''Virgularia'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

sea pen Sea pens are marine cnidarians belonging to the superfamily Pennatuloidea, which are colony-forming benthic filter feeders within the order Scleralcyonacea. There are 14 families within the order and 35 extant genera, and it is estimated a ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Virgulariidae Virgulariidae is a family of sea pens, a member of the subclass Octocorallia in the phylum Cnidaria. Characteristics Colonies are bilateral, long and slender to very slender. The colony axis is noticeable and present throughout.Williams G.C., 19 ...

Species

*'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgularia bromleyi'' Kölliker, 1880 *'' Virgularia densa'' Tixier-Durivault, 1966 *'' Virgularia galapagensis'' Hickson, 1930 *''

Virgularia glacialis ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Kölliker, 1870 *''

Virgularia gracilis ''Virgularia'' is a genus of Pennatulacea, sea pen in the Family (biology), family Virgulariidae. Species *''Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *''Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *''Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *''Virgularia brochi'' Kü ...

'' *''

Virgularia gracillima ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Kõlliker, 1880 *'' Virgularia gustaviana'' (Herklots, 1863) *''

Virgularia halisceptrum ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Broch, 1910 *''

Virgularia juncea ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' (Pallas, 1766) *''

Virgularia kophameli ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' May, 1899 *''

Virgularia loveni ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Utinomi, 1971 *''

Virgularia mirabilis The slender sea pen (''Virgularia mirabilis'') is a species of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae, occurring throughout the Mediterranean and Western Europe, with some colonies being found on islands in the Mid-Atlantic. Description The slen ...

'' (Müller, 1776) *''

Virgularia presbytes ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Bayer, 1955 *''

Virgularia reinwardti ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Herklots, 1858 *''

Virgularia rumphi ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Kölliker, 1870 *''

Virgularia schultzei The feathery sea pen (''Virgularia schultzei'') is a species of sea pen in the family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other ...

'' Kukenthal, 1910 *''

Virgularia tuberculata ''Virgularia'' is a genus of sea pen in the family Virgulariidae. Species *'' Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *'' Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *'' Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *'' Virgulari ...

'' Marshall, 1883

References

Virgulariidae Octocorallia genera Bioluminescent cnidarians {{Octocorallia-stub