Xanthidae

Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus ''Vibrio'' living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly '' V. alginolyticus'' and '' V. parahaemolyticus''.

Classification

Many species formerly included in the family Xanthidae have since been moved to new families. Despite this, Xanthidae is still the largest crab family in terms of species richness, with 572 species in 133 genera divided among the thirteen subfamilies:

* Actaeinae Alcock, 1898
**'' Actaea'' De Haan, 1833
**'' Actaeodes'' Dana, 1851
**'' Actaeops'' † Portell & Collins, 2004
**''Allactaea'' Williams, 1974
**''Epiactaea'' Serène, 1984
**''Epiactaeodes'' Serène, 1984
**'' Forestia'' Guinot, 1976
**''Gaillardiellus'' Guinot, 1976
**'' Heteractaea'' Lockington, 1877
**'' Lobiactaea'' T. Sakai, 1983
**''Meractaea'' Serène, 1984
**''Novactaea'' Guinot, 1976
**'' Odhneria'' T. Sakai, 1983
**'' Paractaea'' Guinot, 1969
**''Paractaeopsis'' Serène, 1984
**''Phlyctenodes'' † A. Milne-Edwards, 1862
**''Platyactaea'' Guinot, 1967
**'' Psaumis'' Kossmann, 1877
**'' Pseudactaea'' Serène, 1962
**''Pseudoliomera'' Odhner, 1925
**''Pseudophlyctenodes'' † Busulini, Tessier & Beschin, 2006
**'' Rata'' Davie, 1993
**''Serenius'' Guinot, 1976
* Antrocarcininae Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
**''Antrocarcinus'' Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
**'' Cyrtocarcinus'' Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
**''Glyptocarcinus'' Takeda, 1973
* Chlorodiellinae Ng & Holthuis, 2007
**''Chlorodiella'' Rathbun, 1897
**'' Cyclodius'' Dana, 1851
**'' Garthiella'' Titgen, 1986
**''Liocarpiloides'' Klunzinger, 1913
**''Pilodius'' Dana, 1851
**''Sulcodius'' P. F. Clark & Ng, 1999
**''Tweedieia'' Ward, 1935
**''Vellodius'' Ng & Yang, 1998
* Cymoinae Alcock, 1898
**'' Cymo'' De Haan, 1833
* Etisinae Ortmann, 1893
**''Etisus'' H. Milne-Edwards, 1834
**''Paraetisus'' Ward, 1933
* Euxanthinae Alcock, 1898
**'' Alainodaeus'' Davie, 1993
**''Batodaeus'' Vázquez-Bader & Gracia, 2004
**''Carpoporus'' Stimpson, 1871
**'' Cranaothus'' Ng, 1993
**'' Crosnierius'' Serène & Vadon, 1981
**'' Danielea'' Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
**''Edwardsium'' Guinot, 1967
**'' Epistocavea'' Davie, 1993
**''Euxanthus'' Dana, 1851
**''Guinotellus'' Serène, 1971
**'' Hepatoporus'' Serène, 1984
**'' Hypocolpus'' Rathbun, 1897
**''Ladomedaeus'' Števčić, 2005
**''Lipaesthesius'' Rathbun, 1898
**'' Medaeops'' Guinot, 1967
**'' Medaeus'' Dana, 1851
**'' Miersiella'' Guinot, 1967
**'' Monodaeus'' Guinot, 1967
**''Olenothus'' Ng, 2002
**'' Palatigum'' Davie, 1997
**''Paramedaeus'' Guinot, 1967
**''Pleurocolpus'' Crosnier, 1995
**'' Pseudomedaeus'' Guinot, 1968
**''Rizalthus'' Mendoza & Ng, 2008
**''Visayax'' Mendoza & Ng, 2008
* Glyptoxanthinae Mendoza & Guinot, 2011 
**''Glyptoxanthus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
* Kraussiinae Ng, 1993
**'' Garthasia'' Ng, 1993
**'' Kraussia'' Dana, 1852
**''Palapedia'' Ng, 1993
* Liomerinae T. Sakai, 1976
**''Actiomera'' Ng, Guinot & Davie, 2008
**'' Bruciana'' Serène, 1977
**''Liomera'' Dana, 1851
**'' Meriola'' Davie, 1993
**'' Neoliomera'' Odhner, 1925
**'' Neomeria'' † C.-H. Hu & Tao, 1996
**'' Paraliomera'' Rathbun, 1930
* Polydectinae Dana, 1851
**'' Lybia'' H. Milne-Edwards, 1834
**'' Polydectus'' H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
* Speocarcininae Števčić, 2005
**''Speocarcinus'' Stimpson, 1859
*Trichia
**''Trichia dromiaeformis''
* Xanthinae MacLeay, 1838
**'' Cataleptodius'' Guinot, 1968
**'' Coralliope'' Guinot, 1967
**''Cycloxanthops'' Rathbun, 1897
**'' Demania'' Laurie, 1906
**'' Ectaesthesius'' Rathbun, 1898
**'' Epixanthops'' Serène, 1984
**''Eucratodes'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1880
**''Euryxanthops'' Garth & Kim, 1983
**''Garthiope'' Guinot, 1990
**'' Gaudichaudia'' Rathbun, 1930
**'' Gonopanope'' Guinot, 1967
**''Guitonia'' Garth & Iliffe, 1992
**''Jacforus'' Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
**''Juxtaxanthias'' Ward, 1942
**'' Lachnopodus'' Stimpson, 1858
**''Leptodius'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1863
**''Liagore'' De Haan, 1833
**''Linnaeoxanthus'' Števčić, 2005
**'' Lioxanthodes'' Calman, 1909
**''Macromedaeus'' Ward, 1942
**'' Marratha'' Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
**'' Megametope'' Filhol, 1886
**'' Megamia'' † Karasawa, 1993
**''Melybia'' Stimpson, 1871
**'' Metaxanthops'' Serène, 1984
**'' Metopoxantho'' † De Man, 1904
**'' Microcassiope'' Guinot, 1967
**'' Micropanope'' Stimpson, 1871
**''Nanocassiope'' Guinot, 1967
**'' Nectopanope'' Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891
**''Neolioxantho'' Garth & Kim, 1983
**'' Neoxanthias'' Ward, 1932
**''Neoxanthops'' Guinot, 1968
**'' Orphnoxanthus'' Alcock, 1896
**''Ovatis'' Ng & H.-I. Chen, 2004
**'' Palaeoxanthops'' † Karasawa, 1993
**''Paraxanthias'' Odhner, 1925
**''Paraxanthodes'' Guinot, 1968
**'' Paraxanthus'' Lucas, 1844
**'' Xanthias'' Rathbun, 1897
**''Xantho'' Leach, 1814
**'' Xanthodius'' Stimpson, 1859
* Zalasiinae Serène, 1968
**''Banareia'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1869
**''Calvactaea'' Ward, 1933
**''Zalasius'' Rathbun, 1897
* Zosiminae Alcock, 1898
**'' Atergatis'' De Haan, 1833
**''Atergatopsis'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1862
**'' Lophozozymus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1863
**''Paratergatis'' T. Sakai, 1965
**''Platypodia'' Bell, 1835
**'' Platypodiella'' Guinot, 1967
**'' Pulcratis'' Ng & Huang, 1977
**'' Zosimus'' Leach, 1818
**'' Zozymodes'' Heller, 1861
*''Incertae sedis''
**'' Haydnella'' † Müller, 1984
**'' Nogarolia'' † Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 1994
**'' Sculptoplax'' † Müller & Collins, 1991

References

External links

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{{Taxonbar, from=Q648406

Xanthoidea
Decapod families