''Xenorhina bidens'' is a

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough ski ...

in the family

Microhylidae The Microhylidae, commonly known as narrow-mouthed frogs, are a geographically widespread family (biology), family of frogs. The 683 species are in 57 genera and 11 subfamilies. Evolution A molecular phylogenetic study by van der Meijden, et al. ...

. It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...

and found between

Lorentz River The Lorentz River (also Unir or Undir in Indonesian, or Noordrivier in Dutch) is located in the Indonesian province of South Papua in Western New Guinea, about 3,500 km northeast of the Indonesian capital Jakarta.Fly River The Fly River is the third longest river on the island of New Guinea, after the Sepik and Mamberamo, with a total length of . It is the largest by volume of discharge in Oceania, the largest in the world without a single dam in its catchment, an ...

in the east, thus being present in both West Papua (

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

) and

Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n ...

. Common name Digul River fanged frog has been coined for it, in reference to

Digul River The Digul River () is a major river in South Papua province, Indonesia, on the island of New Guinea. It is the fourth longest river in New Guinea after Sepik, Mamberamo, and Fly. With a total length of and a drainage basin of . Course The rive ...

where the

type series In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally associated. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes t ...

was collected in 1904 or 1905.

Description

Adult females grow to at least in snout–vent length. The body is stout. The head is moderately narrow but broader than it is long. The snout is pointed and projecting, with slightly warty point; skin is smooth elsewhere. The eyes are small. The tympanum is visible. The fingers have no discs but the toes are slightly dilated terminally and could be interpreted as having small discs. Colouration is brown above, with some patterning: a few darker markings on the back and legs, and some mottling in the upper lip. A light vertebral stripe may also be present. The ventral surfaces are mottled with dark and light brown.

Habitat and conservation

There is little specific information about ecology of this species, but its natural

habitat In ecology, habitat refers to the array of resources, biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. A species' habitat can be seen as the physical manifestation of its ...

is presumably lowland rainforest where it lives on the forest floor, probably at elevations of no more than . The diet includes ants. Threats to this species are unknown. It is also unknown whether it is present in any protected areas.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2210491

bidens ''Bidens'' is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae.''Bidens''.
...

Endemic fauna of New Guinea Amphibians of Papua New Guinea Amphibians of Western New Guinea Amphibians described in 1909 Taxa named by Pieter Nicolaas van Kampen Taxonomy articles created by Polbot