Ye Htoon
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Ye Htoon, (; ) also known as Roland Chan Htoon , (1937 – 7 May 2010) was a prominent Burmese lawyer, sometime-jailed
political dissident A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established Political system, political or Organized religion, religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, a ...
, and a successful entrepreneur, and one of the notables of the now-extinct Scouting movement in Burma.


Early life and education

Ye Htoon was the eldest son of
Chan Htoon , image = File:U Chan Htoon.JPG , alt = , caption = , birth_name = , birth_date = Maung Maung 2008: 568 , birth_place = , death_date = , death_place = , nationality = Burma, Burmese , other_names = , known_f ...
, former
Attorney General In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general (: attorneys general) or attorney-general (AG or Atty.-Gen) is the main legal advisor to the government. In some jurisdictions, attorneys general also have executive responsibility for law enf ...
and
Associate Justice An associate justice or associate judge (or simply associate) is a judicial panel member who is not the chief justice in some jurisdictions. The title "Associate Justice" is used for members of the Supreme Court of the United States and some ...
of the Supreme Court and the architect of the first
constitution of Burma The Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar () is the supreme law of Myanmar. Myanmar's first constitution adopted by constituent assembly was enacted for the Union of Burma in 1947. After the 1962 Burmese coup d'état, a second ...
in 1947, and Khin Khin Thein. He attended Myoma National High School, Ananda College, Colombo, Sri Lanka and Thacher School, Ojai Valley, California, was a 1961 graduate of
Bucknell University Bucknell University is a Private college, private Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal-arts college in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1846 as the University at Lewisburg, it now consists of the College of Arts a ...
, and received a postgraduate
Bachelor of Law A Bachelor of Laws (; LLB) is an undergraduate law degree offered in most common law countries as the primary law degree and serves as the first professional qualification for legal practitioners. This degree requires the study of core legal subje ...
degree from the
Rangoon University The University of Yangon (also Yangon University; , ; formerly Rangoon College, University of Rangoon and Rangoon Arts and Sciences University), located in Kamayut, Yangon, is the oldest university in Myanmar's modern education system and the b ...
in 1965. His wife Onma Maw was the daughter of statesman
Ba Maw Ba Maw (, ; 8 February 1893 – 29 May 1977), known honorifically as Dr. Ba Maw, was a Burmese lawyer and politician, active during the interwar period and Second World War. He was the first Burma Premier (1937–1939) and head of State of Bu ...
, the first Prime Minister and the Head of State of Burma.


