Victorian Railways B Class (diesel)

The B class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Victorian Railways in 1952–1953. Ordered and operated by the Victorian Railways, they initiated the dieselisation of the system and saw use on both passenger and freight services, with many remaining in service today, both in preserved and revenue service. Some were rebuilt as the V/Line A class, while others have been scrapped.

History

The B class were the first mainline diesel locomotives ever built for the Victorian Railways. The design was based on the successful Electro-Motive Diesel F-unit locomotives with the distinctive bulldog nose. They were unusual in having a streamlined drivers cab at each end.

Inception

After World War II, the Victorian Railways was severely run down from years of Depression-era under-investment and wartime over-utilisation. Chief Mechanical Engineer Ahlston traveled the world studying railway rehabilitation. Britain leaned towards steam locomotives, while France was moving towards main line electrification. The United States was more divided, with General Motors' Electro-Motive Division at La Grange, Illinois turning out modern E and F-units diesels. However the EMD units axle load was too heavy for the Victorian tracks, and the Commonwealth Government would not allow the use of foreign currency to purchase United States diesels. As a result, the £80 million '' Operation Phoenix'' featured steam locomotives and electrification of the Gippsland line, either locally built or imported from the United Kingdom.

To achieve a lighter axle load, a six axles / six motor Co-Co wheel arrangement was required. By 1949, the then-head of Electro-Motive Diesel Dick Dilworth was convinced that lighter axle load locomotives would be popular in Australia and other foreign countries. Frank Shea of Clyde Engineering had also negotiated with EMD to build the new locomotive locally, in order to overcome the foreign exchange restrictions. The order for what would become the B Class was placed in 1951 and the first of the class was delivered on 14 July 1952.

Into service

The 26 members of the class operated on broad gauge lines throughout Victoria, working the majority of the important passenger trains, as well as fast freights. Many timetables were accelerated, and steam locomotives began to be 'euthanized' in large numbers. The visit of Queen Elizabeth in 1954 saw her ride behind B60 on a special train.

While costing £80 per horsepower compared to £60 for steam, the new locomotives ran 130,000 miles per year, compared to 35,000 and 60,000 miles per year for main line steam locomotives. The Chief Engineers Office found that one B class did the work of three steam locomotives. Their success led to further dieselisation, with the delivery of the T class branch line units from 1955, and the single ended S class mainline units from 1957.

Demise, reactivation and preservation

As part of the 1980s New Deal plan to reinvigorate country passenger services, it was decided to rebuild the B class with new traction equipment as the A class. The rebuild contract was let in January 1983 to Clyde Engineering, Rosewater, with the first unit entering service in May 1984. The project was abandoned in mid 1985 after rising costs due to structural fatigue, with the eleventh and final rebuild delivered in August 1985.

At the same time newer high power locomotives had been delivered, including the N class passenger units and the more numerous G class freight locomotives. The remaining B class units were gradually decommissioned by V/Line from 1982 with some scrapped. Six were purchased by West Coast Railway in the early 1990s for use on their Melbourne to Warrnambool passenger service. While running with West Coast Railway, units B61 and B76 had dual marker lights and ditch lights fitted at the No.1 end. They also received shunter's steps at each end, in late 2001 or early 2002. B65 was painted in the simplified West Coast Railway "freight" livery, and did not receive any of these upgrades.

In May 2004, the Victorian Department of Infrastructure issued an alert on stress cracks on the underframes of the B class locomotives, including the units owned by West Coast Railway. Following West Coast Railway's demise in August 2004, these were sold to Chicago Freight Car Leasing Australia and refurbished with B61 and B65 later being resold to Southern Shorthaul Railroad. This saw some converted to standard gauge and their sphere of operation increased to include New South Wales. Seymour Railway Heritage Centre have B74 preserved in operating condition and is the only preserved locomotive in operation.B Class
Vicsig

In 2014, B75 was recommissioned for Southern Shorthaul Railroad, with the unit having been stored at Seymour under multiple previous owners. She wore the CRL colours of red, yellow, silver and black. SSR purchased the remaining CFCLA (now RailFirst Asset Management) units, B76 and B80, in 2022, and returned them to service. As of May 2024, SSR operates B61 and B75 on standard gauge, with B61 under major engine repairs. B76 and B80 are operational in Victoria on the broad gauge, and B65 is currently stored at North Bendigo workshops following a major engine failure.

In February 2024, B72, which is under the custody of Steamrail, moved under its own power for the first time since its withdrawal in 1986. On 7 March, it was unveiled in full VicRail teacup scheme (its No. 1 end had previously been painted in teacup, with the No. 2 end being painted in V/Line orange, for the 2020 open day).

Fleet summary

Gallery

File:Steamrail's B72.jpg, Steamrail Victoria's B72 undergoing long term Restoration at Newport work shops
File:ARHS B83.jpg, Australian Railway Historical Society Museum's B83 cosmetically preserved at the North Williamstown museum
File:SSR B61 with GM10.jpg, Southern Shorthaul Railroad's B61 in a unique "Streamliners 2016" livery to promote the event in Goulburn
File:B74 trailing B80 and a G.jpg, Double B's trailing a G exiting Bunbury Street tunnel
File:B74 leading T357 and X31.jpg, B74 leading T357 and X31 on Seymour Railway Heritage Centre's charter to Geelong celebrating B74's 65th anniversary on entering service
File:B61 at South Dynon SG Turntable.jpg, B61 resting at the South Dynon Standard Gauge Turntable
File:B74 leading X31 on a LXRA special.jpg, B74 leading X31 on a Level Crossing Removal Authority special shuttle charter between Caulfield and Dandenong stations
File:B80 running light engine.jpg, B80 running Light Engine from Seymour to Dynon after dropping off Seymour Railway Heritage Centre's S303
File:B80 on a Metro works train.jpg, B80 on a works train at Camberwell
File:B80 on a Metro works train at Hawthorn.jpg, B80 on a works train at Hawthorn
File:B74 leading S303 on a Royal Train trial.jpg, B74 leading S303 on a Royal Train trial at Castlemaine
File:B80 on a Metro works.jpg, B80 on a works train at Flinders Street
File:B75 with S317 at the Kensington Mill.jpg, B75 with S317 at the Kensington Mill
File:B74 leading T378 on the Tocumwal Market Special at Numurkah.jpg, B74 leading T378 on the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre Tocumwal Market Special at Numurkah
File:B74 leading T378 on the Tocumwal Market Special at Strathmerton.jpg, B74 leading T378 on the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre Tocumwal Market Special at Strathmerton
File:B74 leading T378 on the Tocumwal Market Special.jpg, B74 leading T378 on the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre Tocumwal Market Special
File:B74 with T378 at Tocumwal.jpg, B74 with T378 at Tocumwal after running around from doing the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre Tocumwal Market Tour
File:B74 with T378 at Seymour Rail Heritage Centre.jpg, B74 hooked up with T378 at Seymour Railway Heritage Centre
File:B72 freshly painted into the VicRail teacup livery.jpg, B72 with new paint job in the VicRail teacup livery Steamrail Victoria

References

Further reading

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Clyde Engineering locomotives
Co-Co locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1952
B class
Broad gauge locomotives in Australia
Standard-gauge locomotives of Australia
Diesel–electric locomotives of Australia
Streamlined diesel locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Freight locomotives