Valve Amplification Company
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{{No footnotes, date=March 2025 Valve Amplification Company (VAC) is a U.S. supplier of high end audio electronics, principally utilizing
vacuum tube A vacuum tube, electron tube, thermionic valve (British usage), or tube (North America) is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric voltage, potential difference has been applied. It ...
technology. It was founded in 1990 by Kevin Hayes (b. 1959) and Channing W. Hayes (1923–2009). A Florida corporation, as of 2011 it is located in
Sarasota, Florida Sarasota () is a city in and the county seat of Sarasota County, Florida, United States. It is located in Southwest Florida, the southern end of the Tampa Bay area, and north of Fort Myers, Florida, Fort Myers and Punta Gorda, Florida, Punta Gord ...
, U.S. It is well known for having produced the Marantz Classic series of
amplifier An amplifier, electronic amplifier or (informally) amp is an electronic device that can increase the magnitude of a signal (a time-varying voltage or current). It is a two-port electronic circuit that uses electric power from a power su ...
s for Marantz Japan from 1996 to 1998 (Marantz Model 7 / 7C, Model 8B, Model 9), as well as the VAC-designed Model 66
integrated amplifier An integrated amplifier (pre/main amp) is an electronic device containing an audio preamplifier and power amplifier in one unit, as opposed to separating the two. Most modern audio amplifiers are integrated and have several inputs for devices s ...
. In addition, it redeveloped and produced the first 200 recreations of the LA-2A
leveling amplifier An audio leveler performs an audio process similar to compression, which is used to reduce the dynamic range of a signal, so that the quietest portion of the signal is loud enough to hear and the loudest portion is not too loud. Levelers work ...
for
Universal Audio Universal Audio may refer to: *Universal Audio (company), an audio product company founded in 1958 by Bill Putnam Sr., and refounded by Jim Putnam and Bill Putnam Jr. in 1999. * ''Universal Audio'' (album), a 2004 album by the Delgados *Universal A ...
in 1998.


Company history

VAC was founded in 1990 by Kevin Hayes and his father, Channing W. Hayes in Sarasota, Florida. The first products were the PA45 and PA90 power amplifiers, designed jointly. Beginning with their second product, the CPA1 / CLA1 preamplifier, designs are largely the work of Kevin Hayes, who functions as chief engineer. VAC continued to operate in Florida until the beginning of the Marantz Classic project, the production phase of which commenced in Durham, NC in January 1996. VAC returned its administrative and sales operations to Sarasota, FL in September 2001. On June 10, 2014, Kevin Hayes was issued U.S. Patent 8,749,310 for "amplifier bias control". This patent covers the only known technique for observing the true underlying quiescent current (idle current) of an output tube (or transistor) under dynamic signal conditions, and then holding it to the stable target value with a precision of 99% or better. It is the only 'auto bias' system in which the volume and character of the music being played does not alter the idle point of the tube. It is incorporated in VAC power amplifiers as the iQ Intelligent Continuous Automatic Bias System. In addition, the iQ system defends against short circuit tubes, prevents gas current run away tubes, indicates weakening tubes, and minimizes noise and distortion. Current iQ models are the VAC Statement 450 iQ and Signature 200 iQ. VAC is privately held.


Notable products

* PA45 & PA90 power amplifier, 1990–1997 * Renaissance Series (R30/30, R30/70, R70/70, R140), 1993–2009 * Phi Beta 110i integrated amplifier, 2004–2008 * Signature Preamplifier, 1999–present * Avatar Series integrated amplifier, 1998–2008 * Phi 200 power amplifier, 2007–present * Phi 300 Series power amplifier, 2006–present * Statement 450 power amplifier, 2010–present


External links


Official VAC company website

Review of VAC Phi 200 Power Amplifier in UltraAudio

Review of VAC Phi 200 Amplifier (Italian)

Review of VAC Phi 200 Power Amplifier in DaGoGo

Review of VAC Renaissance Mk III Preamplifier in UltraAudio

Review of VAC Signature Mk II Preamplifier in DaGoGo

Review of VAC Signature Mk II Preamplifier in InnerEar magazine (Canada)

Review of early VAC Signature Mk II Preamplifier in Stereophile magazine

Comparison of VAC tube electronics with Krell and Lexicon solid state electronics from Sound & Vision magazine




* [http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=8,749,310.PN.&OS=PN/8,749,310&RS=PN/8,749,310 U.S. Patent 8,749,310, iQ Intelligent Continuous Automatic Bias System] 1990 establishments in Florida Companies based in Sarasota, Florida Audio equipment manufacturers of the United States Electronics companies established in 1990