''Vertigo'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of minute, air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group (previously an order, and before that, a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group inclu ...

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusc Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...

s or

micromollusk A micromollusc is a shelled mollusc which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine molluscs, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater molluscs also ...

s in the family

Vertiginidae Vertiginidae, common name the whorl snails, is a family of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea. Distribution The distribution of the Vertiginidae is in the ...

, the whorl snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1773. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426423 on 2023-02-07

Description

Snails in the genus ''Vertigo'' have no oral

tentacle In zoology, a tentacle is a flexible, mobile, and elongated organ present in some species of animals, most of them invertebrates. In animal anatomy, tentacles usually occur in one or more pairs. Anatomically, the tentacles of animals work main ...

s, thus they have only one pair of tentacles. The jaw is arched; the ends squarely truncated; the anterior surface striate; the cutting edge with a median projection. The

radula The radula (; : radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters ...

has a central tooth that is almost square, tricuspid, as large as or larger than the lateral teeth, which are similar, narrower, and bi- or tricuspid. The marginal teeth are low, wide and serrated.

Shell

The

shell Shell may refer to: Architecture and design * Shell (structure), a thin structure ** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses Science Biology * Seashell, a hard outer layer of a marine ani ...

is deeply rimate and ovate. The

apex The apex is the highest point of something. The word may also refer to: Arts and media Fictional entities * Apex (comics) A-Bomb Abomination Absorbing Man Abraxas Abyss Abyss is the name of two characters appearing in Ameri ...

is acuminate and obtuse. The shell has 5–6

whorls A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). In nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagram ...

. The

last whorl The body whorl is part of the morphology of the shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk. In gastropods In gastropods, the b ...

is rounded. The

aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...

is semioval with 4 to 7 folds. The peristome is scarcely expanded and white-lipped.

Distribution

The distribution of the genus ''Vertigo'' includes Europe, northern Asia, eastern Asia, Japan, Central and North America, Caribbean and the Bermudas.

Species

Species in the genus ''Vertigo'' include: * '' Vertigo alabamensis'' G. Clapp, 1915 – Alabama Vertigo * '' Vertigo alpestris'' Alder, 1838 – tundra vertigo * † '' Vertigo angulifera'' O. Boettger, 1884 * '' Vertigo angustior'' Jeffreys, 1830 – Narrow-mouthed Whorl Snail * '' Vertigo antipygmaea'' Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2018 * '' Vertigo antivertigo'' (Draparnaud, 1801) * '' Vertigo arctica'' (Wallenberg, 1858) * † '' Vertigo arenula'' (C. A. White, 1876) * '' Vertigo arizonensis'' Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1900 * '' Vertigo arthuri'' Von Martens, 1882 * †'' Vertigo atavuncula'' (C. A. White, 1883) * † '' Vertigo bakonyensis'' Kókay, 2006 * '' Vertigo bandulana'' (Connolly, 1922) * † '' Vertigo bella'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * '' Vertigo beringia'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo bermudensis'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Vertigo berryi'' Pilsbry, 1919 * † '' Vertigo bicolumellata'' Steklov in Steklov & Tsytovich, 1967 * † '' Vertigo bifida'' (Deshayes, 1863) * '' Vertigo binneyana'' Sterki, 1890 * '' Vertigo bisulcata'' (Jickeli, 1873) * '' Vertigo bollesiana'' (Morse, 1865) – Delicate vertigo snail * † '' Vertigo brusinai'' De Stefani, 1880 * '' Vertigo calamitosa'' (Pilsbry, 1889) * '' Vertigo californica'' (Rowell, 1862) * † '' Vertigo callosa'' Reuss in Reuss & Meyer, 1849 * '' Vertigo catalinaria'' (Sterki, 1890) * '' Vertigo chiricahuensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo chytryi'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * † '' Vertigo cianfanellianus'' (Manganelli, Benocci, Esu & Fo. Giusti, 2008) * '' Vertigo circumlabiata'' Schileyko, 1984 * '' Vertigo clappi'' Brooks & G. R. Hunt, 1936 * '' Vertigo clementina'' (Sterki, 1890) * '' Vertigo coloradensis'' (Cockerell, 1891) * '' Vertigo columbiana'' Sterki, 1892 * '' Vertigo congoensis'' (Dartevelle, 1952) * † '' Vertigo consteniusi'' Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001 * '' Vertigo conecuhensis'' G. Clapp, 1915: synonym of '' Vertigo alabamensis'' G. H. Clapp, 1915 * '' Vertigo cristata'' (Sterki, 1919) * '' Vertigo cupressicola'' Sterki, 1919 * '' Vertigo dalliana'' (Sterki, 1890) * '' Vertigo dedecora'' (Pilsbry, 1902) * † '' Vertigo defranceii'' (Brongniart, 1810) * '' Vertigo diegoensis'' (Sterki, 1890) * † '' Vertigo diversidens'' (Sandberger, 1872) * † '' Vertigo doliara'' Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001 * † '' Vertigo douvillei'' de Morgan, 1920 * † '' Vertigo elsheimensis'' O. Boettger, 1889 * '' Vertigo eogea'' Pilsbry, 1919 ** '' Vertigo eogea stagnalis'' Kuroda, 1941 * '' Vertigo extima'' (Westerlund, 1877) * '' Vertigo farquhari'' (Pilsbry, 1917) * ''

