Yengisar County
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] (formerly transliterated as Yangi Hissar, from
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]), also known as Yingjisha County
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] ( zh, s=英吉沙县), is a
county of
Kashgar Prefecture in southwest
Xinjiang, China. It covers an area of . As of the 2002 census, it had a population of 230,000.
The county seat is the city of Yengisar, a town well known among the local
Uyghurs for its handmade knives. The finely-tuned skill of knife-making used to be passed down among generations in Yengisar, but it is slowly dying due to China's strict response to deadly clashes in Xinjiang.
History
In 1499,
Ahmad Alaq seized
Kashgar and Yengisar from
Mirza Abu Bakr Dughlat.
In 1847 and again in 1857, Kashgar and Yengisar were captured.
In 1882, Yengisar
Independent Subprefecture () was created.
In 1913, Yengisar Independent Subprefecture became Yengisar County.
The
Battle of Yangi Hissar took place here in April 1934, when
Ma Zhancang led the
Chinese Muslim 36th division to attack the Turkic Muslim
Uighur forces at Yangi Hissar, wiping out the entire Uighur force of 500 and killing the Emir
Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra.
In 1955,
Barin,
Jamaterek and
Ujme were transferred from Yengisar County to
Akto County.
In September 2017, Horigul Nasir, then 21, was jailed for ten years for allegedly promoting the wearing of head scarves. Her brother Yusupjan Nasir was subsequently demoted from his position as an assistant officer of the Saghan township police office to a security guard at the township's Family Planning Department.
Administrative Divisions
Yengisar County included 4
towns, 10
townships, and two other areas:
Climate
Economy
, there was about 72,700 acres (480,014 ''
mu'') of cultivated land in Yengisar.
Demographics
As of 2015, 297,290 of the 302,542 residents of the county were
Uyghur, 25,404 were
Han Chinese
The Han Chinese, alternatively the Han people, are an East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Greater China. With a global population of over 1.4 billion, the Han Chinese are the list of contemporary ethnic groups, world's la ...
and 851 were from other ethnic groups.
As of 1999, 97.82% of the population of Yengisar (Yingjisha) County was Uyghur and 1.79% of the population was Han Chinese.
Transportation
Yengisar is served by
China National Highway 315 and the
Southern Xinjiang railway.
Wildlife
The city of Yengisar gave its name to
Yangihissar gecko (''Cyrtopodion elongatum'') lizard species, which occurs throughout eastern
Central Asia, including Xinjiang and
Gansu Province.
Notable persons
*
Isa Alptekin, Uyghur nationalist
*
Erkin Alptekin, 1st President of the
World Uyghur Congress
*
Arken Imirbaki
*
Yulbars Khan
Gallery
File:KKH.png, Map of the Karakoram Highway
The Karakoram Highway (, ), also known as the KKH, National Highway 35 (), N-35, and the ChinaPakistan Friendship Highway, is a National Highways of Pakistan, national highway which extends from Hasan Abdal in the Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab p ...
including Yengisar
File:NJ-43-7 Ying-Chi-Sha, China.jpg, Map including Yengisar (labeled as YING-CHI-SHA) ( ACIC, 1969)
File:STANFORD(1917) p61 PLATE19. SINKIANG (14597194848).jpg, Map including Yengisar (labeled as Yangihissar) (1917)
File:Txu-oclc-6654394-nj-43-5th-ed.jpg, Map including Yengisar (labeled as YING-CHI-SHA (YANGI HISSAR)) and surrounding region from the International Map of the World ( AMS, 1966)
File:Operational Navigation Chart G-7, 6th edition.jpg, From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Yengisar (Ying-chi-sha) ( DMA, 1980)
File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 g-7a.jpg, Map including Yengisar (Ying-chi-sha) ( DMA, 1984)
File:Yengisar Knife Factory.jpg, Yengisar Knife Factory
File:抵达英吉沙县.jpg, Yengisar
File:英吉沙街景 - Streetview of Yengisar County - 2015.04 - panoramio.jpg
Notes
References
{{Authority control
County-level divisions of Xinjiang
Populated places along the Silk Road
Kashgar Prefecture