Yan (), sometimes known in historiography as Jie Yan (), was a short-lived monarchical state in the vicinity of present-day

Beijing Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as ...

at the beginning of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Yan, established by

Liu Shouguang Liu Shouguang () (died February 16, 914) was a warlord early in the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period who controlled Lulong (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing) and Yichang (義昌, headquartered in modern Cangzhou, Hebei) Cir ...

in 911, only lasted for two years before its destruction by

Li Cunxu Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (), personal name Li Cunxu (), nickname Yazi (), stage name Li Tianxia (), was the second ruling prince of the Former Jin dynasty (r. 908–923) who later became the founding emperor of the Later Tang dynasty ...

of the Former Jin dynasty. As the only ruler of Yan, Liu Shouguang was noted for his cruelty. The state of Yan was therefore sometimes referred to as ''Jie Yan'', in reference to the tyrannical ruler Jie of the

Xia dynasty The Xia dynasty (; ) is the first dynasty in traditional Chinese historiography. According to tradition, it was established by the legendary figure Yu the Great, after Emperor Shun, Shun, the last of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, Fiv ...

References

* {{5d10k Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Former countries in Chinese history 911 establishments 910s disestablishments States and territories established in the 910s States and territories disestablished in the 910s 10th-century establishments in China 10th-century disestablishments in China