United Nations Security Council resolution 836 was adopted on 4 June 1993. After reaffirming Resolution 713 (1991) and all subsequent resolutions on the situation in the

former Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country ...

, the Council expressed its alarm at the continuing situation in

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

and decided to expand the mandate of the

United Nations Protection Force The United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR; also known by its French acronym FORPRONU: ''Force de Protection des Nations Unies'') was the first United Nations peacekeeping force in Croatia and in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Yugoslav War ...

(UNPROFOR) by allowing it to use force to protect the " safe areas". The council reaffirmed Resolution 819 (1993) which demanded that a number of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina be treated as safe areas and also affirmed the sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of the country, condemning all military attacks and actions against it. The council also expressed its alarm about serious violations of

international humanitarian law International humanitarian law (IHL), also referred to as the laws of armed conflict or the laws of war, is the law that regulates the conduct of war (''wikt:jus in bello, jus in bello''). It is a branch of international law that seeks to limit ...

including the acquisition of territory by force or by

ethnic cleansing Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous. Along with direct removal such as deportation or population transfer, it ...

. The resolution also reaffirmed the ban on military flights imposed in resolutions 781 (1992), 786 (1992) and 816 (1993) over Bosnia and Herzegovina and asserted that the concept of the "safe areas" was in response to an emergency and would contribute to a lasting political solution, but not be an end in itself. It also stressed a lasting solution would require the end of hostilities, withdrawal from territories seized by force or by ethnic cleansing, the right of

refugee A refugee, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), is a person "forced to flee their own country and seek safety in another country. They are unable to return to their own country because of feared persecution as ...

s to return to their homes, and respect for the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Acting under

Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military a ...

, the Council called for the full implementation of all its previous resolutions and decided the expand the mandate of UNPROFOR to enable it to deter attacks against the safe areas, to monitor the ceasefire, to promote the withdrawal of military or paramilitary units other than those of the

Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina The Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian language, Bosnian/Croatian language, Croatian: ''Vijeće ministara Bosne i Hercegovine'', ), often called Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina (, ), is the Executive (government), execu ...

and to occupy some key points on the ground in addition to providing

humanitarian aid Humanitarian aid is material and Humanitarian Logistics, logistic assistance, usually in the short-term, to people in need. Among the people in need are the homelessness, homeless, refugees, and victims of natural disasters, wars, and famines. Th ...

provided for in Resolution 776 (1992). The safe areas imposed were temporary measures with the aim of reversing the consequences of violence and allowing displaced persons to return home. Addressing the Secretary-General

Boutros Boutros-Ghali Boutros Boutros-Ghali (14 November 1922 – 16 February 2016) was an Egyptian politician and diplomat who served as the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1992 to 1996. Prior to his appointment as secretary-general, Boutros-Gha ...

, the Council asked him to make adjustments or to reinforce UNPROFOR to implement the present resolution and to direct the UNPROFOR Force Commander to redeploy troops in Bosnia and Herzegovina, urging Member States to contribute to the

peacekeeping Peacekeeping comprises activities, especially military ones, intended to create conditions that favor lasting peace. Research generally finds that peacekeeping reduces civilian and battlefield deaths, as well as reduces the risk of renewed w ...

force both in terms of personnel and logistics. UNPROFOR was then authorised to take measures, including the use of force, in response to bombing, raids or the interference of UNPROFOR or humanitarian convoys in the safe areas. The council also authorised states to use all necessary measures, through air power, to support UNPROFOR around the safe areas. The Secretary-General was requested within 7 days to report on how the current resolution would be implemented and the costs involved. Within 2 months, Boutros-Ghali had to report on the implementation and enforcement of this resolution. Finally, the council stressed the possibility of imposing new and tougher measures if necessary. Resolution 836 was adopted by 13 votes to none, with two

abstention Abstention is a term in election procedure for when a participant in a Voting, vote either does not go to vote (on election day) or, in parliamentary procedure, is present during the vote but does not cast a ballot. Abstention must be contrast ...

s from

Pakistan Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, having the Islam by country# ...

and

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

References

External links

*
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
{{UNSCR 1993 0836 0836 1993 in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1993 in Croatia 0836 June 1993

See also

References

External links