William Harrison Gallup (May 17, 1840 – October 26, 1929) was an American journalist and politician. Gallup was born on May 17, 1840, in

Summit, New York Summit is a town in Schoharie County, New York, United States. The population was 1,072 at the time of the 2020 census.United States Census Bureau, 2020 U.S. Census Results, Summit town, Schoharie County, New York https://www.census.gov/search-r ...

, to parents Nathan Gallup and Pamela Baird. After attending schools in Warnerville,

Charlotteville Charlotteville is a village lying on the northeastern tip of Tobago on Man-o-War Bay. History The first European settlement on Man-o-War Bay was part of the colony of Nieuw Walcheren established by Jan de Moor, the burgomaster of Vlissingen ...

, and Fredonia, and a seminary, he began teaching. In 1859, Gallup enrolled at the

State and National Law School The State and National Law School was an early practical training law school founded in 1849 by John W. Fowler in Ballston Spa, New York. It was also known as New York State and National Law School, Ballston Law College, and Fowler's State and ...

. Upon earning his law degree, he began practicing law in

Newburgh Newburgh (''"new"'' + the English/Scots word ''"burgh"'') may refer to: Places Scotland *Newburgh, Fife, a former royal burgh *Newburgh, Aberdeenshire, a village England *Newburgh, Lancashire, a village * Newburgh, North Yorkshire, a village ...

. Gallup subsequently moved west, settling in

Marshalltown, Iowa Marshalltown is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, and is the county seat of the county. With a population of 27,591 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the 16th largest city in the state. Marshalltown is home to the Iowa Vetera ...

in May 1861, where he continued his practice of law for some time. Gallup began his journalism career by acquiring the ''Marshalltown Times'' in October 1861. During the

Siege of Vicksburg The siege of Vicksburg (May 18 – July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg campaign of the American Civil War. In a series of maneuvers, Union Major General Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed th ...

, Gallup transformed the ''Times'' into the first daily publication on the section of the

Chicago and North Western Railway The Chicago and North Western was a Railroad classes#Class I, Class I railroad in the Midwestern United States. It was also known as the "North Western". The railroad operated more than of track at the turn of the 20th century, and over of t ...

between

Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...

and

Council Bluffs Council Bluffs is a city in and the county seat of Pottawattamie County, Iowa, Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. The population was 62,799 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the state's List of cities in Iowa, te ...

. He moved to Boonsboro in December 1864 and founded the ''Boone Standard''. By 1870, Gallup became publisher of

Nevada, Iowa Nevada ( ) is a city in, and the county seat of Story County, Iowa, United States. The population was 6,925 in the 2020 census, an increase from 6,658 in 2000. Nevada is part of the Ames, Iowa Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a part of ...

's ''Nevada Representative''. Gallup ran in the 1875 Iowa Senate election as a Republican and won the District 45 seat. He was redistricted in 1877 and remained on the

Iowa Senate The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the Iowa, state of Iowa with populations of approximately 60,927 per constituency, . Each Senat ...

through 1880, retiring and vacating the District 33 seat. Between 1887 and 1892, Gallup owned the ''Perry Chief'', headquartered in

Perry, Iowa Perry is a city in Dallas County, Iowa, United States, along the North Raccoon River. The population was 7,836 at the time of the 2020 Census. It is part of the Des Moines– West Des Moines Metropolitan Statistical Area. History Perry was ...

. Upon returning to Boone that year, Gallup invested in the ''Boone Republican'', and became sole owner of that publication by 1896. Three years later, he founded the ''Monthly Review and Advertiser'', serving as its publisher from February 1899 to March 1900. Gallup subsequently resumed editorial control and ownership of the ''Boone Standard'' in January 1902, retired in June 1908, and died at his home in Boone on October 26, 1929. Gallup was buried in Marshalltown's Riverside Cemetery, next to his wife, who had died in 1923.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gallup, William Harrison 1840 births 1929 deaths People from Boone, Iowa Republican Party members of the Iowa House of Representatives 19th-century members of the Iowa General Assembly 19th-century American lawyers New York (state) lawyers Iowa lawyers People from Schoharie County, New York Editors of Iowa newspapers 19th-century American newspaper founders State and National Law School alumni 20th-century American newspaper editors 20th-century American male writers American male journalists 19th-century American male writers