''Xyleborus'' is by far the largest
ambrosia beetle
Ambrosia beetles are beetles of the weevil subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), which live in nutritional symbiosis with ambrosia fungi. The beetles excavate tunnels in dead or stressed trees into which they introduc ...
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
in the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
Xyleborini
Xyleborini are a tribe of ambrosia beetles (alternatively called subtribe Xyleborina of tribe Scolytini), highly specialized weevils of the subfamily Scolytinae. Much of the ambrosia beetle fauna in Eurasia and the Americas consists of Xyleborini ...
, with over 500
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
.
[MSU (2004)]
''Xyleborus'' nowadays includes a number of formerly independent genera. In addition, the genera ''
Coptoborus'', ''
Cryptoxyleborus'' and ''
Euwallacea'' are often included here, too; this may be correct, as they seem to be closely related. Less often, ''
Ambrosiodmus
''Ambrosiodmus'' is a genus of typical bark beetles in the family Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 ...
'', ''
Premnobius
''Premnobius'' is a genus of typical bark beetles in the family Curculionidae. There are more than 30 described species in ''Premnobius''.
Species
These 32 species belong to the genus ''Premnobius'':
* '' Premnobius adjunctus'' Bright & Skidmor ...
'' and ''
Xyleborinus
''Xyleborinus'' is a genus of typical bark beetles in the family Curculionidae. There are more than 80 described species in ''Xyleborinus''.
Species
These 89 species belong to the genus ''Xyleborinus'':
* ''Xyleborinus aduncus'' Wood & Bright, ...
'' are included in ''Xyleborus'', but they seem to be well distinct; ''Premnobius'' might even not belong to the Xyleborini at all.
The different species can be best differentiated by the gallery burrows they build and the tree species they infest. A significant member, ''
X. dispar'', causes
pear blight.
Selected species
* ''
Xyleborus affinis
''Xyleborus affinis'', the sugarcane shot-hole borer, is a species of ambrosia beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found on all continents with woodlands and is one of the most widespread ambrosia beetles internationally, primarily in areas ...
''
Eichhoff, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus atratus''
Eichhoff, 1875
* ''
Xyleborus californicus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
Wood, 1975 - may belong in ''
Cyclorhipidion''
* ''
Xyleborus celsus
''Xyleborus celsus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North Am ...
''
Eichhoff, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus cryptographus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus dispar''
(Fabricius, 1792)
* ''
Xyleborus dryographus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus eurygraphus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus ferrugineus
''Xyleborus ferrugineus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera a ...
''
(Fabricius, 1801)
* ''
Xyleborus glabratus
''Xyleborus glabratus'', the redbay ambrosia beetle, is a type of ambrosia beetle invasive species, invasive in the United States. It has been documented as the primary Vector (epidemiology), vector of ''Raffaelea lauricola'', the fungus that ca ...
''
Eichhoff, 1877
* ''
Xyleborus horridus
''Xyleborus horridus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North ...
''
Eichhoff, 1869
* ''
Xyleborus impressus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
Eichhoff, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus intrusus
''Xyleborus intrusus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North ...
''
Blandford, 1898
* ''
Xyleborus inurbanus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* Xyleborus (beetle), ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* Xyleborus (lichen), ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Broun, 1880)
* ''
Xyleborus monographus
''Xyleborus monographus'', the Mediterranean oak borer, is a species of ambrosia beetle in the family Curculionidae.
It is native to oaks in the regions around the Mediterranean Sea, but since 2019 has been found in California, where the oak tree ...
''
(Fabricius, 1792)
* ''
Xyleborus obesus''
LeConte, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus pelliculosus''
Eichhoff, 1878 - may belong in ''Cyclorhipidion''
* ''
Xyleborus perforans''
(Wollaston, 1857)
* ''
Xyleborus pfeilii''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus planicollis''
Zimmermann, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus pubescens''
Zimmermann, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus sayi
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Hopkins, 1915)
* ''
Xyleborus similis''
Ferrari, 1867
* ''
Xyleborus viduus''
Eichhoff, 1878
* ''
Xyleborus volvulus
''Xyleborus volvulus'' is a species of typical bark beetles in the family Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera an ...
''
(Fabricius, 1775)
* ''
Xyleborus xylographus''
(Say, 1826)
See also
*
List of Xyleborus species
Footnotes
References
* (2004): PEET Xyleborini
''Xyleborus'' species list Retrieved 2008-JUL-08.
Scolytinae
Curculionidae genera
{{Scolytinae-stub