The Yazidids () or Mazyadids (after their ancestor Mazyad al-Shaybani) or Shaybanids (after
Banu Shayban), were an
Arab
Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world.
Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years ...
family what came to rule over the region of
Shirvan (in
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...
) in the mid 9th century. Starting from
Haytham ibn Khalid's assumption of the ancient Iranian title of ''
Shirvanshah'' in 861, they practically broke free of
Abbasid
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 C ...
control and was therefore out of scope for most chroniclers of the Caliphate.
Branches
The dynasty was named after
Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani, an Abbasid
Governor
A governor is an politician, administrative leader and head of a polity or Region#Political regions, political region, in some cases, such as governor-general, governors-general, as the head of a state's official representative. Depending on the ...
of
Arminiya
Arminiya, also known as the Ostikanate of Arminiya (, ''Hayastani ostikanut'yun'') or the Emirate of Armenia (, ''imārat armīniya''), was a political and geographic designation given by the Muslim Arabs to the lands of Greater Armenia, Cauca ...
h. Yazidid dynasty was first generation of whole independent
Shirvanshahs. Dynasty ruled both
Shirvan and
Layzan, until latter invaded
Shamakhy and united crowns.
The dynasty was a vassal and tributary state to
Sallarids,
Sajids and others. The Mazyadid reign is largely unexplored due to lack of sources. Sometimes numismatic evidences are the only sources about reign and existence of shahs.
Genealogy
* Mazyad b. Za'ida
**
Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani,
Ostikan (d. )
*** Muhammad ibn Yazid,
Ostikan ()
***
Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani,
Ostikan (d. )
***
Khalid ibn Yazid al-Shaybani,
Ostikan (802–844)
****
Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Shaybani,
Ostikan (
****
Haytham I,
Shirvanshah (861–?)
*****
Muhammad I,
Shirvanshah
******
Haytham II,
Shirvanshah
*******
Ali I,
Shirvanshah (?–917)
******** Abbas
********* Abu Bakr
**** Yazid ibn Khalid,
Layzanshah (861–?)
*****
Muhammad I,
Layzanshah (?–917)
******
Yazid I
Yazid ibn Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan (; 11 November 683), commonly known as Yazid I, was the second caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from April 680 until his death in November 683. His appointment by his father Mu'awiya I () was the first ...
(917–948)
******* Abd ul-Badr ibn Yazid
******* Ahmad,
Emir of Derbent ()
******** Abul-Haytham
*******
Muhammad II —
Layzanshah (917–948),
Tabasaranshah (917–948),
Shirvanshah (948–956)
********
Haytham ibn Muhammad,
Tabasaranshah (948–?)
********
Ahmad
Ahmad () is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other English spellings of the name include Ahmed. It is also used as a surname.
Etymology
The word derives from the root ( ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from ...
,
Layzanshah (948–956),
Shirvanshah (948–981)
*********
Muhammad III (981–991)
*********
Yazid II
Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (; — 26 January 724), commonly known as Yazid II, was the ninth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 720 until his death in 724. Although he lacked administrative or military experience, he derived prestige from his ...
(991–1027)
********** ''Became ancestor of
Kasranids''
********* Haytham ibn Ahmad,
Tabasaranshah (?–1025)
** Ahmad,
Ostikan ()
The Mazyadids were succeeded by
Kasranids which is regarded as the start of the cultural
Persianization of Shirvan.
References
Sources
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Medieval history of Azerbaijan
Arab dynasties
Banu Shayban
Shirvanshahs
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