Career

Ye Htoon served as the last
Director General A director general, general director or director-general (plural: ''directors general'', ''general directors'', ''directors-general'', ''director generals'' or ''director-generals'') is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer ...
of the Union of Burma Boy Scouts and Girl Guides, and reported that the
military government A military government is any government that is administered by a military, whether or not this government is legal under the laws of the jurisdiction at issue or by an occupying power. It is usually administered by military personnel. Types of m ...
dissolved the Union of Burma Boy Scouts, on 1 March 1964. He was under detention for the first time from 1962 to 1963 for alleged participation in the ''7 July Upheaval''. He was arrested again from November 1971 to July 1972 for his connection with Burmese expatriates and foreign firms, and action was taken against him the third time in January 1975 for participation in what has come to be known as the ''
U Thant Thant ( ; 22 January 1909 – 25 November 1974), known honorifically as U Thant (), was a Burmese diplomat and the third secretary-general of the United Nations from 1961 to 1971, the first non-Scandinavian as well as Asian to hold the positio ...
crisis'', student-led protests over the shabby treatment by the
Ne Win Ne Win (; ; 24 May 1911 – 5 December 2002), born Shu Maung (; ), was a Burmese army general, politician and Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974, and also President of Burma from 1962 to 1981. Ne Win was Burma's mili ...
government of the remains of U Thant which were crushed by the military government, when he was given a 10-year prison term. He was freed in July 1980 under the Government's Amnesty Order No. 2180. He was detained in June 1986, accused of involvement in illegal dollar transaction, but was freed two weeks later under a personal surety.The Conspiracy of Treasonous Minions within the Myanmar and Traitorous Cohorts Abroad
from PDF via Google
He was a pioneer in bringing digital switching
telephone exchange A telephone exchange, telephone switch, or central office is a central component of a telecommunications system in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or in large enterprises. It facilitates the establishment of communication circuits ...
s to Burma, and has amassed a vast experience with the country's economic system. A business consultant to many international companies, he was Chairman of Maw Htoon and Partners Co., Ltd., Shambhala Tours Co., Ltd., Shambhala Financial Services and the Myanmar Thai Gypsum Co., Ltd. At a lengthy press conference on 9 September 1989,
State Law and Order Restoration Council State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...
First Secretary Brigadier General
Khin Nyunt Khin Nyunt (; ; born 23 October 1939) is a retired Burmese army general widely recognized for his influential role in shaping Myanmar's political dynamics. Serving as the Chief of Intelligence and Prime Minister of Myanmar from 25 August 2003 ...
stated, "Fifty-two persons including Ye Htoon, who were in charge of the ''underground youth organization'' and who were trying to cause unrest in the country, were interrogated, and consequently documentary and other evidence (was) seized... We received information that a person called Ye Htoon, resident at 5/A Po Sein Road, Bahann Township, had been in contact with an organization called 'Da Nya Ta' ( Alliance for Democratic Solidarity, Union of Burma) led by Thanmani Bo Khin Maung, and was aiding and abetting that group's work from
Yangon Yangon, formerly romanized as Rangoon, is the capital of the Yangon Region and the largest city of Myanmar. Yangon was the List of capitals of Myanmar, capital of Myanmar until 2005 and served as such until 2006, when the State Peace and Dev ...
since. Information was also received that he had formed the underground youth organization called FFB ( National Freedom Fighters of Burma) and was striving to cause unrest in the country under his supervision; the National Intelligence Bureau called in and interrogated 52 persons including Ye Htoon beginning 31 July 1989." Ye Htoon was picked up, had his teeth kicked out and was sentenced to 19 years hard-labor rigorous imprisonment, for participating in the 1988 democratic uprising. The specific crime, according to the junta, was that he had met
Bertil Lintner Bertil Lintner (born 1953) is a Swedish journalist, author and strategic consultant who has been writing about Asia for nearly four decades. He was formerly the Burma (Myanmar) correspondent of the now defunct ''Far Eastern Economic Review'', an ...
and provided him with information. He was also accused of being a
ghostwriter A ghostwriter is a person hired to write literary or journalistic works, speeches, or other texts that are credited to another person as the author. Celebrities, executives, participants in timely news stories, and political leaders often h ...
for ''Outrage'', a book authored by Lintner. He was imprisoned for four years, from 1989 to 1993. Ye Htoon, as the leader of the Myanmar Mingala Foundation, appeared to be making preparations for the 2010 Burmese elections before his death.


See also

*
Min Ko Naing Paw Oo Tun ( ; born 18 October 1962), better known by his alias Min Ko Naing ( , lit. "conqueror of kings"), is a leading democracy activist and dissident from Myanmar. He has spent most of the years since 1988 imprisoned by the state for his op ...
*
Tin Tun Tin Tun (, ) (born 20 November 1944 in Rangoon) is a formerly jailed Burmese political dissident, Olympic boxer, and one of the pioneers of the now-extinct Scouting movement in that country, imprisoned under the Publishing and Printing Act in ...


References


External links


About Shambhala Company Limited
* *''Forty Years and Beyond'' published by the Asia-Pacific Regional Office, 1997 {{DEFAULTSORT:Ye Htoon 1937 births 2010 deaths Burmese activists 20th-century Burmese businesspeople 20th-century Burmese lawyers Burmese prisoners and detainees Scouting and Guiding in Myanmar Scouting pioneers University of Yangon alumni Alumni of Ananda College Place of birth missing Place of death missing The Thacher School alumni Bucknell University alumni