''Yoshimuriella'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

foliose Foliose lichen is one of the morphological classes of lichens, which are complex organisms that arise from the symbiotic relationship between fungi and a photosynthetic partner, typically algae. This partnership allows lichen to live in divers ...

(leafy) lichens in the family

Peltigeraceae The Peltigeraceae are a family of lichens in the order Peltigerales. The Peltigeraceae, which contains 15 genera and about 600 species, has recently (2018) been emended to include the families Lobariaceae and Nephromataceae. Many Peltigeraceae ...

. It has nine species.

Taxonomy

The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every po ...

by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and

Robert Lücking Robert Lücking (born 1964) is a German lichenologist. He is a leading expert on foliicolous lichens–lichens that live on leaves. Life and career Born in Ulm in 1964, Lücking earned both his master's (1990) and PhD degree (1994) at the Univer ...

in 2013, with ''

Yoshimuriella fendleri ''Yoshimuriella'' is a genus of foliose (leafy) lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. It has nine species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking in 2013, with '' Yoshimuriella fendleri'' as ...

'' assigned as the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...

. The genus contains species that were previously considered part of the ''Lobaria peltigera''

species group In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...

, a clade of predominantly

neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

lichens. The genus name honours Japanese botanist and lichenologist Isao Yoshimura for his contributions to the understanding of the genus ''

Lobaria ''Lobaria'' is a genus of foliose lichens, formerly classified in the family Lobariaceae, but now placed in the Peltigeraceae. They are commonly known as "lung wort" or "lungmoss" as their physical shape somewhat resembles a lung, and their ec ...

'' and allied species. Seven species were included in the original circumscription of the genus.

Description

''Yoshimuriella'' consists of

lichens that typically grows as epiphytes, and less frequently on logs or mossy rocks. They are green when wet, drying out to a pale greyish colour, and becoming pale yellowish after lengthy storage in a

herbarium A herbarium (plural: herbaria) is a collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study. The specimens may be whole plants or plant parts; these will usually be in dried form mounted on a sheet of paper (calle ...

Pseudocyphella Pseudocyphellae (singular ''pseudocyphella'') are structures in lichens that appear as tiny pores on the outer surface (the cortex of the lichen. They are caused when there is a break in the cortex of the lichen, and the medullary hyphae extend ...

e (pores for air exchange) and

soredia Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens. Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or ...

are absent;

isidia An isidium is a vegetative reproductive structure present in some lichens. Isidia are outgrowths of the thallus surface, and are corticated (i.e., containing the outermost layer of the thallus), usually with a columnar structure, and consisting ...

or phyllidia and lobules are often present, and are usually found at the margins of the lobes. The

apothecia An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are mo ...

are cup-shaped and

lecanorine A lichen has lecanorine fruiting body parts if they are shaped like a plate with a ring around them, and that ring is made of tissue similar to the main non-fruiting body part of the lichen.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale ...

in form. The

photobiont A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.green alga The green algae (singular: green alga) are a group consisting of the Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister which contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/ Streptophyta. The land plants ( Embryophytes) have emerged deep in the Charophyte alg ...

l genus ''

Dictyochloropsis ''Dictyochloropsis'' is a genus of unicellular green alga of the phylum Chlorophyta. This genus consists of free-living algae which have a reticulate (net-like) chloroplast that varies slightly in morphology between species, and that when mature a ...

''.

Secondary compounds Secondary metabolites, also called specialised metabolites, toxins, secondary products, or natural products, are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the norma ...

that occur in ''Yoshimuriella'' include pseudocyphellarin A,

gyrophoric acid Gyrophoric acid is a depside that can be found in the lichen ''Cryptothecia rubrocincta'' and in '' Xanthoparmelia pokomyi''. It can also be found in most of the species of the '' Actinogyra'', ''Lasallia'', and ''Umbilicaria'' genera. See also ...

, and congyrophoric acid.

Species

Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of ...

(in the

Catalogue of Life The Catalogue of Life is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic I ...

) accepts eight species of ''Yoshimuriella''; this total does not yet include a ninth species that was added to the genus in 2021. They are shown in this list, followed by their author citation, year of transfer into ''Yoshimuriella'', and

location In geography, location or place are used to denote a region (point, line, or area) on Earth's surface or elsewhere. The term ''location'' generally implies a higher degree of certainty than ''place'', the latter often indicating an entity with an ...

where the

type specimen In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the ...

was collected. *''

Yoshimuriella carassensis ''Yoshimuriella'' is a genus of foliose (leafy) lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. It has nine species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking in 2013, with ''Yoshimuriella fendleri'' assig ...

'' – Brazil *''

Yoshimuriella corrosa ''Yoshimuriella'' is a genus of foliose (leafy) lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. It has nine species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking in 2013, with ''Yoshimuriella fendleri'' assig ...

'' – Peru *''

Yoshimuriella denudata ''Yoshimuriella'' is a genus of foliose (leafy) lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. It has nine species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking in 2013, with ''Yoshimuriella fendleri'' assig ...

'' – Colombia *''

Yoshimuriella deplanata ''Yoshimuriella'' is a genus of foliose (leafy) lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. It has nine species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking in 2013, with ''Yoshimuriella fendleri'' assig ...

'' – Colombia *'' Yoshimuriella dissecta'' – Jamaica *''

'' – Venezuela *'' Yoshimuriella peltigera'' – Brazil *''

Yoshimuriella subcorrosa ''Yoshimuriella'' is a genus of foliose (leafy) lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. It has nine species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking in 2013, with ''Yoshimuriella fendleri'' assig ...

'' – Mexico *''

Yoshimuriella subdissecta ''Yoshimuriella'' is a genus of foliose (leafy) lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. It has nine species. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Bibiana Moncada and Robert Lücking in 2013, with ''Yoshimuriella fendleri'' assig ...

'' – Bolivia

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q47646135 Peltigerales Peltigerales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 2013 Taxa named by Robert Lücking