The Xubu (;

LHC The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) between 1998 and 2008, in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists, and ...

: *''sio-pok'') was a tribe of the

Xiongnu The Xiongnu (, ) were a tribal confederation of Nomad, nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese historiography, Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Eurasian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD. Modu Chanyu, t ...

that flourished between 3rd century BCE and the 4th century CE. Chinese annals noted that the Xubu tribe replaced the Huyan tribe, which was an earlier maternal dynastic tribe of the dynastic union with the paternal dynastic tribe

Luandi The Luandi (; alternatively written as Xulianti ) was the ruling clan of the Xiongnu that flourished from the 3rd century BCE to 4th century CE. The form Luandi comes from the '' Book of Han'', while the form Xulianti comes from the '' Book of Lat ...

. The traditional system of conjugal unions is a form of the nomadic exogamic society. The male members of the maternal dynastic line were not eligible to be ''chanyu'', only the male members of the Luandi line, whose father was a Luanti Chanyu, and mother was a Xubu

Khatun Khatun ( ) is a title of the female counterpart to a Khan (title), khan or a khagan of the Göktürks, Turkic Khaganates and in the subsequent Mongol Empire. Etymology and history Before the advent of Islam in Central Asia, Khatun was the title of ...

(Queen) were eligible to be ''chanyu''. A Xubu could only become a ''chanyu'' after a palace coup. The Huyan tribe moved from the Right (Western) Wing, where the maternal dynastic tribe is traditionally assigned, to the Left (Eastern) Wing. The ''

Book of the Later Han The ''Book of the Later Han'', also known as the ''History of the Later Han'' and by its Chinese name ''Hou Hanshu'' (), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Lat ...

'' (chapter 89, l. 7b) stated that of the noble tribes other than Luanti, Huyan, Xubu, Qiulin and Lan, Huyan already belonged to the dominating Left Wing, and Lan and Xubu belonged to the Right Wing. The ''Book of the Later Han'' also names the dynastic Luandi tribe with a composite name Xulianti, implying a merger of the two dynastic lines. Xubu was a tribe that held some of the highest positions in the Eastern Xiongnu society, including the position of

within the tribal confederacy, and the State Judge. A male head of the Xubu tribe held the third highest position in the state, Right Tuqi-prince. In that position, the Right Tuqi-prince managed the daily affairs of the state, headed a considerable division of the army, was a first adviser to the c''hanyu'', and managed foreign relations. Frequently, the Right Tuqi-prince was sent as a personal envoy of the ''chanyu'' to resolve difficult international problems, the Chinese annals often mention the Right Tuqi-prince in that capacity. The earliest annalistic record that mentioned a Xiongnu prince by name refers to the events of 121 BCE, when Yuli Prince Hunxie killed Prince Xiutu and led 40,000 cavalry to surrender to the Han Empire,Bichurin N.Ya., ''"Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times"'', vol. 1, p. 39 establishing a 200,000 Xubu population in Northern China.

Notes

References

*Wang, Zhonghan (2004). "Outlines of Ethnic Groups in China." Taiyuan: Shanxi Education Press. . p. 134. *Lin, Gan (1986). "A Comprehensive History of Xiongnu." Beijing: People's Press. CN / K289. p. 11-12. * ''

Book of Han The ''Book of Han'' is a history of China finished in 111 CE, covering the Western, or Former Han dynasty from the first emperor in 206 BCE to the fall of Wang Mang in 23 CE. The work was composed by Ban Gu (32–92 CE), ...

'', vol. 94a. * ''

Book of Later Han The ''Book of the Later Han'', also known as the ''History of the Later Han'' and by its Chinese name ''Hou Hanshu'' (), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Late ...

'', vol. 89. * Bichurin N.Ya., ''"Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times,"'' vol. 1, Sankt Petersburg, 1851. * Taskin B.S., ''"Materials on Sünnu history,"'' Science, Moscow, 1968 (In Russian). {{DEFAULTSORT:Suibu (Tribe) Han dynasty Luanti Luanti

See also

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