The PSA XUD is a

diesel engine The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which Combustion, ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to Mechanics, mechanical Compr ...

designed and built by PSA —

Peugeot Peugeot (, , ) is a French automobile brand owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was established in 1810, making it the oldest car company in the world. On 20 November 1858, Émile Peugeot applie ...

and

Citroën Citroën ()The double-dot diacritic over the 'e' is a diaeresis () indicating the two vowels are sounded separately, and not as a diphthong. is a French automobile brand. The "Automobiles Citroën" manufacturing company was founded on 4 June 19 ...

. It is an

Indirect injection Indirect injection in an internal combustion engine is fuel injection where fuel is not directly injected into the combustion chamber. Gasoline engines equipped with indirect injection systems, wherein a fuel injector delivers the fuel at some p ...

(IDI) engine, that uses a version of the Ricardo Consulting Engineers ''Ricardo Comet V'' prechamber cylinder head design. The engine comes in , , and 2.1-liter displacements. The 2.1 has 12 valves, all displacements were built either naturally aspirated or

turbocharged In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into the ...

. The XUD was the predecessor to the HDI range of engines. Early HDi Engines were a PSA design, later 16-valve engines were jointly developed with Ford.

Design

The XUD was available with either

SOHC An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine in which the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combus ...

8-valve or 12-valve heads. It was mainly applied transversally in

front wheel drive Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of internal combustion engine, engine and transmission (mechanics), transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel-drive vehicles feature ...

vehicles, tilted by 30°. However, some applications in non-PSA vehicles had the engine installed longitudinally, with

rear-wheel drive Rear-wheel drive (RWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the rear wheels only. Until the late 20th century, rear-wheel drive was the most common configuration for cars. Most rear-whee ...

. The XUD is built in Citroën's plant in Trémery, near

Metz Metz ( , , , then ) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle (river), Moselle and the Seille (Moselle), Seille rivers. Metz is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Moselle (department), Moselle Departments ...

. Displacement ranges between , and all XU diesel engines have a stroke of either . The former was shared with the XU9. Bore sizes range from , some of which are also shared with other XU engines. Upon its release the engine was noted as one of the best

s (for cars and light vans) in the world with its high power output and refinement it made all other diesel engines seem agricultural. It was also particularly light, with a ready-to-run XUD9 weighing , 15% less than a comparable diesel of the previous generation.

Vegetable oil fuel

The engine, because it is

indirect injection Indirect injection in an internal combustion engine is fuel injection where fuel is not directly injected into the combustion chamber. Gasoline engines equipped with indirect injection systems, wherein a fuel injector delivers the fuel at some p ...

, with a slower combustion burn time than direct injection, is suitable to run on SVO (pure

vegetable oil Vegetable oils, or vegetable fats, are oils extracted from seeds or from other parts of edible plants. Like animal fats, vegetable fats are ''mixtures'' of triglycerides. Soybean oil, grape seed oil, and cocoa butter are examples of seed ...

). A feature of the Ricardo Comet pre-chamber design is that it makes the engine tolerant of low Cetane value fuels such as SVO. The viscosity of vegetable oil when cold is too great for rotary

injection pump An injection pump is the device that pumps fuel into the cylinders of a diesel engine. Traditionally, the injection pump was driven indirectly from the crankshaft by gears, chains or a toothed belt (often the timing belt) that also drives the ca ...

s, (in particular the weaker

Lucas Lucas or LUCAS may refer to: People * Lucas (surname) * Lucas (given name) Arts and entertainment * Luca Family Singers, or the Lucas, a 19th-century African-American singing group * Lucas, a 1960s Swedish pop group formed by Janne Lucas Perss ...

CAV pump, the Bosch VE fuel pump is superior), preventing it from acting as a lubricant and increasing the workload on the distributor/rotary injection pump and damaging it. The Lucas EPIC pump fitted to the 2.1 L 12 valve

turbo-diesel The term turbo-diesel, also written as turbodiesel and turbo diesel, refers to any diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger. As with other engine types, turbocharging a diesel engine can significantly increase its efficiency and power output, ...

engine after 1995 is the weakest pump of all.

