Vachellia
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''Vachellia'' is a genus of
flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus '' Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can be distinguished from other acacias by its capitate
inflorescence In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branches. An inflorescence is categorized on the basis of the arrangement of flowers on a mai ...
s and spinescent stipules. Before discovery of the
New World The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, and sometimes Oceania."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: ...
, Europeans in the Mediterranean region were familiar with several species of ''Vachellia'', which they knew as sources of medicine, and had names for them that they inherited from the Greeks and Romans. The wide-ranging genus occurs in a variety of open, tropical to subtropical habitats, and is locally dominant. In parts of Africa, ''Vachellia'' species are shaped progressively by grazing animals of increasing size and height, such as gazelle, gerenuk, and giraffe. The genus in Africa has thus developed thorns in defence against such herbivory .


Nomenclature

By 2005, taxonomists had decided that '' Acacia sensu lato'' should be split into at least five separate genera. The ICN dictated that under these circumstances, the name of ''Acacia'' should remain with the original type, which was '' Acacia nilotica''. However, that year the General Committee of the IBC decided that ''Acacia'' should be given a new type ('' Acacia verticillatum'') so that the ~920 species of Australian acacias would not need to be renamed ''Racosperma''. This decision was opposed by 54.9% or 247 representatives at its 2005 congress, while 45.1% or 203 votes were cast in favor. However, since a 60% vote was required to override the committee, the decision was carried, and a '' nom. cons. propositum'' was listed in Appendix III (p. 286). The 2011 congress voted 373 to 172 to uphold the 2005 decision, which means that the name '' Acacia'' and a new type follow the majority of the species in '' Acacia sensu lato'', rather than this genus. However, some members of the botanical community remain unconvinced, and the use of ''Acacia'' in the scientific literature continues to exceed the use of the new generic names.


Description

The members of ''Vachellia'' are trees or shrubs, sometimes climbing, and are always armed. Younger plants, especially, are armed with spines which are modified stipules, situated near the leaf bases. Some (''cf''. '' V. tortilis'', ', '' V. luederitzii'' and '' V. reficiens'') are also armed with paired, recurved prickles (in addition to the spines). The leaves are alternate and bipinnately arranged, and their pinnae are usually opposite. The racemose inflorescences usually grow from the leaf axils. The yellow or creamy white flowers are produced in spherical heads, or seldom in elongate spikes, which is the general rule in the related genus '' Senegalia''. The flowers are typically bisexual with numerous stamens, but unisexual flowers have been noted in '' V. nilotica'' (''cf''. Sinha, 1971). The calyx and corolla are usually 4 to 5-lobed. Glands are usually present on the rachis and the upper side of the petiole. The seed pod may be straight, curved or curled, and either dehiscent or indehiscent. File:Vachellia vernicosa.jpg, ''V. vernicosa'', or "viscid acacia", in habitat, Far West Texas File:Vachellia vernicosa inflorescence.jpg, ''V. vernicosa'', detail of inflorescence