Vertigo genesii ''Vertigo genesii'', common name the round-mouthed whorl snail, is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk, mollusc or micromollusk, micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the ...

'' (Gredler, 1856) – Round-mouthed Whorl Snail * '' Vertigo genesioides'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * ''

Vertigo geyeri ''Vertigo geyeri'' is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo geyeri Lindholm, 1925. Acce ...

'' Lindholm, 1925 * '' Vertigo gittenbergeri'' (Hausdorf, 2008) * † '' Vertigo globosa'' Sacco, 1886 * '' Vertigo gouldii'' (Binney, 1843) * '' Vertigo griqualandica'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1893) * '' Vertigo hannai'' Pilsbry, 1919 * † '' Vertigo hauchecornei'' Klebs, 1886 * '' Vertigo hebardi'' Vanetta, 1912 * '' Vertigo hemphilli'' (Sterki, 1890) * † '' Vertigo hibbardi'' F. C. Baker, 1938 * '' Vertigo hinkleyi'' Pilsbry, 1921 * '' Vertigo hirasei'' Pilsbry, 1901 * † '' Vertigo hohenstaufenorum'' Schlickum & Geissert, 1980 * '' Vertigo hydrophila'' (Reinhardt, 1877) * '' Vertigo idahoensis'' Pilsbry, 1934 * '' Vertigo inserta'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Vertigo japonica'' Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1904 * † '' Vertigo kochi'' O. Boettger, 1889 * '' Vertigo kodamai'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * † '' Vertigo kroloppi'' Schlickum & Strauch, 1979 * † '' Vertigo kuenowii'' Klebs, 1886 * '' Vertigo kurilensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo kushiroensis'' Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1905 ** '' Vertigo kushiroensis botanicorum'' Horsak & Pokryszko, 2010 * † '' Vertigo likharevi'' Prysjazhnjuk, 1978 * '' Vertigo lilljeborgi'' (Westerlund, 1871) * † '' Vertigo lozeki'' Schlickum & Puisségur, 1978 * † '' Vertigo luminosa'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * '' Vertigo malleata'' Coles & Nekola, 2007 * † '' Vertigo manchurica'' K. Suzuki, 194 * '' Vertigo marciae'' Nekola & Rosenberg, 2013 * '' Vertigo marki'' Gulick, 1904 * † '' Vertigo maxillosa'' Schütt, 1994 * '' Vertigo meramecensis'' A. S. Van Devender, 1979 * † '' Vertigo micra'' Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001 * '' Vertigo microsphaera'' Schileyko, 1984 * '' Vertigo milium'' (Gould, 1840) – Blade Vertigo * † '' Vertigo milleri'' Gottschick & Wenz, 1919 * † '' Vertigo minor'' O. Boettger, 1870 * '' Vertigo modesta'' (Say, 1824) – cross vertigo * †'' Vertigo moedlingensis'' Wenz & Edlauer, 1942 * † '' Vertigo moenana'' Zinndorf, 1901 * † '' Vertigo moldavica'' Prisyazhnyuk, 1973 * '' Vertigo morsei'' Sterki, 1894 * † '' Vertigo mostrata'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * ''

Vertigo moulinsiana Desmoulin's whorl snail (''Vertigo moulinsiana'') is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vert ...

