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Walter Arthur Copinger (14 April 1847 – 13 March 1910) was an English professor of law,
antiquary An antiquarian or antiquary () is an aficionado or student of antiquities or things of the past. More specifically, the term is used for those who study history with particular attention to ancient artifacts, archaeological and historic sit ...
and
bibliographer Bibliography (from and ), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from ). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes ''bibliography ...
.


Early life and education

Copinger was born on 14 April 1847 at
Clapham Clapham () is a suburb in south west London, England, lying mostly within the London Borough of Lambeth, but with some areas (most notably Clapham Common) extending into the neighbouring London Borough of Wandsworth. History Early history T ...
, the second son of Charles Louis George Emanuel Copinger and his wife Mary, widow of George James, and daughter of Thomas Pearson of
Shepperton Shepperton is an urban village in the Borough of Spelthorne, Surrey, approximately south west of central London. Shepperton is equidistant between the towns of Chertsey and Sunbury-on-Thames. The village is mentioned in a document of 959 AD an ...
, Surrey. Educated at the private school of John Andrews at Wellesley House, Brighton, he passed to
University College In a number of countries, a university college is a college institution that provides tertiary education but does not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies ...
, Durham, but left Durham without completing his course to enter the office of a relative who was a solicitor in London. He did not remain there long. In 1866 he was admitted a student of the
Middle Temple The Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, commonly known simply as Middle Temple, is one of the four Inns of Court exclusively entitled to call their members to the English Bar as barristers, the others being the Inner Temple, Gray's Inn ...
, and after spending a short time in the chambers of T. Bourdillon, a well-known conveyancing counsel, he was called to the bar on 26 January 1869. He had mastered the principal treatises of law, and especially the law of real property.


Career

In 1870 Copinger settled in
Manchester Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of City of Salford, Salford to ...
, and commenced practice as an equity draughtsman and
conveyancer In most Commonwealth countries, a conveyancer is a specialist lawyer who specialises in the legal aspects of buying and selling real property, or conveyancing. A conveyancer can also be (but need not be) a solicitor, licensed conveyancer, or a ...
, and in the chancery court of the
county palatine In England, Wales and Ireland a county palatine or palatinate was an area ruled by a hereditary nobleman enjoying special authority and autonomy from the rest of a kingdom. The name derives from the Latin adjective ''palātīnus'', "relating t ...
of
Lancaster Lancaster may refer to: Lands and titles *The County Palatine of Lancaster, a synonym for Lancashire *Duchy of Lancaster, one of only two British royal duchies *Duke of Lancaster *Earl of Lancaster *House of Lancaster, a British royal dynasty ...
. His work as a conveyancer increased: he ceased to take court work and became the leading conveyancer out of London, also consulted on questions of copyright. He was a lucid legal thinker with facility in drafting, and a vivid teacher to his pupils. After his call to the bar, Copinger turned his attention to the law of copyright, and in 1870 he published a work on the ''Law of Copyright in Works of Literature and Art'' (4th edit. 1904). Copinger continued to write on legal subjects, more particularly on conveyancing. In 1872 appeared an exhaustive ''Index to Precedents in Conveyancing;'' and in 1875 ''Title Deeds, their Custody and Production of other Documentary Evidence at Law and Equity.'' His ''Law of Rents with special Reference to the Sale of Land in Consideration of a Rent Charge'', which was written many years before, was published in 1886, in collaboration with Professor Munro. In 1876 he published ''An Essay on the Abolition of Capital Punishment,'' which, to his amusement, was so enthusiastically received by the abolitionists that his intention to publish another pamphlet demolishing all the arguments in the first was abandoned. In 1888 Copinger was appointed lecturer in law in
Owens College Owens may refer to: Places in the United States * Owens Station, Delaware * Owens Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota * Owens, Missouri * Owens, Ohio * Owens, Virginia People * Owens (surname), including a list of people with the name * Ow ...
, Manchester, and in 1892, on the resignation of Joseph Edwin Crawford Munro, he became professor of law, and finally dean of the faculty of law in the Victoria University. He received the
Lambeth degree A Lambeth degree is an academic degree conferred by the Archbishop of Canterbury under the authority of the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533 (25 Hen VIII c 21) (Eng) as successor of the papal legate in England. The degrees conferred most comm ...
of Doctor of Laws from Archbishop Benson in 1889, and that of M.A. from the Victoria University in 1905. He was president of the Manchester Law Society's Library, and of the East Anglians of Manchester and District. Copinger industriously pursued versatile interests. Besides being an expert in old property law, he was also a bibliographer and antiquarian, and took an interest in theology.


