Yiddish Summer Weimar
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Yiddish Summer Weimar is an annual summer institute and festival for Yiddish music, language and culture which takes place in
Weimar Weimar is a city in the state (Germany), German state of Thuringia, in Central Germany (cultural area), Central Germany between Erfurt to the west and Jena to the east, southwest of Leipzig, north of Nuremberg and west of Dresden. Together w ...
, Germany. Starting as a 3-day workshop in 1998, it was officially founded in its current form in 2006 and has grown to become one of the most important festivals and educational organizations for
Klezmer Klezmer ( or ) is an instrumental musical tradition of the Ashkenazi Jews of Central and Eastern Europe. The essential elements of the tradition include dance tunes, ritual melodies, and virtuosic improvisations played for listening; these wou ...
,
Yiddish song Yiddish song is a general description of several genres of music sung in Yiddish which includes songs of Yiddish theatre, Klezmer songs, and "Yiddish art song" after the model of the German Lied and French mélodie. The Yiddish language and song F ...
,
Yiddish Language Yiddish, historically Judeo-German, is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews. It originated in 9th-century Central Europe, and provided the nascent Ashkenazi community with a vernacular based on High German fused with ...
, dance and culture. It is known for its transcultural and transnational perspective which supports an international learning community, for the pedagogical approach of its founder, Alan Bern, and for its commitment to the creation and presentation of historically informed, contemporary Yiddish artistic production.


History

In 1998, the band Brave Old World was invited by the European Summer Academy to teach a 3-day workshop in Yiddish music and dance in Weimar, Germany, followed by a concert. The following year, the city of Weimar was designated a
European Capital of Culture A European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union (EU) for a period of one calendar year during which it organises a series of cultural events with a strong pan-European dimension. Being a European Capital of Culture can ...
and Brave Old World was invited back to teach a week-long workshop followed by a concert. Klezmer music, a genre originating in Eastern Europe and repopularized in the United States in the 1980s, had become popular in Germany in the 1990s due to foreign artists such as Brave Old World,
The Klezmatics The Klezmatics are an American klezmer music group based in New York City, who have achieved fame singing in several languages, most notably mixing older Yiddish language, Yiddish tunes with other types of more contemporary music of differing or ...
, Alex Jacobowitz and
Giora Feidman Giora Feidman (; born 25 March 1936) is an Argentine-born Israeli clarinetist who specializes in klezmer music. Biography Giora Feidman was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where his Bessarabian Jewish parents immigrated to escape persecution. F ...
, as well as German groups like Kasbek, Aufwind, Zupfgeigenhansel, and
Karsten Troyke Karsten Troyke (born ''Karsten Bertolt Sellhorn'' on 14 August 1960 in Berlin) is a German singer of Jewish songs, as well as an actor and speaker. Early life Troyke was born to a family with some Jewish ancestry, but is not matrilineally Je ...
. A number of American and ex-Soviet klezmer and Yiddish musicians settled in Germany during this time, including Alan Bern (in 1989) and Joel Rubin. Because of the success of the 1999 Brave Old World workshop, the idea of an annual workshop and festival emerged. In 2000, the , run by Julia Draganović, took over the festival management, under the umbrella of the , a non-profit organization that made it possible to apply for public funding for the festival. At the same time, Bern became the Artistic Director, and the festival was officially named (Weimar Klezmer Weeks). In 2002 Draganović's role was taken over by Stephanie Erben. Between 2000 and 2005, the festival grew from one week to four weeks through the addition of further week-long workshops dedicated to individual genres of Yiddish expressive culture and language. During this time, public evening jam sessions in cafés became a prominent feature of the festival, giving students rich opportunities for informal learning and creating close connections with the general Weimar community. This integrated urban setting also distinguishes the festival from others such as
KlezKanada KlezKanada () is a Canadian organization for the promotion of klezmer music and Yiddish culture. Its principal program is a week-long Jewish music festival founded in 1996 that takes place annually in August at Camp B'nai B'rith in Lantier, Queb ...
or KlezKamp, which have operated as rural retreats. In 2005, Bern decided that workshops and concerts would be unified by an annual special topic, and committed the festival to a transcultural and transnational perspective, understanding Yiddish culture as fundamentally related to other cultures in a complex matrix. By 2006, the festival had outgrown both its original focus on klezmer music and the infrastructure provided by the and the . It was decided to create a new nonprofit organization to run the festival, called Other Music e.V. (changed in 2018 to Other Music Academy e.V.). At the same time, the festival was re-named Yiddish Summer Weimar (YSW). It has since grown to become one of the main Yiddish music and cultural festivals in Germany and worldwide. In 2008-9, YSW launched its first major international project, The Other Europeans. Funded by the
European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...
and in partnership with the Jewish Culture Festival in Kraków and the KlezMore Festival in Vienna, The Other Europeans brought together 14 musicians from the USA, Moldova, Bulgaria, Hungary, Germany and Belgium to explore the common repertoire of klezmer and
Lăutari The Romanian language, Romanian word lăutar (; plural: ''lăutari'') denotes a class of musicians. The term was adopted by members of a professional clan of Romani musicians in the late 18th century. The term is derived from ''lăută'', the ...
musicians who were active in Moldova from the 18th through the late 20th centuries. This project was given the Best Practices Award in Favor of the Roma Community award by the European Commission in 2010, and resulted in a CD released in 2011, ''Splendor''. In 2010, Erben left the organization and the festival management was taken over by a team that included Katrin Petlusch, Katrin Füllsack and Johannes Paul Gräßer. In 2013, in cooperation with the tourism initiative (Weimar Summer), Yiddish Summer Weimar introduced a special Festival Week featuring nightly concerts and a daytime program of free, hands-on introductory workshops open to everyone. Whereas concerts had previously taken place as part of the workshops, the Festival Week constituted a new platform for concerts, films and other public events in a concentrated period of time, and it remains a central feature of YSW. In 2016, YSW received project funding from the German Federal Cultural Foundation for the creation of two major new works: ''Bobe Mayses: Jewish Knights & Other Legends,'' a collaborative puppet theater production directed by Jenny Romaine, and ''Gilgul'', a contemporary dance work created and directed by Steven Weintraub. The following year, Andreas Schmitges became Curator of YSW, with Bern continuing as Artistic Director. Under Schmitges’ curatorship, YSW rapidly expanded to include international youth exchange projects such as the Caravan Orchestra, the Kadya Choir, and the Triangle Orchestra, concerts in Erfurt, Eisenach and other cities and towns in Thuringia (YSW goes Thuringia), and a new emphasis on in-house productions of New Yiddish Culture. 2019 represented the pre-pandemic high point of this development, when, once again with the support of the Federal Cultural Foundation of Germany, Yiddish Summer Weimar was able to produce seven major original, international artistic projects in the framework of "The Weimar Republic of Yiddishland": (led by Alan Bern), (led by Josh Dolgin), ''Waxband'' (led by Amit Weisberger), (led by
Michael Wex Michael Wex (born September 12, 1954) is a Canadian novelist, playwright, translator, lecturer, performer, and author of books on language and literature.Josh Waletzky), (led by Yuri Vedenyapin), and (led by Polina Shepherd, Daniel Kahn and Efim Chorny). Since 2019, YSW has explicitly embraced a four-fold mission: the research, transmission, creation and presentation of historically-informed New Yiddish Culture. In 2020 and 2021, YSW took place outdoors and in special formats due to the Covid pandemic and dance events were cancelled. In 2022 and 2023, it has returned to its pre-pandemic format of mixed indoors and outdoors venues, workshops, concerts, the Festival Week and other special events. On average, more than 200 people attend one or more workshops each year, and approximately 10,000 attend its public events. Many of the workshop attendees return annually. Stefan Wolf, the Lord Mayor of Weimar from 2006 to 2018, has been a major supporter of the festival. In 2009 Weimar gave the nonprofit organization a 33-year, low cost lease on an unused, former school building; it became the home of the Other Music Academy (OMA), conceived as a new kind of cultural center dedicated to diversity, inclusion, individual and social empowerment and creativity. The OMA is the physical home base for Yiddish Summer Weimar and all of its other projects. Peter Kleine, the current Lord Mayor of Weimar, is also a major supporter of both YSW and the OMA. The festival has received recognition and occasional support from the
European Commission The European Commission (EC) is the primary Executive (government), executive arm of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government, with a number of European Commissioner, members of the Commission (directorial system, informall ...
, the Federal Cultural Foundation, the Ministries of Education and Culture of
Thuringia Thuringia (; officially the Free State of Thuringia, ) is one of Germany, Germany's 16 States of Germany, states. With 2.1 million people, it is 12th-largest by population, and with 16,171 square kilometers, it is 11th-largest in area. Er ...
, the German Music Council, the city government of Weimar as well many other public agencies, private foundations and individuals.


