Veerse Compagnie
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The Veerse Compagnie (Company of Veere) was a pre-company from the
Republic of the Seven United Netherlands The United Provinces of the Netherlands, commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. It was a predecessor state of the present-day Netherland ...
that was founded by
Balthazar de Moucheron Balthazar de Moucheron (1552–1630) was a Dutch trader, ship owner, and one of the founders of the Dutch East India Company, but never participated as he went bankrupt in the same year. He is known for his early trading with India (Calcutta) and I ...
, a ship owner from
Antwerp Antwerp (; ; ) is a City status in Belgium, city and a Municipalities of Belgium, municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is the capital and largest city of Antwerp Province, and the third-largest city in Belgium by area at , after ...
in the
Southern Netherlands The Southern Netherlands, also called the Catholic Netherlands, were the parts of the Low Countries belonging to the Holy Roman Empire which were at first largely controlled by Habsburg Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1556–1714) and later by the ...
. After the
fall of Antwerp The fall of Antwerp ( ) on 17 August 1585 took place during the Eighty Years' War, after a siege lasting over a year from July 1584 until August 1585. The city of Antwerp was the focal point of the Protestant-dominated Dutch Revolt, but was fo ...
in 1585, he moved his business to
Zeeland Zeeland (; ), historically known in English by the Endonym and exonym, exonym Zealand, is the westernmost and least populous province of the Netherlands. The province, located in the southwest of the country, borders North Brabant to the east ...
. The fleet of the ''Veerse Compagnie'' was made up of two ships; 'Leeuw' (Lion) and 'Leeuwin' (Lioness) and was headed by Cornelis Houtman. Its fleet left from Veere on 28 March 1598 and returned to the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in 1600.


History

A voorcompagnie (pre-company) is the naming given to the trading companies from the
Republic of the Seven United Netherlands The United Provinces of the Netherlands, commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. It was a predecessor state of the present-day Netherland ...
that traded on Asia between 1594 and 1602, before they all merged to form the
Dutch East India Company The United East India Company ( ; VOC ), commonly known as the Dutch East India Company, was a chartered company, chartered trading company and one of the first joint-stock companies in the world. Established on 20 March 1602 by the States Ge ...
(VOC). The pre-companies were financed by merchants from the
Northern Netherlands The United Provinces of the Netherlands, commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. It was a predecessor state of the present-day Netherlands ...
and rich immigrants from the
Southern Netherlands The Southern Netherlands, also called the Catholic Netherlands, were the parts of the Low Countries belonging to the Holy Roman Empire which were at first largely controlled by Habsburg Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1556–1714) and later by the ...
. Because of the deadly competition, the government forced the smaller trading companies to unite and form the (United) East India Company, that on its turn received exclusive rights for the trade with Asia for the following 21 years., ''De VOC en het Aziatische handelssysteem'' (1992)


Veerse Compagnie

In 1597
Cornelis de Houtman Cornelis de Houtman (2 April 1565 – 11 September 1599) was a Dutch merchant seaman who commanded the first Dutch expedition to the East Indies. Although the voyage was difficult and yielded only a modest profit, Houtman showed that the ...
succeeded in the so-called
Eerste Schipvaart The First Dutch Expedition to the East Indies () was an expedition that took place from 1595 to 1597. It was instrumental in opening up the Indonesian spice trade to the merchants that eventually formed the Dutch East India Company, and ...
(first expedition) to sail to Indonesia via
Cape of Good Hope The Cape of Good Hope ( ) is a rocky headland on the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula in South Africa. A List of common misconceptions#Geography, common misconception is that the Cape of Good Hope is the southern tip of Afri ...
. From this moment on, Moucheron focussed on that trade route. Moucheron founded the ''Veerse Compagnie'' and became a main shareholder. In 1598 the ''Veerse Compagnie'' sent two ships, ''De Leeuw'' (the lion) and the ''Leeuwin'' (the lioness), under the supervision of
Cornelis Cornelis is a Dutch language, Dutch form of the male given name Cornelius (name), Cornelius. Some common shortened versions of Cornelis in Dutch are Cees, Cor, Corné, Corneel, Crelis, Kees (given name), Kees, Neel and Nelis. Cornelis (Kees) an ...
and
Frederik de Houtman Frederick de Houtman ( – 21 October 1627) was a Dutch explorer, navigator, and colonial governor who sailed on the first Dutch expedition to the East Indies from 1595 until 1597, during which time he made observations of the southern cel ...
to East-India. The fleet returned in 1600 without the two brothers. Cornelis was killed and Frederik was captured on
Atjeh Aceh ( , ; , Jawoë: ; Old Spelling: ''Atjeh'') is the westernmost province of Indonesia. It is located on the northern end of Sumatra island, with Banda Aceh being its capital and largest city. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the wes ...
. Initially the expedition was not a financial success.Henry C. Murphy (2010). Henry Hudson in Holland. New York: Cosimo Classics. p.6.


Citations


References

Sources: *Unger, W.S. (1948) ''De oudste reizen van de Zeeuwen naar Oost-Indië''. De Linschoten-Vereeniging LI. Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff. *Jonge, Jhr. Mr. J.K.J. de (1862
''De opkomst van het Nederlandsch gezag in Oost-Indië, (1595-1610) Eerste deel''
Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff
’’De familie de Moucheron’’
Rijksmuseum. URL bezocht op 12 April 2008. *Wijnroks, E.H. (2003) ''Handel tussen Rusland en de Nederlanden, 1560-1640'' Hilversum * (2009) Geschiedenis van de VOC, p. 17-22. * (2002) Een onderneming van landsbelang. De oprichting van de Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie in 1602


External links



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Maritieme kalender 1598
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Maritieme kalender 1599
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Maritieme kalender 1600
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Maritieme kalender 1601
geraadpleegd 5 September 2014 {{Authority control Trading companies History of the Dutch East India Company Pepper trade Companies of the Dutch Republic