'' (Dupuy, 1849) –

Desmoulin's whorl snail Desmoulin's whorl snail (''Vertigo moulinsiana'') is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk, mollusc or micromollusk, micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails ...

* † '' Vertigo myrmido'' Michaud, 1855 * '' Vertigo nangaparbatensis'' Pokryszko & Hlaváč, 2009 * ''

Vertigo nitidula Vertigo is a condition in which a person has the sensation that they are moving, or that objects around them are moving, when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, perspira ...

'' (Mousson, 1876) * † '' Vertigo nouleti'' Michaud, 1862 * '' Vertigo numellata'' Gulick, 1904 * '' Vertigo nylanderi'' Sterki, 1909 * † '' Vertigo obesa'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * '' Vertigo occidentalis'' Sterki, 1907 * † '' Vertigo ocsensis'' (Halaváts, 1903) * '' Vertigo okinoerabuensis'' Pilsbry & Hirase, 1904 * † '' Vertigo olchonica'' Popova & Schileyko, 1981 * '' Vertigo oralis'' Sterki, 1890 – Palmetto Vertigo * '' Vertigo oscariana'' Sterki, 1890 – Capital Vertigo * '' Vertigo oughtoni'' Pilsbry, 1948 * ''

Vertigo ovata ''Vertigo ovata'', common name the ovate vertigo, is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.Marshall, B. (2014). Vertigo ovata (Say, 1822). Accessed th ...

'' (Say, 1822) – ovate vertigo * † '' Vertigo ovatula'' (Sandberger, 1875) * † '' Vertigo pageti'' Schlickum & Strauch, 1979 * † '' Vertigo palangula'' (De Boissy, 1848) * † '' Vertigo pandei'' Bhatia & Mathur, 1971 * '' Vertigo parcedentata'' (A. Braun, 1847) * '' Vertigo parvula'' Sterki, 1890 * '' Vertigo perryi'' Sterki, 1905 * '' Vertigo pimuensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo pisewensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * † '' Vertigo pontileviensis'' de Morgan, 1920 * † '' Vertigo praecoquis'' Russell, 1956 * † '' Vertigo praepusilla'' Prysjazhnjuk, 1978 * † '' Vertigo protracta'' (Sandberger, 1875) * † '' Vertigo pseudoantivertigo'' Paladilhe, 1873 * '' Vertigo pseudosubstriata'' Ložek, 1954 Ložek V. (1964). ''Quartärmollusken der Tschechoslowakei''. – Rozpravy Ústředního ústavu geologického, Praha, 31: 374 pp., pp. 204–205. * '' Vertigo pusilla'' O. F. Müller, 1774 – type species * '' Vertigo pygmaea'' (Draparnaud, 1801) – crested vertigo * '' Vertigo ronnebyensis'' (Westerlund, 1871) * '' Vertigo rowellii'' (Newcomb, 1860) * '' Vertigo rugosula'' Sterki, 1890 – Striate Vertigo * '' Vertigo sandbergeri'' Wenz, 1923 † * '' Vertigo seminulum'' (R. T. Lowe, 1852) * '' Vertigo sterkii'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Vertigo substriata'' (Jeffreys, 1833) * '' Vertigo superstriata'' Pokryszko & Auffenberg, 2009 * † '' Vertigo tembrockae'' Schlickum & Strauch, 1979 * ''

Vertigo teskeyae Vertigo is a condition in which a person has the sensation that they are moving, or that objects around them are moving, when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, perspira ...

