The

Willys Willys (pronounced , "Willis") was a brand, brand name used by Willys–Overland Motors, an American automobile company, founded by John Willys, John North Willys. It was best known for its design and production of World War II–era Willys MB, ...

F4-134 Hurricane was an inline-4 F-head

piston engine A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more Reciprocating motion, reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a Circular motion, rotating motion. This article ...

that powered the M38A1 military Jeep in 1952, followed by the famous

Jeep CJ The Jeep CJ models are a series and a range of small, open-bodied off-road vehicles and compact pickup trucks, built and sold by several successive incarnations of the Jeep automobile marque from 1945 through 1986. The 1945 Willys "Universal Jee ...

in the CJ-3B, CJ-5, and CJ-6 models. It was also used in the Willys 473 and 475 pickups, wagons, and sedan deliveries. It replaced the Willys Go Devil engine that was used in the MB Jeep and other early Jeep-based models like the Jeepster. This engine was also built by

Mitsubishi The is a group of autonomous Japanese multinational companies in a variety of industries. Founded by Yatarō Iwasaki in 1870, the Mitsubishi Group traces its origins to the Mitsubishi zaibatsu, a unified company that existed from 1870 to 194 ...

for their license-built Jeep, for other applications.

Design

The Hurricane was based on the earlier Go-Devil

flathead engine A flathead engine, also known as a sidevalve engine''American Rodder'', 6/94, pp.45 & 93. or valve-in-block engine, is an internal combustion engine with its poppet valves contained within the engine block, instead of in the cylinder head, a ...

. To enhance power from the engine, the induction system was changed from the Go-Devil's side-valve configuration to an inlet-over-exhaust configuration, or "F-head". This allowed the valves to be larger and the combustion chamber to be smaller, improving flow and increasing the

compression ratio The compression ratio is the ratio between the maximum and minimum volume during the compression stage of the power cycle in a piston or Wankel engine. A fundamental specification for such engines, it can be measured in two different ways. Th ...

. The compression ratio rose from 6.5:1 in the Go-Devil engine to 7.5:1 in the Hurricane engine, although a version of the Hurricane engine was made with a 6.9:1 compression ratio.

F134

The L134 Go Devil was updated with the F-head to become the F134 in 1950.

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, p. 74. This engine produced a gross output of at 4000 rpm and of torque at 2000 rpm with a 7.5:1 compression ratio. The gross power and torque outputs decreased to and , respectively, when the engine had a 6.9:1 compression ratio. Bore and stroke dimensions were the same as the L-head engine at x inches, giving .

, p. 236 The F4-134 was introduced in 1950 in the Jeep Truck. Willys vehicles with this engine were designated 4-73 model. This engine was unavailable in the CJ series until the introduction of the CJ-3B version in 1953, which had a distinctive high hood to accommodate the much taller engine. Production of this engine continued through 1971, which was after

American Motors Corporation American Motors Corporation (AMC; commonly referred to as American Motors) was an American automobile manufacturing company formed by the mergers and acquisitions, merger of Nash-Kelvinator Corporation and Hudson Motor Car Company on May 1, 19 ...

(AMC) purchased Kaiser Jeep in 1970. Applications: * 1950–1961 Willys Jeep Truck * 1950–1961 Willys Jeep Wagon * 1950

Willys-Overland Jeepster The Jeepster is an automobile originally produced by Willys-Overland Motors from 1948 until 1950. It was developed to fill a gap in the company's product line, crossing over from their "utilitarian" proto SUVs and trucks to the passenger aut ...

* 1952–1971 Willys M38A1 * 1953 Willys 475A Lark * 1953–1968 Willys CJ-3B * 1955–1971 CJ-5 * 1956–1971 CJ-6 * 1965-1967 DJ-5 * 1966–1971 Jeepster Commando

F161

The F6-161 Hurricane is an F-head version of the L6-161 Lightning flathead straight six. It was available in the Model 685 Station Wagon. BF-161 The BF-161 has a inch bore and a inch stroke, a one-barrel

carburetor A carburetor (also spelled carburettor or carburetter) is a device used by a gasoline internal combustion engine to control and mix air and fuel entering the engine. The primary method of adding fuel to the intake air is through the Ventu ...

, and an output of at 4400 rpm and of torque at 2000 rpm. Its displacement features a compression ratio of 7.6:1. 2600 The 2600 was the same BF-161 engine made in Brazil by Willys-Overland's subsidiary, but it had two one-barrel carburetors (simultaneously opened) and had an output of at 4400 rpm and of torque at 2000 rpm. The compression ratio remained 7.6:1. 3000 The 3 L version is almost identical to the BF-161 engine, with the stroke increased to , giving it a displacement of . With a two-barrel carburetor, it produced at 4400 rpm and of torque at 2000 rpm. It also had a slightly higher compression ratio of 8:1. It initially used a different head with a removable intake manifold. After Ford acquired Willys-Overland do Brasil, they reverted the engine to its former head design with an integral intake manifold. Ford also improved the cooling between cylinders 5 and 6 as well as incorporating a side-mounted oil filter instead of the front-mounted, hose-connected system designed by Willys. Applications: * 1951–1952 Willys Aero * 1960–1971 Willys Aero 2600 * 1960-1974 Willys-Overland

Jeep Jeep is an American automobile brand, now owned by multi-national corporation Stellantis. Jeep has been part of Chrysler since 1987, when Chrysler acquired the Jeep brand, along with other assets, from its previous owner, American Motors Co ...

and Rural Willys * 1968–1971 Willys Itamaraty 3000 * 1972-1974 Ford Maverick six-cylinder version in Brazil

Super Hurricane

1955 Jeep Willys Utility Wagon 2013 FL AACA-h

The 6-226 "Super Hurricane" was an L-head 6-cylinder Allen, p. 101. from

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with a bore of inches and stroke of inches, giving a displacement of . Horsepower rating is at 3600 rpm or at 3650 rpm, as well as a torque rating of at 1400 rpm or at 1800 rpm, depending on the year of production.

Mitsubishi versions

Mitsubishi built a version of the Hurricane from 1954 as the JH4 (69 hp), primarily for use in their license-built version of the

. They later developed a overhead-valve diesel version of the same, called KE31. This was also turned into a 3.3 L six-cylinder version with the same internal dimensions, producing , which was named KE36. These diesel engines were used in the Jeep, but also in many light to medium-weight trucks and buses.

Stellantis engine

The 3.0-liter inline-6, called Hurricane turbo engine, developed in 2022 for use in Ram, Jeep, and Dodge vehicles, is unrelated to the original Willys Hurricane versions.

References

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Hurricane A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system with a low-pressure area, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depending on its ...

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