Pedagogy

The festival's pedagogical approach has been developed by its founder Alan Bern, and distinguishes it from other annual Jewish or Yiddish music workshops. The ethnomusicologist Phil Alexander has described it as having four main elements: "looseness of structure and process, continuity between music and physical movement, organic connection between all stages of music making, and integration into the city and community." Special attention is also paid to issues of identity, authenticity, and intercultural interactions. While the courses investigate Jewish culture and traditions, they are open to non-Jewish participants who often make up a significant portion of attendees, coming not only from Germany but a number of other countries. In developing the teaching method at YSW, Bern was inspired by his work in the mid-1980s with
Ted Sizer Theodore Ryland Sizer (June 23, 1932 – October 21, 2009) was a leader of educational reform in the United States, the founder (and eventually President Emeritus) of the Coalition of Essential Schools, Essential school movement and was known for ...
's
Coalition of Essential Schools The Coalition of Essential Schools is a US organization created to further a type of whole-school reform originally envisioned by founder Ted Sizer in his book, ''Horace's Compromise.'' The group began in 1984 with twelve schools and grew to 600 ...
, which emphasized the need for teachers to model learning rather than to impart knowledge, and that the lifelong creativity and enthusiasm of teachers is essential to inspiring students. To achieve this, teachers teach in teams and act as project leaders, helping to guide a process of discovery along with their students. Bern applied this principle to the YSW workshops, leading to the atmosphere of a learning community. Workshop teachers engage in an ongoing exchange with each other as well as with the participants, with flexible scheduling, project-based learning, and an emphasis on learning and playing by ear and other kinds of embodied knowledge, rather than score- or text-based knowledge. For this reason, workshop teachers are either artists with an ongoing practice of research and performance, or scholars who work closely with active artists. The Other Music Academy, the “parent” institution of YSW, operates year-round, also works to explore such topics in an empowering and empathetic way, not only with respect to Yiddish culture but to all of contemporary culture.


In popular culture

The festival has been appeared in various documentary films.''The Broken Sound'' (), 2012, focused on The Other Europeans project, while The Young Kadyas (2020) examined the Kadya Choir Project. Two other documentaries are still in production: ''Beyond All Memories'' (2024, about the Semer Ensemble), and ''Yiddishland'' (2024, by Ros Horin).


Selected past instructors


Annual topics


References

{{Reflist Jewish festivals Music festivals in Germany Yiddish culture in Germany 2006 establishments in Germany Summer festivals Klezmer Jewish organizations established in 2006 Music education in Germany