Valley Yokuts

Valley Yokuts is a dialect cluster of the Yokutsan language family of California.

Chukchansi, which is still spoken natively, has language classes and a preschool for children. It is also taught at a local elementary school. Though there are no longer any native speakers, Tachi has a Headstart language program.

Varieties

Valley Yokuts is sometimes considered three languages.

* Far Northern Valley Yokuts ( Delta Yokuts) †

: Yachikumne (a.k.a. Chulamni)
: Chalostaca
: Lakisamni
: Tawalimni
* Northern Valley Yokuts

: Nopṭinṭe
: Chawchila
: Chukchansi
: Kechayi
: Dumna
* Southern Valley Yokuts

: Wechihit
: Nutunutu–Tachi
: Chunut (a.k.a. Sumtache)
: Wo’lasi–Choynok
: Wowol
: Telamni
: Koyeti– Yawelmani

Of these, ''Yawelmani'' ,Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student’s Handbook'', Edinburgh also known as ''Yowlumni'', is the best known. See also Chukchansi dialect.

Grammar

* ablaut
* suffix

: ''deeyi'' 'to lead'
: ''deeyen'' 'he will lead'
: ''deyhin'' 'he led'
: ''diyhatinhin'' 'he wanted to lead'
: ''diyee’iy'' 'place where one got the lead' (subjective)
: ''diyaa’an'' 'he is leading'
: ''deydiyen'' 'he will lead repeatedly'
: ''diyidyiisaahin ’anam'' 'they led each other repeatedly'
: ''diyeediyic’'' 'one who is leading repeatedly' (subjective)
: ''deyday'' 'act of leading repeatedly' (subjective)

* reduplication

: ''’ɔɔṭ’hun'' 'he stole' - ''’ɔɔṭ’uṭ’hun'' 'he stole often'
: ''’ɔɔṭ’al'' 'he might steal' - ''’ɔɔṭ’uṭ’al'' 'he might steal often'

Bibliography

* Archangeli, Diana B. (1985). Extrametricality in Yawelmani. ''Linguistic review'', ''4'' (2), 101-120.
* Archangeli, Diana B. (1986). Yokuts harmony: Evidence for coplanar representation in nonlinear phonology. ''Linguistic inquiry'', ''16'', 335-372.
* Archangeli, Diana B. (1988). ''Underspecification in Yawelmani phonology and morphology''. Outstanding dissertations in linguistics. New York: Garland Pub. . (Revision of 1984 doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology).
* Archangeli, Diana B. (1991). Syllabification and prosodic templates in Yawelmani. ''Natural Language and Linguistic Theory'' 9, 231-283.
* Gamble, Geoffrey. (1975). Consonant symbolism in Yokuts. ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', ''41'', 306-309.
* Harris, Zellig. (1944). Yokuts structure and Newman's grammar. ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', ''10'', 196-211.
* Hockett, Charles. (1967). The Yawelmani basic verb. ''Language'', ''26'', 278-282.
* Hockett, Charles. (1973). Yokuts as a testing ground for linguistic methods. ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', ''39'', 63-79.
* Hymes, Dell H. (1964). ''Language in culture and society: A reader in linguistics and anthropology''. New York: Harper & Row.
* Kuroda, S.-Y. (1967). ''Yawelmani phonology''. Special technical report (No. 15); M.I.T. research monograph series (No. 43). Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Electronics.
* Kroeber, Alfred L. (1906). The Yokuts and Yuki languages. In B. Laufer & H. A. Andrews (Eds.), ''Boas anniversary volume'' (pp. 64–79). New York: G.E. Stechert & Co. (Reprinted as separate book 1906).
* Kroeber, Alfred L. (1906). ''The Yokuts and Yuki languages''. New York: Stechert. (Originally in Laufer & Andrews 1906).
* Kroeber, Alfred L. (1907). The Yokuts language of south central California. University of California publications in American archaeology and ethnology (Vol. 2, pp. 165–377).
* Laufer, Berthold,; & Andrews, H. A. (Eds.). (1906). ''Boas anniversary volume: Anthropological papers written in honor of Franz Boas''. New York: G.E. Stechert & Co.
* Newman, Stanley S. (1932). The Yawelmani dialect of Yokuts. ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', ''7'', 85-89.
* Newman, Stanley S. (1940). Linguistic aspects of Yokuts style. ''Anthropological Record'', ''5'' (1), 4-15. (Reprinted in Hymes 1964).
* Newman, Stanley S. (1944). ''Yokuts language of California''. Viking Fund publications in anthropology (No. 2). New York: Viking Fund. (Reprinted 1963 & 1968, New York: Johnson Reprint Corp.).
* Newman, Stanley S. (1946). The Yawelmani dialect of Yokuts. In C. Osgood & H. Hoijer (Eds.), ''Linguistic structures of native America'' (pp. 222–248). New York: The Viking Fund.
* Newman, Stanley S. (1964). Linguistic aspects of Yokuts style. In D. H. Hymes, ''Language in culture and society''. New York: Harper & Row. (Originally published as Newman 1940).
* Newman, Stanley S. (1966). Word classes in Yokuts. ''Lingua'', ''17'', 182-199.
* Noske, Roland. (1985). Syllabification and Syllable Changing Processes in Yawelmani. In Harry van der Hulst & Norval S.H. Smith (Eds.), ''Advances in Nonlinear Phonology'', Dordrecht: Foris, 335-361.
* Noske, Roland. (1993). ''A Theory of Syllabification and Segmental Alternation. With studies on the phonology of French, German, Tonkawa and Yawelmani.'' Tübingen: Niemeyer.
* Osgood, Cornelius; & Hoijer, Harry (Eds.). (1946). ''Linguistic structures of native America''. Viking fund publications in anthropology (No. 6). New York: The Viking Fund. (Reprinted 1963, 1965, 1967, & 1971, New York: Johnson Reprint Corp.).
* Pullum, Geoffrey. (1973). Yokuts bibliography: An addendum. ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', ''39'', 269-271.
* Steriade, Donca. (1986). Yokuts and the vowel plane. ''Linguistic inquiry'', ''17'', 129-146.

References

External links

Valley Yokuts at California Language Archive

{{DEFAULTSORT:Valley Yokuts
Yokutsan languages
Extinct languages of North America
Native American language revitalization