genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of trees and shrubs in the family
Cunoniaceae
Cunoniaceae is a family of 27 genera and about 335 species of woody plants in the order Oxalidales, mostly found in the tropical and wet temperate regions of the Southern Hemisphere. The greatest diversity of genera are in Australia and Tasmania ...
. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the
Mascarene Islands
The Mascarene Islands (, ) or Mascarenes or Mascarenhas Archipelago is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar consisting of islands belonging to the Republic of Mauritius as well as the French department of Réunion. Their na ...
(Mauritius and Réunion) in the western Indian Ocean.''Weinmannia'' L. ''
Plants of the World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
History
Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...
'', Kew Science. Accessed 14 April 2023. It is absent from mainland Africa and Australia, but some fossils have been attributed to ''Weinmannia'' in Australia.
Leaves are simple or pinnate, with a margin usually toothed, and interpetiolar stipules. Flowers are bisexual, white, arranged in racemes. The fruit is a capsule opening vertically from the top to the base. Seeds hairy without wings.
Weinmannia auriformis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Ecuador
* ''
Weinmannia baccariniana
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Venezuela and Peru
* ''
Weinmannia balbisiana
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia bangii
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Peru and Bolivia
* ''
Weinmannia boliviensis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Bolivia
* ''
Weinmannia brachystachya
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Peru and southern Venezuela
* ''
Weinmannia bradfordiana
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Ecuador
* ''
Weinmannia burserifolia
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
* ''
Weinmannia chryseis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Colombia and Peru
* ''
Weinmannia cinerea
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Peru
* ''
Weinmannia cochensis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Colombia and Ecuador
* ''
Weinmannia cogolloi
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Colombia
* ''
Weinmannia condorensis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Ecuador
* ''
Weinmannia corocoroensis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Venezuela
* ''
Weinmannia costulata
''Weinmannia costulata'' is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest
Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine clim ...
'' – southern Ecuador
* ''
Weinmannia crassifolia
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Peru and Bolivia
* ''
Weinmannia cundinamarcensis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Colombia, Peru, and western Bolivia
* ''
Weinmannia cymbifolia
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
'' – Peru
* ''
Weinmannia davidsonii
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia glabra
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia ibaguensis
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia laxiramea
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia mauritiana
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia oxapampana
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia paulliniifolia
''Weinmannia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the weste ...
Weinmannia pinnata
''Weinmannia pinnata'', commonly known as the bastard briziletto, is a species of tree in the family Cunoniaceae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, South America and the West Indies. It typically grows in wet habitats at high elevations, ...
Weinmannia tomentosa
''Weinmannia tomentosa'', the encenillo, is a tree native of the highlands of the Andean region of Colombia, which belongs to the family Cunoniaceae. A synonym for ''Weinmannia tomentosa'' is ''Windmannia tomentosa''.Weinmannia trianae'' – Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
* ''
Weinmannia trichosperma
''Weinmannia trichosperma'', the ''tineo'', is an evergreen tree in the family of Cunoniaceae, it is native to Chile and Argentina: 35 to 47°S. endemic (ecology), endemic to laurel forest habitat.
Description
''Weinmannia trichosperma'' grows ...
Unplaced name
In biological classification, a ''species inquirenda'' is a species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation. The use of the term in English-language biological literature dates back to at least the early nineteenth century.
The ter ...
s
*''
Weinmannia spiraeoides
''Weinmannia spiraeoides'' was a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It was endemic to Fiji
Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about nor ...
''
Taxonomy
Until recently the genus included five sections:
* ''Fasciculata'' (mostly Malesia, from Sumatra to Fiji)
* ''Inspersa'' (Madagascar)
* ''Leiospermum'' (mostly Pacific, from Bismarck archipelago to the Marquesas)
* ''Spicata'' (Madagascar and Comores)
* ''Weinmannia'' (Central and South America, Mascarenes)
A
phylogenomic
Phylogenomics is the intersection of the fields of evolution and genomics. The term has been used in multiple ways to refer to analysis that involves genome data and evolutionary reconstructions. It is a group of techniques within the larger fields ...
study by Pillon ''et al.'' (2021) concluded that ''Weinmannia'' was paraphyletic, and formed two distinct clades. The species belonging to the four
Old World
The "Old World" () is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously ...
sections – ''Fasciculatae, Inspersae, Spicatae'', and ''Leiospermum'' – formed a monophyletic group, which is sister to the Old World (mostly
New Caledonia
New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...
n) genera '' Cunonia'' and '' Pancheria''. Section ''Weinmannia'', which includes species from the Americas and the Mascarene Islands, is sister to the Old World assemblage. They proposed placing the four Old World sections into the revived genus '' Pterophylla'', with genus ''Weinmannia'' limited to the American and Mascarene species in section ''Weinmannia''.Pillon, Y., H. C. F. Hopkins, O. Maurin, N. Epitawalage, J. Bradford, Z. S. Rogers, W. J. Baker, and F. Forest. 2021. Phylogenomics and biogeography of Cunoniaceae (Oxalidales) with complete generic sampling and taxonomic realignments. ''
American Journal of Botany
The ''American Journal of Botany'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal which covers all aspects of plant biology. It has been published by the Botanical Society of America since 1914. The journal has an impact factor of 3.038, as of 20 ...