'' Hubricht, 1961 * † '' Vertigo tewarii'' Bhatia & Mathur, 1971 * '' Vertigo torrei'' Aguayo & Jaume, 1934 * '' Vertigo tridentata'' Wolf, 1870 * '' Vertigo trinotata'' (Sterki, 1890) * † '' Vertigo trolli'' Wenz in K. Fischer & Wenz, 1914 * † ''

Vertigo tuchoricensis Vertigo is a condition in which a person has the sensation that they are moving, or that objects around them are moving, when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, perspira ...

'' Pilsbry in Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1919 * † '' Vertigo turonica'' de Morgan, 1920 * '' Vertigo ultima'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Vertigo ultimathule'' Proschwitz, 2007Proschwitz T. von (2007). "''Vertigo ultimathule'' n. sp., a new whorl-snail from northernmost Sweden (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)". '' Heldia'' 5(3): 73–74, Taf. 9. München. * † '' Vertigo uncata'' Steklov, 1967 * '' Vertigo utahensis'' Sterki, 1892 * † '' Vertigo vectiensis'' L. R. Cox, 1924 * '' Vertigo ventricosa'' (E. S. Morse, 1865) * † '' Vertigo vracevicensis'' Neubauer & Harzhauser in Neubauer et al., 2017 * † '' Vertigo whitei'' Pierce in Pierce & Rasmussen, 1992 ;Synonyms: * ''Vertigo concinnula'' (Roscoe and Roscoe, 1955) – Mitered vertigo: synonym of ''Vertigo modesta concinnula'' Cockerell, 1897 * ''Vertigo cubana'' Crosse, 1890:"Mollusca"
. Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011. synonym of '' Lyropupa cubana'' (Dall, 1890) * ''Vertigo elatior'' (Brooks, 1936) – tapered vertigo: synonym of '' Vertigo ventricosa'' (Morse, 1865) * † ''Vertigo flexidens'' (Reuss, 1861): synonym of † ''

Ptychalaea flexidens ''Ptychalaea'' is a fossil genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Gastrocoptidae.Harzhauser M., Neubauer T.A., Georgopoulou E., Harl J. 2014The Early Miocene (Burdigalian) mollusc f ...

'' (Reuss, 1861) * ''Vertigo hachijoensis'' Pilsbry, 1919: synonym of ''Vertigo kushiroensis hachijoensis'' Pilsbry, 1919 * ''Vertigo heldi'' Clessin, 1877: synonym of '' Vertigo pygmaea'' (Draparnaud, 1801) * ''Vertigo hubrichti'' Pilsbry, 1934: synonym of '' Vertigo arthuri'' E. von Martens, 1882 * † ''Vertigo interferens'' (Deshayes, 1863) : synonym of † '' Ovicarychium interferens'' (Deshayes, 1863) * † ''Vertigo mystica'' (Stworzewicz & Pokryszko, 2015): synonym of † ''

Ptychalaea mystica ''Ptychalaea'' is a fossil genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Gastrocoptidae.Harzhauser M., Neubauer T.A., Georgopoulou E., Harl J. 2014The Early Miocene (Burdigalian) mollusc f ...

'' Stworzewicz & B.M. Pokryszko, 2015 * ''Vertigo neglecta'' Arango in Poey, 1856: synonym of ''

'' Say, 1822 * ''Vertigo occulta'' Vanetta, 1912: synonym of '' Vertigo arthuri'' E. von Martens, 1882 * †''Vertigo paradoxa'' Sterki in Pilsbry, 1900: synonym of '' Vertigo arthuri'' E. von Martens, 1882 * ''Vertigo shimochii'' Kuroda & Amano, 1960: synonym of ''

Gastrocopta servilis ''Gastrocopta servilis'' is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Gastrocoptidae Gastrocoptidae is a family of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Pupilloidea.Philippe Bouche ...

'' (A. Gould, 1843) * ''Vertigo sieversi'' (O. Boettger, 1879): synonym of ''

'' (Mousson, 1876)

References

This article incorporates public domain text from reference. Baker F. C. (25 April) 1902.
The Mollusca of the Chicago Area
Part II. Gastropoda''. Bulletin No. III. of the Natural History Survey, The Chicago Academy of Sciences, 418 pp. 33 plates, pag
240
241.

External links