''Wucai'' (五彩, "Five colours", "Wuts'ai" in
Wade-Giles) is a style of decorating white
Chinese porcelain in a limited range of colours. It normally uses
underglaze cobalt blue for the design outline and some parts of the images, and
overglaze enamels in red, green, and yellow for the rest of the designs. Parts of the design, and some outlines of the rest, are painted in underglaze blue, and the piece is then
glazed and fired. The rest of the design is then added in the overglaze enamels of different colours and the piece fired again at a lower temperature of about 850°C to 900°C.
It has its origins in the ''
doucai'' technique. The usual distinction made with ''doucai'', which also combines underglaze blue with overglaze enamels in other colours, is that in ''wucai'' only parts of the design include blue, and these cover wider areas, and are often rather freely painted. In ''doucai'' the whole design is outlined in the blue, even if parts are overlaid by the enamels and invisible in the finished product. Some parts may also be painted in the blue. However, this is not true of all pieces classified as ''doucai'', especially from the 18th century onwards. Fragments of incomplete examples, only done in blue, have been excavated from waste tips at the kiln.
[Sotheby's]
The next development, ''
Famille verte'' (康熙五彩, ''Kangxi wucai'', also 素三彩, ''Susancai''), adopted in the
Kangxi period (1662–1722), uses green and
iron red with other overglaze colours developed from ''wucai'', normally without any use of underglaze blue.
In Japan it is pronounced ''gosai'' and was initially imported. ''
Kinrande'' is a form that developed out of this during the time of the Ming dynasty.
Notes
References
* "Grove", Medley, Margaret,
Oxford Art Online
Oxford Art Online is an Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world. Its first book was printed in Oxford in 1478, with the Press ...
, section "Ming; Jingdezhen porcelains, Polychome" in "China, §VIII, 3: Ceramics: Historical development"
* Medley, Margaret, ''The Chinese Potter: A Practical History of Chinese Ceramics'', 3rd edition, 1989, Phaidon,
* Nillson, Jan-Eric
"Doucai Chinese porcelain decoration" in ''Chinese porcelain glossary'', Gotheborg.com
* Pierson, Stacey, ''From Object to Concept: Global Consumption and the Transformation of Ming Porcelain'', 2013, Hong Kong University Press, , 9789888139835
google books* "Sotheby's"
Sotheby's Hong Kong, Sale HK0545 Lot: 1, 8 April 2014
* Valenstein, S. (1998).
A handbook of Chinese ceramics', Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. (fully online)
External links
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Chinese porcelain
Types of pottery decoration