The Weir Group plc is a Scottish multinational engineering company headquartered in
Glasgow
Glasgow is the Cities of Scotland, most populous city in Scotland, located on the banks of the River Clyde in Strathclyde, west central Scotland. It is the List of cities in the United Kingdom, third-most-populous city in the United Kingdom ...
,
Scotland
Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
. It is listed on the
London Stock Exchange
The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is a stock exchange based in London, England. the total market value of all companies trading on the LSE stood at US$3.42 trillion. Its current premises are situated in Paternoster Square close to St Paul's Cath ...
and is a constituent of the
FTSE 100 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE, or, informally, the "Footsie" , is the United Kingdom's best-known stock market index of the 100 most highly capitalised blue chips listed on ...
.
History

The company was established in 1871 as an engineering firm by two brothers, George and James Weir, founding G. & J. Weir Ltd.
The Weir brothers produced numerous groundbreaking inventions in pumping equipment, primarily for the Clyde shipyards and the steam ships built there. These pumps became extremely well known for their use as
boiler feedwater pumps, and for ship's auxiliary equipment such as
evaporator
An evaporator is a type of heat exchanger device that facilitates evaporation by utilizing conductive and convective heat transfer, which provides the necessary thermal energy for phase transition from liquid to vapour. Within evaporators, a ci ...
s.
During 1886, the company established a new machine shop in
Cathcart alongside a recently extended railway line.
Under the leadership of
W D Weir, the company turned to producing munitions and war
materiel
Materiel or matériel (; ) is supplies, equipment, and weapons in military supply-chain management, and typically supplies and equipment in a commerce, commercial supply chain management, supply chain context.
Military
In a military context, ...
during the
First World War
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
. In addition to shells, it manufactured aero-engines and whole aircraft, including the
Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.2 fighter and bomber. By the end of the conflict, in excess of 1,100 aircraft had been completed by the firm.
In 1930 the company acquired Contraflo Condenser & Kinetic Air Pump Co, Westminster, in 1933 A. G. Mumford, Colchester, in 1958 Catton & Co (merged into Weir-Catton) and in 1960 the pump section of
Alley & MacLellan, Polmadie.
During the
interwar period
In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II ( ...
,
James George Weir (aviator, son of
James Galloway Weir) a director of the company formed the
Cierva Autogiro Company
The Cierva Autogiro Company was a British firm established in 1926 to develop the autogyro.
The company was set up to further the designs of Juan de la Cierva, a Spanish engineer and pilot, with the financial backing of James George Weir, a Scot ...
. G & J Weir would be a financial supporter of the company during its existence. In 1943, the firm provided the finances for the construction of the
W.9, an experimental helicopter, to
Air Ministry
The Air Ministry was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force and civil aviation that existed from 1918 to 1964. It was under the political authority of the ...
requirements.
The company was
first listed on the
London Stock Exchange
The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is a stock exchange based in London, England. the total market value of all companies trading on the LSE stood at US$3.42 trillion. Its current premises are situated in Paternoster Square close to St Paul's Cath ...
in 1946.
[ By this time, double-acting Weir steam pumps had become virtually standard fitment on British-built ]steamship
A steamship, often referred to as a steamer, is a type of steam-powered vessel, typically ocean-faring and seaworthy, that is propelled by one or more steam engines that typically move (turn) propellers or paddlewheels. The first steamships ...
s, being used for pumping water, fuel, air and numerous other materials, as well as being widely used on numerous foreign-built ships, well into the 1950s.
In December 1968, Weir Group issued an offer to purchase the rival British pump manufacturer Worthington-Simpson, following an offer by Studebaker-Worthington. During 1969, Studebaker-Worthington acquired Worthington-Simpson. After some negotiation, Weir's acquired 50% of Worthington Simpson. A new joint-venture company named Worthington Weir was set up to handle international sales of the two parent companies. The debt taken on by Weir to acquire their share of Worthington-Simpson was denominated in Deutsche Mark
The Deutsche Mark (; "German mark (currency), mark"), abbreviated "DM" or "D-Mark" (), was the official currency of West Germany from 1948 until 1990 and later of unified Germany from 1990 until the adoption of the euro in 2002. In English, it ...
s, and as that currency strengthened against both the Sterling and the Dollar
Dollar is the name of more than 25 currencies. The United States dollar, named after the international currency known as the Spanish dollar, was established in 1792 and is the first so named that still survives. Others include the Australian d ...
, it became increasingly expensive to service. While Worthington-Simpson was a profitable venture, it did not cover the cost of this debt.
In response to the company's debt burden, Weir Group was compelled to sell off numerous assets and undertook financial reorganization in 1981. Following this reorganization, Derald Ruttenberg and Jacob Rothschild gained effective control of 40% of the company; Ruttenberg became a board member. Amid the reorganization, the 3rd Viscount Weir, who had been chairman since 1972, stepped down to vice chairman. However, Lord Weir regained the chairmanship in 1983 and served in this role until 1999.
During 1989, the company acquired Hopkinsons, an Huddersfield
Huddersfield is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees in West Yorkshire, England. It is the administrative centre and largest settlement in the Kirklees district. The town is in the foothills of the Pennines. The River Holme's confl ...