Bibliographer

Largely owing to Copinger's efforts, supported by
Richard Copley Christie Richard Copley Christie (22 July 1830 – 9 January 1901) was an English lawyer, university teacher, philanthropist and bibliophile. He was born at Lenton in Nottinghamshire, the son of a mill owner. He was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford ...
, the
Bibliographical Society Founded in 1892, The Bibliographical Society is the senior learned society dealing with the study of the book and its history in the United Kingdom. Largely owing to the efforts of Walter Arthur Copinger, who was supported by Richard Cople ...
was founded in London in 1892; he was the society's first president, and held the post for four years. His own work in the field, however, lacked accuracy. Between 1895 and 1898 Copinger published his major bibliographical work, the ''Supplement to Hain's Repertorium bibliographicum''. It comprises 7000 corrections of and additions to the collations of fifteenth-century works described or mentioned by Ludwig Hain, and a list of nearly 6000 works not referred to by Hain. This work extends to upwards of 1630 closely printed double-column pages. It must be used with caution. He contributed papers to the ''Transactions of the Bibliographical Society'', including a monograph on the fifteenth-century printed editions of
Virgil Publius Vergilius Maro (; traditional dates 15 October 7021 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil ( ) in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He composed three of the most famous poems in Latin literature: t ...
. In 1892 he published a folio volume on ''
Incunabula In the history of printing, an incunable or incunabulum (plural incunables or incunabula, respectively), is a book, pamphlet, or broadside that was printed in the earliest stages of printing in Europe, up to the year 1500. Incunabula were pro ...
Biblica'', a bibliographical account of 124 editions of the Latin Bible printed between 1450 and 1500. At his Manchester residence, The Priory, Greenheys, he set up a small press, at which he printed for private circulation four volumes: 1. ''Catalogue of the Copinger Collection of Editions of the Latin Bible'', 1893. 2. ''Corrections and Additions to the Catalogue of Incunabula in the Mazarin Library'', 1893. 3. Reprint of Leland's ''New Year's Gift to
Henry VIII Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and for his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disagr ...
'', 1895. 4. ''On the Authorship of the First Hundred numbers of the''
Edinburgh Review The ''Edinburgh Review'' is the title of four distinct intellectual and cultural magazines. The best known, longest-lasting, and most influential of the four was the third, which was published regularly from 1802 to 1929. ''Edinburgh Review'' ...
, 1895. Nos. 3 and 4 bear the serial title Bibliographiana''.


Antiquary

Copinger was interested also in genealogy, heraldry, and manorial history. In 1882 he published his ''History of the Copingers or Coppingers'' (new enlarged edit. 1884), in which he traces the descent of his family from the Danes in the tenth century, when they appear to have settled in
Suffolk Suffolk () is a ceremonial county of England in East Anglia. It borders Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south; the North Sea lies to the east. The county town is Ipswich; other important towns include L ...
and in the south of Ireland. In his last years he concentrated on the history of Suffolk. In 1902 he issued the ''History of the Parish of
Buxhall Buxhall is a village and a civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. The nearest town is Stowmarket. It is home to a public house, St Mary's Church, Buxhall Windmill Buxhall Mill is a tower mill at Buxhall, ...
'', of which he was
lord of the manor Lord of the Manor is a title that, in Anglo-Saxon England, referred to the landholder of a rural estate. The lord enjoyed manorial rights (the rights to establish and occupy a residence, known as the manor house and demesne) as well as s ...
. Between 1904 and 1907 the ''History of Suffolk as described by Existing Records'' (in 5 vols.) made its appearance together with the ''Manors of Suffolk: Notes on their History and Devolution'' (7 vols. 1905–11). He also compiled the ''History of the Smith-Carrington Family'' (2 vols. 1907), which was severely criticized for its dependence upon inauthentic sources, and wrote ''Heraldry Simplified'', which appeared in the year of his death.


Theology

In religion Copinger was member of the
Catholic Apostolic Church The Catholic Apostolic Church (CAC), also known as the Irvingian Church, is a Christian denomination and Protestant sect which originated in Scotland around 1831 and later spread to Germany and the United States.Imitatio Christi'', 1900; and
William Law William Law (16869 April 1761) was a Church of England priest who lost his position at Emmanuel College, Cambridge when his conscience would not allow him to take the required oath of allegiance to the first Hanoverian monarch, King George I. P ...
's ''Serious Call adapted to the Requirements of the Present Day,'' 1905.