Species list

Of the 163 species currently assigned to ''Vachellia'', 52 are native to the
Americas The Americas, sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North America and South America.''Webster's New World College Dictionary'', 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. When viewed as a sing ...
, 83 to
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
,
Madagascar Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, f ...
and the Mascarene Islands, 32 to
Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...
and 9 to
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
and the Pacific Islands. ''Vachellia'' comprises the following species: * '' Vachellia abyssinica'' (Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flat top acacia ** subsp. ''abyssinica'' (Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''calophylla'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia acuifera'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—Bahama acacia, cassip, pork-and-doughboy, (''Bahamas'') rosewood * '' Vachellia albicortata'' (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia allenii'' (D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger—Allen acacia * '' Vachellia amythethophylla'' (Steud. ex A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia ancistroclada'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia anegadensis'' (Britton) Seigler & Ebinger—Anegada acacia, blackbrush-wattle, pokemeboy * '' Vachellia antunesii'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia arenaria'' (Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.—sand acacia * '' Vachellia aroma'' (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''aroma'' Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. ** var. ''huarango'' Ruíz & J.Macbr. * '' Vachellia astringens'' (Gillies in Hook. et Arn.) Speg. * '' Vachellia baessleri'' Clarke, Siegler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia barahonensis'' (Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia bavazzanoi'' (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia belairioides'' (Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger—Bellair acacia * '' Vachellia bellula'' (Drake) Boatwr. * '' Vachellia biaciculata'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia bidwillii'' (Benth.) Kodela—corkwood wattle, dogwood. "'Waneu', of the aboriginals of Central Queensland; 'Yadthor', of those of the Cloncurry River, Northern Queensland." * '' Vachellia bilimekii'' (J. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia bolei'' (R.P. Subhedar) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin * '' Vachellia borleae'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.—sticky acacia, named for the collector Jeanne M. Borle. * '' Vachellia brandegeana'' (I. M. Johnst.) Seigler & Ebinger—Baja California acacia * '' Vachellia bravoensis'' (Isely) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia bricchettiana'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia bucheri'' (Marie-Victorín) Seigler & Ebinger—Bucher acacia * '' Vachellia bullockii'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''bullockii'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''induta'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia burttii'' (Bak. f.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia bussei'' (Harms ex Sjöstedt) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia californica'' (Brandegee) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia campechiana'' (Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger—boatthorn acacia, spoon-thorn acacia ** f. ''campechiana'' (Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger ** f. ''houghii'' (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia caurina'' (Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia caven'' (Molina) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''caven'' (Molina) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''dehiscens'' (Ciald.) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''microcarpa '' (Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''stenocarpa '' (Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia cernua'' (Thulin & Hassan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia chiapensis'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—Chiapas acacia * '' Vachellia choriophylla'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—cinnecord acacia, Florida acacia, (''Bahamas'') cinnecord * '' Vachellia clarksoniana'' (Pedley) Kodela * '' Vachellia collinsii'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—Collins acacia * '' Vachellia constricta'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—Whitethorn acacia, Mescat acacia * '' Vachellia cookii'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—Cook acacia, cockspur acacia * '' Vachellia cornigera'' (L.) Seigler & Ebinger—bullhorn wattle, bull's-horn acacia, bull-horn thorn, oxhorn acacia * '' Vachellia cucuyo'' (Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger—Cucuyo acacia * '' Vachellia curvifructa'' (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia daemon'' (Ekman & Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger—Camagüey acacia * '' Vachellia davyi'' (N.E.Br.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—corky-bark acacia * '' Vachellia ditricha'' (Pedley) Kodela * '' Vachellia dolichocephala'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia douglasica'' (Pedley) Kodela * '' Vachellia drepanolobium'' (Harms ex Sjöstedt) P.J.H. Hurter—whistling thorn * '' Vachellia dyeri'' (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia eburnea'' (L.f.) P. Hurter & Mabb. * '' Vachellia ebutsiniorum'' (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Ebutsini acacia * '' Vachellia edgeworthii'' (T.Anders.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia elatior'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''elatior'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''turkanae'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia erioloba'' (E.Mey.) P.J.H. Hurter—camel thorn (''Kameeldoring'') * '' Vachellia erythrophloea'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia etbaica'' (Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—savannah thorn ** subsp. ''australis'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''etbaica'' (Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''platycarpa'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''uncinata'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia exuvialis'' (Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flaky-bark acacia * '' Vachellia farnesiana'' (L.) Wight & Arn.—huisache ** var. ''farnesiana'' (L.) Wight & Arn. ** var. ''guanacastensis'' (H.D.Clarke ''et al''.) Wight & Arn. ** var. ''minuta'' (M.E.Jones) Wight & Arn. ** var. ''pinetorum'' (F.J.Herm.) Wight & Arn.—pineland wattle * '' Vachellia fischeri'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flat-topped thorn * ''
