Yagur () is a
kibbutz
A kibbutz ( / , ; : kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1910, was Degania Alef, Degania. Today, farming has been partly supplanted by other economi ...
in
northern Israel
The Northern District (; ) is one of Israel's six administrative districts. The Northern District has a land area of 4,473 km2, making it the second largest district in Israel.
The Golan Heights has been run as a sub-district of the North ...
. Located on the northeastern slopes of
Mount Carmel
Mount Carmel (; ), also known in Arabic as Mount Mar Elias (; ), is a coastal mountain range in northern Israel stretching from the Mediterranean Sea towards the southeast. The range is a UNESCO biosphere reserve. A number of towns are situat ...
, about 9 km southeast of
Haifa
Haifa ( ; , ; ) is the List of cities in Israel, third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in . The city of Haifa forms part of the Haifa metropolitan area, the third-most populous metropolitan area i ...
, it falls under the jurisdiction of
Zevulun Regional Council. In it had a population of , making it one of the two largest kibbutzim in the country.
Name
The name Yagur was taken by the founding members from a nearby Arab village called "
Yajur". There is a site with a similar name (Yagur) mentioned in the
Book of Joshua
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament, and is the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Israel from the conquest of Canaan to the Babylonian captivity, Babylonian exile. It tells of the ...
(), though it was located in territory belonging to the
Tribe of Judah
According to the Hebrew Bible, the tribe of Judah (, ''Shevet Yehudah'') was one of the twelve Tribes of Israel, named after Judah (son of Jacob), Judah, the son of Jacob. Judah was one of the tribes to take its place in Canaan, occupying it ...
, far to the south.
History
Yagur was founded in 1922 by a
settlement group called ''Ahva'' ''(Brotherhood)''.
At first, the members worked drying up the
swamp
A swamp is a forested wetland.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p. Swamps are considered to be transition zones because both land and water play a role in ...
s surrounding the
Kishon River
The Kishon River (, ; , – ''the intermittent river''; alternative Arabic, ) is a river in Israel that flows into the Mediterranean Sea near the city of Haifa.
Course
The Kishon River is a perennial stream in Israel. Its furthest source is t ...
and preparing the land for permanent settlement. They established various agricultural divisions and the kibbutz began to grow.
On 11 April 1931 three members of the kibbutz were killed by members of a cell of the
Black Hand.
During the
Mandate era, Yagur was an important center for the
Haganah
Haganah ( , ) was the main Zionist political violence, Zionist paramilitary organization that operated for the Yishuv in the Mandatory Palestine, British Mandate for Palestine. It was founded in 1920 to defend the Yishuv's presence in the reg ...
. During
Operation Agatha
Operation Agatha (Saturday, June 29, 1946), sometimes called Black Sabbath () or Black Saturday because it began on the Jewish sabbath, was a police and military operation conducted by the British authorities in Mandatory Palestine during the J ...
on 29 June 1946, the
British army
The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve perso ...
conducted a major raid on the kibbutz and located a major
arms depot hidden there after receiving a tip from informants. More than 300 rifles, some 100 2-inch mortars, more than 400,000 bullets, some 5,000 grenades and 78 revolvers were confiscated. Many members of the kibbutz were arrested.
Economy
The economy is now based on diversified
agriculture
Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...
and
industry
Industry may refer to:
Economics
* Industry (economics), a generally categorized branch of economic activity
* Industry (manufacturing), a specific branch of economic activity, typically in factories with machinery
* The wider industrial sector ...
. The kibbutz operates a 5-month work-study program for young adults (18-28) in which participants learn conversational
Hebrew
Hebrew (; ''ʿÎbrit'') is a Northwest Semitic languages, Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family. A regional dialect of the Canaanite languages, it was natively spoken by the Israelites and ...
and work in the kibbutz.
Notable people

*
Yisrael Bar-Yehuda (1895–1965),
Knesset
The Knesset ( , ) is the Unicameralism, unicameral legislature of Israel.
The Knesset passes all laws, elects the President of Israel, president and Prime Minister of Israel, prime minister, approves the Cabinet of Israel, cabinet, and supe ...
member
*
Uziel Gal (1923–2002), designer of the
Uzi submachine gun
*
Yoel Marcus (1932–2022),
Haaretz
''Haaretz'' (; originally ''Ḥadshot Haaretz'' – , , ) is an List of newspapers in Israel, Israeli newspaper. It was founded in 1918, making it the longest running newspaper currently in print in Israel. The paper is published in Hebrew lan ...
commentator
*
Itamar Marzel
Itamar Marzel (; born May 16, 1949) is an Israeli former basketball player. He played the point guard position. He played in the Israeli Premier Basketball League, and for the Israel national basketball team.
Biography
Marzel was born in Israel, ...
(born 1949), basketball player
*
Yoram Taharlev
Yoram Taharlev (; 24 January 1938 – 6 January 2022) was an Israeli poet, lyricist, and author. He wrote lyrics for hundreds of songs recorded by prominent composers and performers.
Biography
Yoram Taharlev was born on Kibbutz Yagur to Yaffa ...
(1938–2022), poet, lyricist, author
*
Ruth Westheimer
Karola Ruth Westheimer (née Siegel; June 4, 1928 – July 12, 2024), better known as Dr. Ruth, was a German and American sex therapist and talk show host.
Westheimer was born in Germany to a Jewish family. As the Nazis came to power, her paren ...
German-American sex therapist
*
Assaf Yaguri (1931–2000), Knesset member
Gallery
Image:The camp of gdud 'Shomeria'.jpg, Shomeria pioneer group at Yagur, 1921
File:יגור - מראה כללי-JNF029030.jpeg, Yagur 1926
File:יגור - צילום אויר-JNF035082.jpeg, Yagur 1939
File:יגור - מראה כללי-JNF022034.jpeg, Yagur 1945
File:Kibutz Yagur after the Black Shabath (Operation Agatha) H ih 040.JPG, A room in Kibbutz Yagur after a weapon search conducted during Operation Agatha
Operation Agatha (Saturday, June 29, 1946), sometimes called Black Sabbath () or Black Saturday because it began on the Jewish sabbath, was a police and military operation conducted by the British authorities in Mandatory Palestine during the J ...
.
File:Yagur.jpg, Members of the Yiftach Brigade training at Yagur, 1948
File:נחל יגור בזרימה חזקה באזור הסכר בכנעסה לקיבוץ יגור.jpg, Nahal Yagur after rainfall
References
Further reading
*''Sefer Yagur'', circa 1961-1962, published by the kibbutz to commemorate the 40th anniversary
*''Yagur as it is'', undated, circa 1971-1972, published by the kibbutz to commemorate the 50th anniversary
External links
Kibbutz websiteKibbutz Yagur Collection(in Hebrew) on the Digital collections of
Younes and Soraya Nazarian Library
The Younes and Soraya Nazarian Library is a central academic library of the University of Haifa, and one of the largest in Israel. It is also one of the most progressive Israeli libraries in terms of service, collection, physical space, and libra ...
, University of Haifa
{{Authority control
Kibbutzim
Kibbutz Movement
Populated places established in 1922
Populated places in Haifa District
1922 establishments in Mandatory Palestine