-based company manufacturing valves and controls.
21st century
During July 2005, Weir sold its desalination
Desalination is a process that removes mineral components from saline water. More generally, desalination is the removal of salts and minerals from a substance. One example is Soil salinity control, soil desalination. This is important for agric ...
and water treatment businesses, (Weir Westgarth, Weir Entropie and Weir Envig) to Veolia Water
Veolia Water (formerly Vivendi Water, originally Compagnie Générale des Eaux) is the water industry, water division of the French company Veolia Environnement and the world's largest supplier of water services.
History
The Compagnie Génér ...
Systems, part of the water division of Veolia Environnement: Weir Westgarth had been a pioneer of the multi-stage flash distillation
Multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) is a water desalination process that distills sea water by flashing a portion of the water into steam in multiple stages of what are essentially countercurrent heat exchangers. Current MSF facilities may h ...
process used predominantly to produce desalinated water from seawater
Seawater, or sea water, is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of about 3.5% (35 g/L, 35 ppt, 600 mM). This means that every kilogram (roughly one liter by volume) of seawater has approximat ...
. During May 2007, the company sold its Glasgow
Glasgow is the Cities of Scotland, most populous city in Scotland, located on the banks of the River Clyde in Strathclyde, west central Scotland. It is the List of cities in the United Kingdom, third-most-populous city in the United Kingdom ...
-based business ''Weir Pumps'' to Jim McColl's Clyde Blowers plc, with the pump company subsequently being renamed to Clyde Pumps Ltd.
In early 2006, it was reported that, amid allegations that the company had paid a multi-million pound bribe
Bribery is the corrupt solicitation, payment, or acceptance of a private favor (a bribe) in exchange for official action. The purpose of a bribe is to influence the actions of the recipient, a person in charge of an official duty, to act contrar ...
to Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein (28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 until Saddam Hussein statue destruction, his overthrow in 2003 during the 2003 invasion of Ira ...
's Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and ...
, Weir Group acknowledged that it had parted company with several employees over the claims. In December 2010, Weir Group pleaded guilty to breaching UN sanctions imposed on Iraq between 2000 and 2002. Judge Lord Carloway of The High Court in Edinburgh fined the company £3m along with a confiscation order of £13.9m. Following this judgement, the company continued to operate in Iraq.
In 2010, Weir Group formed an agreement with the Japanese conglomerate Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational engineering, electrical equipment and electronics corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. MHI is one of the core companies of the Mitsubishi Group and its automobile division is the prede ...
to cooperate on pump-related work on new nuclear power stations.
During August 2011, the company announced record profits of £178 million, having risen during the first six months of the year by 24%; orders were also up substantially. One year later, the firm was involved in a bidding war for the Australian mining company Ludowici, but was ultimately outbid by the Danish engineering firm FLSmidth.
In 2014, Weir Group sought to discuss an envisioned merger between itself and the Finnish engineering firm Metso Corporation; however, the board of the latter unanimously rejected the initiative. A £3.7 billion bid to takeover Metso was similarly unsuccessful.
During February 2015, the company issued a profit warning predicting significant losses after the US shale
Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock formed from mud that is a mix of flakes of Clay mineral, clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g., Kaolinite, kaolin, aluminium, Al2Silicon, Si2Oxygen, O5(hydroxide, OH)4) and tiny f ...
market went through a contraction. In response, Weir Group opted to reduce its workforce by approximately 650. Due to the persistence of the oil market's downturn, further jobs cuts followed in late 2019.
In February 2019, the company sold their flow control division to First Reserve. That same year, Weir Group was awarded its largest ever order, valued at £100m, to supply mining equipment for a large iron ore scheme in Western Australia.
During the late 2010s, Weir Group decided that, following losses in its US-centric oil and gas activities, it would reorient towards the mining industry, for which it was developing new technologies to reduce environmental impact. During October 2020, the company sold their oil and gas division to the American equipment manufacturer Caterpillar Inc. in exchange for $405 million.
In April 2022, the company announced that it was withdrawing from its business activities within Russia following the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...
. That same year, Weir Group formed an alliance with Swiss Tower Mills Minerals AG to market the latter's vertical stirred grinding mills.
People
* William Weir, 1st Viscount Weir
William Douglas Weir, 1st Viscount Weir GCB PC (12 May 1877 – 2 July 1959) was a Scottish industrialist and politician, who served as President of the Air Council in 1918.
Early life
Weir was born in Glasgow in 1877, the eldest child of Ja ...
* William Weir, 3rd Viscount Weir
* James Kenneth Weir, 2nd Viscount Weir
* Robert Smith, Baron Smith of Kelvin
* Thomas Leith
See also
* List of oilfield service companies
This is a list of oilfield service companies – which provide services to the petroleum exploration and production industry but do not typically produce petroleum. In the list, notable subsidiary companies and divisions are listed as sub-lists o ...
References
Citations
Bibliography
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External links
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{{Authority control
Engineering companies of Scotland
Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange
1871 in Scotland
Manufacturing companies based in Glasgow
Companies established in 1871
Pump manufacturers
Companies in the FTSE 100 Index
Scottish brands