The

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

n island of

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

is almost entirely of

volcanic A volcano is commonly defined as a vent or fissure in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most often fo ...

origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 45 of which are considered active volcanoes. As is the case for many other Indonesian islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human history of Java. Indeed, land is created on Java as a result of lava flows, ash deposits, and mud flows (''lahars''). Volcanoes are a major contributor to the immense fertility of Java, as natural erosion transports volcanic material as

alluvium Alluvium (, ) is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is ...

to the island's plains, forming thick layers of fertile sediment. The benefit is not just in the immediate vicinity of the volcano, with fine ash emitted from eruptions being dispersed over wide areas. Climbing volcanoes (and other mountains) is increasingly popular.

List of volcanoes

This list is of volcanoes from the west of Java to the east. Local terminology and usage has the word ''Gunung'' (''mount or mountain'') precede the names.

West Java

Mount Cereme Mount Ciremai/Cereme (or ''Ciremay'') is a dominating symmetrical stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. It is located to the southwest of the major town of Cirebon. Mt Ciremai is strikingly visible towards the south from the main west–east ...

Stratovolcano * Mount Galunggung Stratovolcano *

Mount Gede Mount Gede (; in Sundanese) is a stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. The volcano contains two peaks with Mount Gede as one peak and Mount Pangrango for the other one. Three major cities, Cianjur, Sukabumi, and Bogor, are located in the volc ...

Stratovolcano * Mount Guntur Complex volcano * Kamojang Geothermal field * Karaha Crater Fumarole field * Gunung Karang Stratovolcano *

Mount Kendang Mount Kendang is a stratovolcano located in the border between Kertasari Subdistrict, Bandung Regency and Pasirwangi Subdistrict, Garut Regency, West Java, Indonesia. It contains four fumarole fields including Kawah Manuk, a broad, 2.75 km w ...

Stratovolcano * Mount Kendeng Stratovolcano * Mount Kiaraberes-Gagak Stratovolcano * Mount Malabar Stratovolcano * Mount Pangrango Stratovolcano * Mount Papandayan Complex stratovolcano * Mount Patuha Stratovolcano * Perbakti Stratovolcano * Mount Pulosari Stratovolcano *

Mount Salak Mount Salak (, ) is an eroded volcano in West Java, Indonesia. It has several satellite cones on its southeast flank and the northern foot, along with two additional craters at the summit. Mount Salak has been evaluated for geothermal power d ...

Stratovolcano * Mount Talagabodas Stratovolcano *

Mount Tampomas Mount Tampomas is a small andesitic stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. Young lava flows are found on the eastern flank of the volcano. The mountain was used as a source of construction rocks to build the nearby Mrica Hydroelectric Dam proje ...

Stratovolcano *

Tangkuban Parahu Tangkuban Perahu () is a stratovolcano in Lembang, West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. It erupted in 1826, 1829, 1842, 1846, 1896, 1910, 1926, 1929, 1952, 1957, 1961, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1983, 2013 and 2019. It is a popular tourist attra ...

Stratovolcano * Wayang-Windu Twin volcanoes

Central Java

Mount Slamet Mount Slamet (, "Salvation Mountain" or "Mountain of Health") is an active stratovolcano that summits in the Pemalang Regency of Central Java, Indonesia. It has a cluster of around three dozen cinder cones on the lower southeast and northeast f ...

Stratovolcano *

Dieng Volcanic Complex The Dieng Volcanic Complex () is a volcanic complex located on the Dieng Plateau in Central Java, Indonesia, a complex of volcanoes. The volcanic complex consists of two or more stratovolcanoes, more than 20 small Volcanic crater, craters, and Pl ...

Complex volcano * Mount Sundoro Stratovolcano * Mount Sumbing Stratovolcano * Mount Ungaran Stratovolcano * Mount Telomoyo Stratovolcano *

Mount Merbabu Mount Merbabu () is a dormant stratovolcano in Central Java province on the Indonesian island of Java. The name ''Merbabu'' could be loosely translated as 'Mountain of Ash' from the Javanese combined words; '' Meru'' means "mountain" and ''awu' ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Merapi Mount Merapi (, ) is an active stratovolcano located on the border between the province of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted regularly since 1548. It is loc ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Muria Mount Muria or Gunung Muria is a dormant stratovolcano on the north coast of Central Java, Indonesia, about 66 km north of Semarang city. It is located in three Regencies: Jepara on the west, Kudus on the south, and Pati on the east. Some ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Lawu The Lawu (), or Mount Lawu () is a massive compound stratovolcano straddling the border between East Java and Central Java, Indonesia. The north side is deeply eroded and the eastern side contains parasitic crater lakes and parasitic cones. A ...

Stratovolcano (bordering with

East Java East Java (, , ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia located in the easternmost third of Java island. It has a land border only with the province of Central Java to the west; the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean border its northern ...

)

East Java

Stratovolcano (bordering with

Central Java Central Java (, ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogya ...

) *

Mount Wilis Mount Wilis is a solitary volcanic massif surrounded by low-elevation plains. It is located in East Java, Java island, Indonesia. It is not far from Mount Kelut. No confirmed historical eruptions are known from this volcano. Images gallery ...

Stratovolcano * Kelut Stratovolcano * Kawi- Butak Stratovolcanoes *

Arjuno-Welirang Mount Arjuno-Welirang is a stratovolcano in the province of East Java in Java, Indonesia. Mount Arjuno-Welirang lies about 50 kilometers (31 mi) south of Surabaya, and 20 kilometers (12 mi) north of Malang. It is a twin volcano, with the 'twins' ...

Stratovolcano * Penanggungan Stratovolcano * Malang Plain Maars *

Semeru The Semeru (), or Mount Semeru (, ) is an active volcano located in East Java, Indonesia. It is located in a subduction zone, where the Indo-Australian plate subducts under the Eurasia plate. It is the highest mountain on the island of Java ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Bromo The Bromo (), or Mount Bromo (, ) is an active somma volcano, a Hindu pilgrimage site, and part of the Tengger mountains, in East Java, Indonesia. At it is not the highest peak of the massif, but is the most active and famous. The area ...

* Lamongan Stratovolcano * Mount Lurus * Iyang-Argapura Complex volcano * Raung Stratovolcano *

Ijen Map of Ijen Crater, where sulfur is mined The Ijen volcano complex is a group of composite volcanoes located on the border between Banyuwangi Regency and Bondowoso Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is known for its blue fire, acidic cr ...

Stratovolcanoes * Baluran Stratovolcano

List of active volcanoes

References

* Whitten, T, Soaeriaatmadja, R. E., Afiff, S. A., (editors), ''The Ecology of Java and Bali'', Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. 1996, Hardcover, 969 pages, {{ISBN, 962-593-072-8 Volcanism of Indonesia

List of volcanoes

West Java

Central Java

East Java

List of active volcanoes

See also

References