Vachellia flava ''Vachellia flava'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Acacia ehrenbergiana'', is a species of drought-resistant bush or small tree, commonly known as salam in Arabic. It is found in the Sahara, the northern Sahel, parts of East Africa, the Arabian ...
'' (Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia gentlei'' (Standley) Seigler & Ebinger—gentle acacia * '' Vachellia gerrardii'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter—red acacia ** var. ''calvescens'' (Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter ** var. ''gerrardii'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter ** var. ''latisiliqua'' (Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter * '' Vachellia glandulifera'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia globulifera'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—globular acacia * '' Vachellia grandicornuta'' (Gerstner) Seigler & Ebinger—horned-thorn acacia * '' Vachellia guanacastensis'' (Clark, Seigler, & Ebinger) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia gummifera'' (Willd.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—gum-bearing acacia * '' Vachellia haematoxylon'' (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger—gray camel thorn, giraffe thorn * '' Vachellia harmandiana'' (Pierre) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia hebeclada'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—candle-pod acacia ** subsp. ''chobiensis'' (O.B.Miller) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''hebeclada'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''tristis'' (A.Schreiber) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia hindsii'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—Hinds acacia * '' Vachellia hockii'' (De Wild.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia horrida'' (L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—long white-galled acacia ** subsp. ''benadirensis'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''horrida'' (L.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia hydaspica'' (J.R. Drumm. ex R. Parker) Ali * '' Vachellia inopinata'' (Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia insulae-iacobi'' (L. Riley) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia jacquemontii'' (Benth.) ali—baonḷī, raati-banwali * '' Vachellia janzenii'' (Ebinger & Seigler) Seigler & Ebinger—Janzen acacia * '' Vachellia karroo'' (Hayne) Banfi & Galasso—Karroo BushTaxon in the ''V. karroo'' complex, see: * '' Vachellia kingii'' (Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia kirkii'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flood plain acacia ** subsp. ''kirkii'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr. *** var. ''kirkii'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr. *** var. ''sublaevis'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''mildbraedii'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia koltermanii'' R. García, M. Mejía, Ebinger, & Seigler * '' Vachellia kosiensis'' (P.P.Sw. ex Coates Palgr.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—dune acacia, dune sweet-thorn * '' Vachellia lahai'' (Steud. & Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—red-thorn acacia * '' Vachellia lasiopetala'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia latispina'' (J.E.Burrows & S.M.Burrows) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia leucophloea'' (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger—pilang ** var. ''leucophloea'' (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''microcephala'' (Kurz) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia leucospira'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia luederitzii'' (Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—bastard umbrella thorn ** var. ''luederitzii'' (Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Kalahari-sand acacia ** var. ''retinens'' (Sim) Kyal. & Boatwr.—balloon-thorn acacia * '' Vachellia macracantha'' (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger—longspine acacia, French casha, long-spine acacia, porknut, cambrón, long-spined acacia, (''Jamaica'') parknut, (''Virgin Islands'') wild tamarind, (''Netherlands Antilles'') Creole casha, Spanish casha, steel acacia, (''Virgin Islands'') stink casha, strink casha * '' Vachellia macrothyrsa'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia malacocephala'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.—black-galled acacia * '' Vachellia mayana'' (Lundell) Seigler & Ebinger—Maya Acacia * '' Vachellia mbuluensis'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—hairy-galled acacia * '' Vachellia melanoceras'' (Beurl.) Seigler & Ebinger—blackthorn acacia, bullhorn acacia * '' Vachellia montana'' (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia myaingii'' (Lace) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia myrmecophila'' (R.Vig.) Boatwr. * '' Vachellia natalitia'' (E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—pale-bark acacia, pale-bark sweet thorn * '' Vachellia nebrownii'' (Burtt Davy) Seigler & Ebinger—water acacia, water thorn * '' Vachellia negrii'' (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr. *'' Vachellia nilotica'' (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.—scented-pod acacia, gum Arabic tree, babul, Amrad gum, thorny mimosa of India ** subsp. ''adstringens'' (Schumach. & Thonn.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''cupressiformis'' (J.L.Stewart) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''hemispherica'' (Ali & Faruqi) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''indica'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.—Babul, Prickly acacia ** subsp. ''kraussiana'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''leiocarpa'' (Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''nilotica'' (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''subalata'' (Vatke) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''tomentosa'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. * '' Vachellia nubica'' (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia oerfota'' (Forssk) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''brevifolia'' (Boulos) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''oerfota'' (Forssk) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia origena'' (Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia ormocarpoides'' (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Leolo thorn * '' Vachellia oviedoensis'' (R. García & M. Mejía) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia pacensis'' (Rudd & Carter) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia pachyphloia'' (W. Fitzg.) Kodela ** subsp. ''brevipinnula'' (Tindale & Kodela) Kodela ** subsp. ''pachyphloia'' (W. Fitzg.) Kodela * '' Vachellia pallidifolia'' (Tindale) Kodela * '' Vachellia paolii'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''paolii'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''paucijuga'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia pennatula'' (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger—feather acacia ** var. ''parvicephala'' Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''pennatula'' (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia permixta'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.