]

] Utilities in Azerbaijan cover the topic of

public utility A public utility company (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using that infrastructure). Public utilities are subject to forms of public control and ...

services in the territory of Azerbaijani Republic. The

utilities A public utility company (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using that infrastructure). Public utilities are subject to forms of public control and r ...

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...

are provided by the government owned

public utilities A public utility company (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using that infrastructure). Public utilities are subject to forms of public control and r ...

: “Azersu” for the

water supply Water supply is the provision of water by public utilities, commercial organisations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a system of pumps and pipes. Public water supply systems are crucial to properly functioning societies. Th ...

and

waste management Waste management or waste disposal includes the processes and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. This includes the collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste, together with monitor ...

, “ Azerishiq” and “ Azerenerji” for

electricity Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwel ...

, “Azerigaz” for

natural gas Natural gas (also fossil gas, methane gas, and gas) is a naturally occurring compound of gaseous hydrocarbons, primarily methane (95%), small amounts of higher alkanes, and traces of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and helium ...

, “Azeristiliktechizat” for

district heating District heating (also known as heat networks) is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location through a system of insulated pipes for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heater, space heating and w ...

Electricity

Electrical power is the widely utilized energy source in

in terms of domestic and industrial use. Electricity production and its distribution are covered by the state-owned Azerenerji JSC and Azerishig JSC. The first electricity production plants in

were established at Bayil avenue ("Bakinski dok") in 1895 and in Bibiheybat-Bayil cape which was put into use in 1901, as well as the Belqorod power station in Beliy Qorod in 1902. Private power companies and stations were nationalized after Azerbaijan was invaded by the 11th Army of Soviet Russia in 1920. Baku power network operated under “Elektrotok” department of

Azneft The State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan (), largely known by its abbreviation SOCAR, is a fully state-owned national oil and gas company headquartered in Baku, Azerbaijan. The company produces oil and natural gas from onshore and of ...

until it was transferred to newly established "Azenerji" Azerbaijan Region Energy Office in 1935. Throughout the years, a number of changes were applied to the companies dealing with electrical power production and distribution. In 1993 “ Azerenerji Production Association” was formed as a public company responsible for electrical power production and transmission in the country which was transformed into “ Azerenerji JSC” in 1996. Baku Power Network operated under different public organizations and it became separate state-owned company – “Bakielektrikshebeke JSC” according to the Presidential decree dated on 14 June 2000. Its functions suspended in 2002 and restored in 2006. It is called “Azerishig JSC” based on the Presidential Decree dated 10.02.2015 and is responsible for electrical power provision to the subscribers. The whole country's electricity demand is furnished by the power stations operating under Azerenerji. 13 of those stations are

thermal power station A thermal power station, also known as a thermal power plant, is a type of power station in which the heat energy generated from various fuel sources (e.g., coal, natural gas, nuclear fuel, etc.) is converted to electrical energy. The heat ...

s with the installed capacity of 5134 MW power, and 17 are hydro-power stations with the installed capacity of 1162.2 MW power. Moreover, a number of small power stations have been set up by other companies in the country by utilizing water, wind, solar, domestic wastes. Electricity production reached 24.32 billion kWh in 2017, while consumption was 17.09 billion kWh. Total installed capacity in September 2019 is 6.6455 million kW. Eight thermal plants supply 80% of capacity, including Shimal-2 power station put into used in early September 2019. 12% comes from 2 hydroelectric plants ( Mingachevir HPP and Shamkir HPP), and the rest from other thermal, hydro and small hydro plants. The main power plants (both are

thermal A thermal column (or thermal) is a rising mass of buoyant air, a convective current in the atmosphere, that transfers heat energy vertically. Thermals are created by the uneven heating of Earth's surface from solar radiation, and are an example ...

) are near

Shirvan Shirvan (from ; ; Tat: ''Şirvan'') is a historical region in the eastern Caucasus, as known in both pre-Islamic Sasanian and Islamic times. Today, the region is an industrially and agriculturally developed part of the Republic of Azerbaijan ...

