Congress of Deputies – the lower chamber – comprises the Parliament of the Kingdom of Spain. The Senate meets in the Palace of the Senate in Madrid. The presiding officer of the ...
, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Zamora. The electoral system uses open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.


Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 Spanish general election, 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, Senate,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an Organic Law (Spain), organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales. Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals ''over 21 years of age'' and in full enjoyment of their political ''and'' civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spanish diaspora, Spaniards abroad to Voter registration, apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (), which was abolished in 2022. 208 seats are elected using an open list Limited voting, partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic Islands, Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature. The electoral law allows for Political party, parties and Political alliance, federations registered in the Ministry of the Interior (Spain), interior ministry, Electoral alliance, coalitions and Grouping of electors (Spain), groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies..


Senators


Elections


2023 general election


November 2019 general election


April 2019 general election


2016 general election


2015 general election


2011 general election


2008 general election


2004 general election


2000 general election


1996 general election


1993 general election


1989 general election


1986 general election


1982 general election


1979 general election


1977 general election


References


Bibliography

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