Ultra High Frequency Follow-On (UFO) satellite system is a

United States Department of Defense The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD, or DOD) is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government charged with coordinating and superv ...

(DoD) program sponsored and operated by the

United States Space Force The United States Space Force (USSF) is the space force branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is one of the six United States Armed Forces, armed forces of the United States and one of the eight uniformed services of the Unite ...

to provide communications for airborne, ship, submarine and ground forces. The UFO constellation replaced the U.S. DoD Fleet Satellite Communications System (FLTSATCOM) constellation and consisted of eleven satellites. The ground terminal segment consists of equipment and resident personnel at existing satellite communication stations. The satellites are controlled by the 10th Space Operations Squadron (

Space Delta 8 Space Delta 8 (DEL 8) is the United States Space Force unit responsible for military satellite communications and operates a variety of satellite constellation. It is headquartered at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado. History Before the f ...

) located at the

Naval Base Ventura County Naval Base Ventura County (NBVC) is a United States Navy base in Ventura County, California. Formed by the merger of Naval Air Station Point Mugu, NAS Point Mugu and Naval Construction Battalion Center Port Hueneme, CBC Port Hueneme, NBVC is a d ...

Point Mugu Point Mugu (, Chumash: ''Muwu'') is a cape or promontory within Point Mugu State Park on the Pacific Coast in Ventura County, near the city of Port Hueneme and the city of Oxnard. The name is believed to be derived from the Chumash India ...

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

Satellite description

The

Ultra high frequency Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one tenth of a meter ...

(UHF) satellites primarily served tactical users. UFO provided almost twice as many channels as FLTSATCOM and has about 10% more power per channel. THe satellites were built by Boeing Integrated Defense Systems (formerly Hughes Space and Communications Company) and were based on the 601 series of communciations satellites. The

Extremely high frequency Extremely high frequency (EHF) is the International Telecommunication Union designation for the band of radio frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum from 30 to 300 gigahertz (GHz). It is in the microwave part of the radio spectrum, between t ...

(EHF) package on satellites four through eleven have an Earth coverage beam and a steerable five-degree spot beam that enhances its tactical use. The EHF capability also allows the UFO network to connect to the strategic

Milstar Milstar (Military Strategic and Tactical Relay) is a constellation of military communications satellites in geosynchronous orbit, which are operated by the United States Space Force, and provide secure and jam-resistant worldwide communications ...

system. Satellites eight, nine and ten also carry the Global Broadcast Service antennas that operate in the

Ka-band The Ka band (pronounced as either "kay-ay band" or "ka band") is a portion of the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The designation "Ka-band" is from Kurz-above, which stems from the German word ''kurz,'' meaning "short". There ...

. The

Atlas An atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a bundle of world map, maps of Earth or of a continent or region of Earth. Advances in astronomy have also resulted in atlases of the celestial sphere or of other planets. Atlases have traditio ...

was the

launch vehicle A launch vehicle is typically a rocket-powered vehicle designed to carry a payload (a crewed spacecraft or satellites) from Earth's surface or lower atmosphere to outer space. The most common form is the ballistic missile-shaped multistage ...

of choice; however, space shuttle compatibility existed. The UFO bus and payload weigh . The

solar panels A solar panel is a device that converts sunlight into electricity by using photovoltaic (PV) cells. PV cells are made of materials that produce excited electrons when exposed to light. These electrons flow through a circuit and produce direct ...

spans and produces 2,500

watts Watts is plural for ''watt'', the unit of power. Watts may also refer to: People *Watts (surname), a list of people with the surname Watts Fictional characters *Albie Watts, a fictional character in the British soap opera ''EastEnders'' *Angie ...

at the end of the planned 14-year lifetime. The UHF system supports stationary and mobile users including manportable, ships, submarines, aircraft and other mobile terminals. The UFO Follow-On system is scheduled for replacement by the

Mobile User Objective System The Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) is a United States Space Force narrowband military communications satellite system that supports a worldwide, multi-service population of users in the ultra high frequency (UHF) band. The system provides ...

(MUOS).

Block Upgrades

Block 1 satellites had UHF and SHF communications. Block 2 satellites, starting with UHF 4, added extremely high frequency package with 11 channels. Block 3 satellites replaced the SFH communications with Ka-band transponders. Block 4 satellite incorporated a digital UHF receiver and two additional UHF channels.

Launch

First launch of the UFO took place on 25 March 1993, with constellation completion dependent on replacement needs for the aging FLTSATCOM constellation.

Table of Satellites

References

{{Reflist, 30em

External links

* GlobalSecurity.org
MUOS system
Military communications Equipment of the United States Space Force Military space program of the United States Satellites using the BSS-601 bus