—slender acacia * '' Vachellia pilispina'' (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.—mpande * '' Vachellia polypyrigenes'' (Greenm.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia prasinata'' (Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia pringlei'' (Rose) Seigler & Ebinger—Pringle acacia ** var. ''californica'' —California Pringle acacia ** var. ''pringlei'' (Rose) Seigler & Ebinger—typical Pringle acacia * '' Vachellia pseudofistula'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.—ant-galled acacia * '' Vachellia qandalensis'' (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia quintanilhae'' (Torre) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia reficiens'' (Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr.—red-bark acacia ** subsp. ''misera'' (Vatke) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''reficiens'' (Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia rehmanniana'' (Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.—silky acacia * '' Vachellia rigidula'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—blackbrush acacia, blackbrush * '' Vachellia robbertsei'' (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Sekhukhune acacia * '' Vachellia robusta'' (Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—splendid acacia ** subsp. ''clavigera'' (E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—river acacia ** subsp. ''robusta'' (Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—robust acacia ** subsp. ''usambarensis'' (Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia roigii'' (Léon) Seigler & Ebinger—Roig acacia * '' Vachellia rorudiana'' (Christopherson) Seigler & Ebinger—Galapagos acacia * '' Vachellia ruddiae'' (D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger—Rudd acacia * '' Vachellia schaffneri'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger—Schaffner's wattle, twisted acacia ** var. ''bravoensis'' (Isely) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''schaffneri'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia schottii'' (Torr.) Seigler & Ebinger—Schott's wattle * '' Vachellia sekhukhuniensis'' (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Sekhukhune thorn * '' Vachellia seyal'' (Delile) P.J.H. Hurter—white whistling thorn ** var. ''fistula'' (Schweinf.) P.J.H. Hurter ** var. ''seyal'' (Delile) P.J.H. Hurter * '' Vachellia siamensis'' (Craib) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia sieberiana'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—longpod thorn, false paperbark thorn ** var. ''sieberiana'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''villosa'' (A.Chev.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''woodii'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.—paperbark acacia, paperbark thorn * '' Vachellia sphaerocephala'' (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger—roundhead acacia, bee wattle * '' Vachellia stuhlmannii'' (Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—olive-barked thorn, vlei acacia * '' Vachellia suberosa'' (A. Cunn. ex Benth.) Kodela—corkybark wattle * '' Vachellia sutherlandii'' (F. Muell.) Kodela—corkwood wattle * '' Vachellia swazica'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Swazi acacia * '' Vachellia tenuispina'' (Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.—turf acacia * '' Vachellia tephrophylla'' (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia theronii'' (P.P.Sw.) Boatwr.—slender mountain thorn * '' Vachellia tomentosa'' (Rottler) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger—klampis * '' Vachellia torrei'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Mozambique sticky thorn * '' Vachellia tortilis'' (Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi—umbrella thorn, umbrella acacia ** subsp. ''heteracantha'' (Burch.) Galasso & Banfi ** subsp. ''raddiana'' (Savi) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''pubescens'' (A.Chev.) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''raddiana'' (Savi) Galasso & Banfi ** subsp. ''spirocarpa'' (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''crinita'' (Chiov.) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''spirocarpa'' (Hochst. ex. A.Rich.) Galasso & Banfi ** subsp. ''tortilis'' (Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi * '' Vachellia tortuosa'' (L.) Seigler & Ebinger—twisted acacia, acacia bush, casia, catclaw, Dutch casha, huisachillo, Rio Grande acacia, sweet briar, sweet-briar, wild poponax * '' Vachellia turnbulliana'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—velvet pod acacia * '' Vachellia valida'' (Tindale & Kodela) Kodela * '' Vachellia vernicosa'' (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger—viscid acacia * '' Vachellia viguieri'' (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr. * '' Vachellia villaregalis'' (McVaugh) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia walwalensis'' (Gilliland) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia xanthophloea'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter—fever tree * '' Vachellia zanzibarica'' (S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr.—coastal whistling thorn ** var. ''microphylla'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''zanzibarica'' (S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia zapatensis'' (Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger


''Incertae sedis''

These species are suspected to belong to ''Vachellia'', but have not been formally transferred. * '' Acacia callicoma'' Meisn. * '' Acacia harala'' Thulin & Gifri * '' Acacia hunteri'' Oliv. * '' Acacia johnwoodii'' Boulos * '' Acacia planifrons'' Koenig ex Wight & Arn. * '' Acacia pseudo-eburnea'' J.R. Drumm. ex Dunn * '' Acacia tanjorensis'' Ragup., Thoth. & Mahad. * '' Acacia yemenensis'' Boulos


Hybrids

* ''Vachellia'' × ''cedilloi'' (Rico Arce) Seigler & Ebinger * ''Vachellia campechiana'' × ''pennatula'' * ''Vachellia erioloba'' × ''haematoxylon'' * ''Vachellia'' × ''gladiata'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger * ''Vachellia kirkii'' × ''seyal'' * ''Vachellia macracantha'' × ''pennatula'' * ''Vachellia seyal'' var. ''fistula'' × ''xanthophloea'' * ''Vachellia'' × ''standleyi'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q956173 Fabaceae genera Taxa named by George Arnott Walker Arnott Taxa named by Robert Wight