Personal life

Copinger played several instruments, including the pianoforte and violin, and found time to compose a number of musical pieces, amongst which is a collection of seventy-five original hymn tunes. This collection, the ''Contributions to the Hymnody of the Church'', was first published in 1883 with thirty-five hymns in 1883 and enlarged to seventy-five hymns in 1885. An ardent book-collector, he accumulated a considerable library. It was rich in early printed books, Bibles, manuscripts, and printed editions of the ''Imitatio Christi'', hymn books, Elzevirs, and general works of reference. On 3 September 1873 Copinger married Caroline Agnes, eldest daughter of Thomas Inglis Stewart,
vicar A vicar (; Latin: '' vicarius'') is a representative, deputy or substitute; anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior (compare "vicarious" in the sense of "at second hand"). Linguistically, ''vicar'' is cognate with the English pr ...
of Landscove, Devon. She predeceased him, leaving two sons and three daughters. Copinger died at his residence in Manchester on 13 March 1910 from
pneumonia Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. The severi ...
following an attack of
influenza Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses. Symptoms range from mild to severe and often include fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pain, headache, coughing, and fatigue. These symptom ...
. He was buried at St James Birch, Rusholme, Manchester.


Legacy

Copinger's collection of manuscripts is now held by the
John Rylands Library The John Rylands Research Institute and Library is a late-Victorian neo-Gothic building on Deansgate in Manchester, England. It is part of the University of Manchester. The library, which opened to the public in 1900, was founded by Enriqu ...
, University of Manchester.Copinger-Hartland Manuscripts Collection
/ref>


Works

''Manors of Suffolk'' The final volume was compiled by his son, Harold Bernard Copinger (1880 - 1951)
''The Manors of Suffolk; Notes on their History and Devolution, with some illustrations of the Old Manor Houses'', Vol. 1
(1905) London: T. Fisher Unwin ( Babergh and Blackbourn Hundred)
''The Manors of Suffolk; Notes on their History and Devolution, with some illustrations of the Old Manor Houses'', Vol. 2
Manchester: Taylor, Garnett, Evans & co. ( Blything and Bosmere and Claydon Hundred)
''The Manors of Suffolk; Notes on their History and Devolution, with some illustrations of the Old Manor Houses'', Vol. 3
(1909) Manchester: Taylor, Garnett, Evans & co. ( Carlford, Colneis, Cosford and Hartismere Hundred)
''The Manors of Suffolk; Notes on their History and Devolution, with some illustrations of the Old Manor Houses'', Vol. 4
(1909) Manchester: Taylor, Garnett, Evans & co. (
Hoxne Hoxne ( ) is a village in the Mid Suffolk district of Suffolk, England, about five miles (8 km) east-southeast of Diss, Norfolk and south of the River Waveney. The parish is irregularly shaped, covering the villages of Hoxne, Cross Street a ...
, Lackford and
Loes Hundred Loes was a hundred of Suffolk, with an area of . Loes Hundred was long and thin in shape, around long and between 2 and wide. It followed the course of the River Deben from Cretingham to Ufford where it crossed Wilford Hundred to Woodbridge where ...
)
''The Manors of Suffolk; Notes on their History and Devolution, with some illustrations of the Old Manor Houses'', Vol. 5
(1905) London: T. Fisher Unwin ( Mutford and Lothingland, Plomesgate and Risbridge Hundred)
''The Manors of Suffolk; Notes on their History and Devolution, with some illustrations of the Old Manor Houses'', Vol. 6
(1910) Manchester: Taylor, Garnett, Evans & co. ( Samford, Colneis, Stow and
Thedwastre Hundred Thedwastre (also Thedwestry) was a hundred of the county of Suffolk, England covering an area of . It formed part of the Liberty of Saint Edmund, under the jurisdiction of the abbots of Bury St Edmunds. The hundred is about twelve miles (19&nbs ...
)
''The Manors of Suffolk; Notes on their History and Devolution, with some illustrations of the Old Manor Houses'', Vol. 7
(1911) Manchester: Taylor, Garnett, Evans & co. ( Thingoe, Thredling,
Wangford Wangford is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Wangford with Henham, in the East Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England, just off the A12 trunk road on the edge of the Henham Park estate just outside Southwold ...
and
Wilford Hundred Wilford is a hundred of Suffolk, consisting of . Wilford Hundred extends about southward from Debach to Woodbridge and from there along the eastern banks of the River Deben to Bawdsey and Hollesley Bay in the North Sea. It covers about of the ...
)


References

Attribution {{DEFAULTSORT:Copinger, Walter Arthur 1847 births 1910 deaths People from Clapham English bibliographers English legal writers English book and manuscript collectors Burials in Greater Manchester 19th-century English lawyers Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society