(Janub TPP - 780 MW) and

Mingechaur Mingachevir ( ) is the fourth largest city in Azerbaijan with a population of about 106,000. It is often called the "city of lights" because of its hydroelectric power station on the Kura River, which divides the city down the middle. The curren ...

(Azerbaijan TPP - 2,400 MW).

Natural gas

Transmission, distribution and production of

in the territory of the Azerbaijani Republic is regulated by the state-owned company Azerigaz Production Union under

SOCAR The State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan (), largely known by its abbreviation SOCAR, is a fully state-owned national oil and gas company headquartered in Baku, Azerbaijan. The company produces oil and natural gas from onshore and o ...

. “The State Program on Socio-economic Development of the Regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2004-2008)" approved by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated February 11, 2004 and The State Program on the Development of the Energy Complex (2005-2015) dated February 14, 2005 accelerated the process of natural gas supply of the economy and population of

and the restructuring of the gas sector. The Presidential decrees on State Program on Development of Fuel and Energy Complex (2005-2015) of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated 14 February 2005, State Program on Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2009-2013 dated 14 August 2009, “State Program on the socio-economic development of Baku and its settlements" dated 4 May 2011, "State program of economic development of the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan for 2014-2018" dated 17 January 2014 and "State Program on socio-economic development of Baku and its settlements in 2014-2016" dated 27 February 2014 improved gas supply in the country. The decree on “Removal of debt of population for natural gas consumption” signed by the

President of Azerbaijan The president of the Republic of Azerbaijan is the head of state of the Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan. The Constitution of Azerbaijan, Constitution states that the president is the embodiment of Executive (government), executive power, co ...

on December 29, 2009, provided cleanup of unpaid bills of population for natural gas until 1 October 2009. Natural gas network was extended to 1309 settlements between 2009 and 2016. Natural gas supply level in

reached 87.8% in October 2016. As the result of the execution of

gasification Gasification is a process that converts biomass- or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous materials into gases, including as the largest fractions: nitrogen (N2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), and carbon dioxide (). This is achieved by reacting ...

program, natural gas supply level in 5 cities (

Sumgait Sumqayit (or Sumgait; ; , ) is a city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, on the Absheron Peninsula, about away from the capital Baku. The city had a population of 427,000 at the beginning of 2024, making it the List of cities in Azerb ...

Mingachevir Mingachevir ( ) is the fourth largest city in Azerbaijan with a population of about 106,000. It is often called the "city of lights" because of its hydroelectric power station on the Kura (South Caucasus river), Kura River, which divides the city ...

Ganja ''Ganja'' (, ; ) is one of the oldest and most commonly used synonyms for cannabis flower, specifically marijuana or hashish. Its usage in English dates to before 1689. Etymology ''Ganja'' is borrowed from Hindi (, IPA: �aːɲd͡ʒa� ...

, Naftalan and

) and 6 rayons ( Absheron, Bilasuvar,

Hajiqabul Hajigabul () is a town, municipality and the capital of Hajigabul District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 23,512. The municipality consists of the city of Qazıməmməd and the village of Balıqçı. History It was named after a nearby e ...

, Fuzuli, Balakan and

Qazakh Qazax (; ) is a city in and the capital of the Gazakh District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 20,900. Gazakh is a city and administrative district in the west of Azerbaijan, the "western gate" of Azerbaijan. History Early history I ...