XUD7

The XUD7 has a displacement of , with a bore and a stroke of . Output is for the

naturally aspirated A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a turboc ...

version or for the

model. An

intercooled An intercooler is a heat exchanger used to cool a gas after compression. Often found in turbocharged engines, intercoolers are also used in air compressors, air conditioners, refrigeration and gas turbines. Internal combustion engines Most ...

turbocharged version was introduced later, with on tap. All are Diesel engines.

XUD9

The XUD9 has a displacement of , with a bore and a stroke of . Both turbocharged and

versions were produced. Most turbocharged versions feature an intercooler, although a limited number of installations in the

Citroën Xantia The Citroën Xantia (pronounced "Zan–ti–a") is a large family car (D-segment, D) produced by the French automaker Citroën, and designed by Gruppo Bertone, Bertone. Presented to the press in December 1992, the car was produced between 1992 a ...

featured a Turbocharger without intercooler. Both engines also featured either a Bosch or a Lucas mechanical fuel pump and injectors. The engine version with the Bosch pump is known to have been run with vegetable oil. The original XUD9 engine is known as the "square port" engine, as its cylinder head has square exhaust ports. Later (and noticeably improved) XUD9A engines have oval ports. PSA Group licensed a modified version of the naturally aspirated version of the engine with a catalytic converter designated the XUD9/Z to

Hyundai Hyundai is a former South Korean industrial conglomerate ("''chaebol''"), which was restructured into the following groups: * Hyundai Group, parts of the former conglomerate which have not been divested ** Hyundai Asan, a real estate construction ...

which was rated at 50kw. It was used in the European specification of the

Lantra Sector skills councils (SSCs) are employer-led organisations that cover specific industries in the United Kingdom. They were introduced by Adult Skills Minister, Rt Hon John Healey MP in 2002, while the architect of the policy was Tom Bewick, a ...

(1996–1999).

XUD11

The XUD11 was available in two displacements: * — XUD11 A naturally aspirated * — XUD11 ATE/BTE turbocharged Both were 12-valve SOHC engines with a stroke. The naturally aspirated ''XUD11 A'' was bored to for a total displacement of , while the turbocharged ''ATE/BTE'' versions were reduced in bore to for a total of . The BTE engines used a Lucas EPIC (Electronically Programmed Injection Control) fuel pump, whereas the ATE engines used a Bosch injection pump with a throttle cable.

Vehicles

The engine has been installed into the following vehicles: *

Auverland Auverland (''Société nouvelle des automobiles Auverland''), now grouped with Panhard, is a French manufacturer of Jeep-like four-wheel-drive and armoured fighting vehicles. It bought Panhard from Peugeot in April 2005, and in a reverse takeov ...

A3 *

Citroën BX The Citroën BX is a large family car which was produced by the French manufacturer Citroën from 1982 to 1994. In total, 2,315,739 BXs were built during its 12-year history. The hatchback was discontinued in 1993 with the arrival of the Xantia, ...

Citroën Visa The Citroën Visa is a five-door, front-engine, front wheel drive supermini car, supermini manufactured and marketed by Citroën from 1978 to 1988 in gasoline and diesel variants. 1,254,390 examples were ultimately manufactured over a single gene ...

Citroën C15 The Citroën C15 is a panel van produced by the France, French manufacturer Citroën from late 1984 until 2006. It was the successor to the Citroën Acadiane, which had replaced the Citroën 2CV vans that pioneered the box van format from the ...

Citroën ZX The Citroën ZX is a Compact car, small family car produced by the French manufacturer Citroën between 1991 and 1998. At the beginning of the 1990s, the ZX was Citroën's entry in the class traditionally dominated in Europe by the Ford Escort ( ...

* Citroën Xsara *

Citroën Berlingo The Citroën Berlingo and Peugeot Partner are a range of vans produced since 1996 and marketed under the Citroën and Peugeot marques. They are sold as light commercial vehicles or as a passenger Minivan, multi-purpose-vehicle variant with rear ...