) increased to 100%. Distribution of household according to amenities Azerbaijan

]

Water supply

Potable water supply and sanitation services in Azerbaijan are centrally managed by Azersu JSC. The company is responsible for taking water from the sources, processing, transporting and distributing of water, and purifying wastewater. Azersu also deal with designing water intake structures, reservoirs, pumping stations, water pipelines, sewage collectors, and their construction, operation and maintenance. Azersu controls 18K kilometers of water transmission lines and 3500 kilometers of Sewerage, sewer and

stormwater Stormwater, also written storm water, is water that originates from precipitation (storm), including heavy rain and meltwater from hail and snow. Stormwater can soak into the soil ( infiltrate) and become groundwater, be stored on depressed lan ...

lines. Water supply Baku city and Absheron peninsula is fulfilled from 5 – 3 underground and 2 surface water sources: 2 underground water sources located in Khachmaz, the underground water source of Oghuz, and Jeyranbatan reservoir, as well as Kura River. Drinking water is delivered to

Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...

through Shollar and Second Baku waterlines from Khachmaz, waterlines from Kura and Jeyranbatan water treatment plants and Oguz-Qabala-Baku waterline.

District heating

Heating supply to subscribers is managed by Azeristiliktechizat JSC established in June 2005. This company deal with the generation of

thermal energy The term "thermal energy" is often used ambiguously in physics and engineering. It can denote several different physical concepts, including: * Internal energy: The energy contained within a body of matter or radiation, excluding the potential en ...

, its transmission, distribution and sale, at the same time provides heating supply to residential houses and apartments, educational and healthcare facilities, as well as other social facilities based in

and different regions of the country.

Post and telecommunication

The first post office in the territory of

was opened in

in 1818, and the network extended to

, Nakhchivan,

Shusha Shusha (, ) or Shushi () is a city in Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Situated at an altitude of 1,400–1,800 metres (4,600–5,900 ft) in the Karabakh mountains, the city was a mountain resort in the Soviet Union, Soviet ...

Shamakhi Shamakhi (, ) is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Shamakhi District. The city's estimated population was 31,704. It is famous for its traditional dancers, the Shamakhi Dancers, and also for perhaps giving its name to th ...

and Guba until 1830. Postal items were delivered by railway for the first time in 1883 between

and

Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

. The Ministry of Post and Telegraph was formed on October 6, 1918. Azerpost is the only national postal operator providing postal services in

. In addition to Azerpost, there are more than 60 private postal operators providing fast and courier mail services to entities and individuals.

Telephone

The first telephone line in

was established in 1881 by “Nobel Brothers’ society”. There are 2 main public operator providing fixed telephone network services in Azerbaijan. One of them is Aztelekom established in 1992 as a national communication operator in order to improve telecommunication services in the country. The other is Baku Telephone Communications LLC. The wired and wireless telephone network of Baku Telephone Communications LLC covers administrative districts of Baku, and Aztelekom's network covers the whole country except

and Nakhchivan. Asan kommunal Azerbaijan

Asan Kommunal

ASAN Kommunal (ASAN Utilities) centers under the State Agency on Public Services and Social Innovations were established according to the Presidential Decree dated 04.05.2016 in order to provide customer services in public utilities sector to legal entities and individuals in a single location based on

ASAN service The ASAN service () is an Azerbaijani state agency for public services. The agency's goal is to make services more easily accessible to citizens using modern technologies.

principles. These centers offer more than 40 services of Azerishig, Azersu and Azerigaz related to electricity, water and natural gas provision in addition to banking and insurance services. There are two centers of ASAN Kommunal operating in

Utility tariff

Utility tariffs in

are assigned by the Tariff (price) Council of the Azerbaijan Republic established in 2005 in order to reinforce anti-inflationary measures in the country. The council is chaired by the Minister of Economy and Industry. Its regulations are applied to processing, transportation, wholesale and retail tariffs of natural gas; general-purpose postal services; electricity; water supply, solid waste collection, transportation and disposal; services rendered by Azeristiliktechizat Open Joint Stock Company; communication services via fixed telephone network; as well as public transport services.{{Cite web, url=http://www.tariffcouncil.gov.az/?/az/content/36/, title=Tariff Council - tariffs, website=www.tariffcouncil.gov.az, language=en, access-date=2018-09-12, archive-date=2018-09-18, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918194206/http://www.tariffcouncil.gov.az/?%2Faz%2Fcontent%2F36%2F, url-status=live

References

Economy of Azerbaijan