* Citroën XM * Eurovan (PSA/Fiat joint venture)

Sevel Sevel S.p.A. (acronym of "Società Europea Veicoli Leggeri" – "Société Européenne de Véhicules Légers" (''European Light Vehicle Company'')) is an Italian automotive company which produces light commercial vehicles. It was first establis ...

Nord **Citroën Evasion/Synergie/C8 **Citroën Jumpy (Dispatch in UK) **Fiat Ulysse **Fiat Scudo **Peugeot 806/807 **

Peugeot Expert Peugeot (, , ) is a French automobile brand owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was established in 1810, making it the oldest car company in the world. On 20 November 1858, Émile Peugeot applie ...

**Lancia Zeta/Phedra *

Sud — Larger Panel Van PSA/Fiat Ducato joint venture **

Citroën C25 The Fiat Ducato is a light commercial vehicle jointly developed by FCA Italy and PSA Group (currently Stellantis), and mainly manufactured by Sevel, a joint venture between the two companies since 1981. It has also been sold as the Citroën C2 ...

Citroën Jumper The Fiat Ducato is a light commercial vehicle jointly developed by FCA Italy and PSA Group (currently Stellantis), and mainly manufactured by Sevel, a joint venture between the two companies since 1981. It has also been sold as the Citroën C2 ...

(Relay in UK) ** Peugeot J5 (Talbot Express in UK) **

Peugeot Boxer Peugeot (, , ) is a French automobile brand owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was established in 1810, making it the oldest car company in the world. On 20 November 1858, Émile Peugeot applie ...

* FSO Polonez/Caro *

Honda Concerto The Honda Concerto is a car produced from 1988 to 1996. Designed to aim at European tastes, it was jointly developed by Honda and the Austin Rover Group and was introduced in Japan on 15 June 1988, and in European markets in October 1989. Japanes ...

(badge engineered Rover 200 diesel for European market) * Hyundai Lantra *

Lada Niva The Lada Niva Legend, formerly called the Lada Niva, VAZ-2121, VAZ-2131, and Lada 4×4 (), is a series of four-wheel drive, small (hatchback), and compact (wagon and pickup) Off-road vehicle, off-road cars designed and produced by AvtoVAZ sinc ...

* LDV 200/Pilot *

Peugeot 205 The Peugeot 205 is a four-passenger, front-engine, supermini ( B-segment) car manufactured and marketed by Peugeot over a sixteen-year production run from 1983 to 1999, over a single generation. Developed from ''Projet'' M24 and introduced on 2 ...

* Peugeot 305 * Peugeot 306 * Peugeot 309 *

Peugeot 405 The Peugeot 405 is a large family car manufactured by the French automaker Peugeot from 1987 to 1997. Its production continued under license from outside Europe in Iran by Iran Khodro Company until 2020. It was voted European Car of the Year for 1 ...

* Peugeot 406 * Peugeot 605 *

Peugeot Partner Peugeot (, , ) is a French automobile brand owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was established in 1810, making it the oldest car company in the world. On 20 November 1858, Émile Peugeot applie ...

* Suzuki Baleno * Suzuki Samurai (Santana) * Suzuki Vitara (Santana) * Talbot Horizon * Tata Telcoline / Tata Telcosport *

Rover 200 The Rover 200 Series, and later the Rover 25, are a series of small family cars that were produced by former British manufacturer Rover (marque), Rover from 1984 until 2005. There have been three distinct generations of the Rover 200. The firs ...

Rover 400 The Rover 400 Series, and later the Rover 45, are a series of small family cars that were produced by the British manufacturer Rover from 1990 to 2005. The cars were co-developed as part of Rover's collaboration with Honda. The first-generation ...

Toyota Corolla The is a series of compact cars (formerly Subcompact car, subcompact) manufactured and marketed globally by the Japanese automaker Toyota Motor Corporation. Introduced in 1966, the Corolla was the best-selling car worldwide by 1974 and has bee ...

* UMM Alter 2000

References

Guide des moteurs Peugeot Citroën
(in French) {{DEFAULTSORT:Psa Xud XUD Peugeot engines Diesel engines by model Straight-four engines Honda engines Rover engines Hyundai engines Suzuki engines Toyota engines Fiat engines fr:XU (moteur)