Ulmus 'Horizontalis'
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The
Wych Elm ''Ulmus glabra'', the wych elm or Scots elm, has the widest range of the European elm species, from Ireland eastwards to the Ural Mountains, and from the Arctic Circle south to the mountains of the Peloponnese and Sicily, where the species reac ...
cultivar A cultivar is a kind of Horticulture, cultivated plant that people have selected for desired phenotypic trait, traits and which retains those traits when Plant propagation, propagated. Methods used to propagate cultivars include division, root a ...
''Ulmus glabra'' 'Horizontalis', commonly known as the Weeping Wych Elm or Horizontal Elm, was discovered in a
Perth Perth () is the list of Australian capital cities, capital city of Western Australia. It is the list of cities in Australia by population, fourth-most-populous city in Australia, with a population of over 2.3 million within Greater Perth . The ...
nursery circa 1816. The tree was originally identified as 'Pendula' by
Loddiges The Loddiges family (not uncommonly mis-spelt ''Loddige'') managed one of the most notable of the eighteenth and nineteenth century plant nurseries that traded in and introduced exotic plants, trees, shrubs, ferns, palms and orchids into European ...
(London), in his catalogue of 1836, a name adopted by Loudon two years later i
''Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum'', 3: 1398, 1838
but later sunk as a synonym for 'Horizontalis'.


Description

'Horizontalis' has branches that extend out horizontally with weeping branchlets. It is usually grafted onto a tall understock of ''
Ulmus glabra ''Ulmus glabra'', the wych elm or Scots elm, has the widest range of the European elm species, from Ireland eastwards to the Ural Mountains, and from the Arctic Circle south to the mountains of the Peloponnese and Sicily, where the species reach ...
'' to effectively display its weeping habit. The tree can eventually grow to a height of 20 metres with a similar spread. It can be distinguished from the related
Camperdown Elm The Wych Elm cultivar ''Ulmus glabra'' 'Camperdownii', commonly known as the Camperdown Elm, was discovered about 1835–1840 (often mis-stated as '1640') as a young contorted elm (a sport) growing in the forest at Camperdown House, in Dun ...
by its more spreading and flattened canopy and much larger mature size, although its shape does vary widely, as noted by Loudon: "A beautiful...tree generally growing to one side, spreading its branches out in a fan-like manner...sometimes horizontally and at other times almost perpendicularly downwards so that the head of the tree exhibits great variety of shape". File:Ulmus glabra 'Horizontalis' kz02.jpg, Spring foliage of 'Horizontalis' File:Leaves of Ulmus glabra 'Horizontalis'.jpg, Dried short-shoot 'Horizontalis' leaves (August) File:St Philip's Cathedral churchyard - geograph.org.uk - 1604362.jpg, 'Horizontalis', St Philip's Cathedral churchyard, Birmingham Image:Top of pendula.jpg, Top of 'Horizontalis' in Royal Pavilion Gardens, Brighton, UK, in 1988 File:Ulmus glabra 'Horizontalis'. Seafield Cemetery, Edinburgh (2).jpg, An expert graft, for even, horizontal growth File:Ulmus glabra 'Horizontalis' samarae. East gate, Warriston Cemetery. Edinburgh.jpg, 'Horizontalis' samarae


Pests and diseases

'Horizontalis' is not known to be any less susceptible to Dutch elm disease than the species.


Cultivation

The cultivar was found in a bed of seedling in the Perth Nursery, the plant was purchased by Booth of
Hamburg Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-lar ...
, Germany, who then distributed it. Specimens supplied by the
Späth nursery The Späth (often spelt ''Spaeth'') family created one of the world's most notable plant nurseries of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The nursery had been founded in 1720 by Christoph Späth but removed to the erstwhile district of Baumschulen ...
to the
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies ...
in 1902 as ''U. montana'' 'Horizontalis' may survive in
Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. The city is located in southeast Scotland and is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth and to the south by the Pentland Hills. Edinburgh ...
as it was the practice of the Garden to distribute trees about the city (viz. the Wentworth Elm); the current list of Living Accessions held in the Garden ''per se'' does not list the plant. 'Horizontalis' was also known to have been marketed in Poland in the 19th century by the Ulrich nursery.Ulrich, C. (1894), ''Katalog Drzew i Krezewow, C. Ulrich'', Rok 1893-94, Warszawa
Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...
. File:Ulmus glabra 'Horizontalis' kz01.jpg, 'Horizontalis', Queenstown Gardens,
Queenstown, New Zealand Queenstown () is a resort town in Otago in the south-west of New Zealand's South Island. It is the seat and largest town in the Queenstown-Lakes District. The town located on the northwestern edge of Lake Wakatipu, a long, thin, Z-shaped lake ...
(2017)


Notable trees

There are two notable T.R.O.B.I. "champion" trees in the British Isles: one at Rathmullan House,
County Donegal County Donegal ( ; ) is a Counties of Ireland, county of the Republic of Ireland. It is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Ulster and is the northernmost county of Ireland. The county mostly borders Northern Ireland, sharing only a small b ...
, measuring high by DBH in 2010, and the other at Glen Mooar,
Isle of Man The Isle of Man ( , also ), or Mann ( ), is a self-governing British Crown Dependency in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland. As head of state, Charles III holds the title Lord of Mann and is represented by a Lieutenant Govern ...
, measuring high by DBH in 1998.. Ulmus glabra horizontalis.jpg, Old 'Horizontalis',
Ballarat Ballarat ( ) () is a city in the Central Highlands of Victoria, Australia. At the 2021 census, Ballarat had a population of 111,973, making it the third-largest urban inland city in Australia and the third-largest city in Victoria. Within mo ...
Botanical Garden, Australia


Synonymy

*'Tabletop Elm': Anon. *''Ulmus glabra'' 'Pendula' Anon. *''Ulmus montana (: glabra)'' var. ''decumbens'': Masters
''Hortus Duroverni'', 67, 1831
name in synonymy. *''Ulmus montana (: glabra)'' var. ''pendula''.
Loddiges The Loddiges family (not uncommonly mis-spelt ''Loddige'') managed one of the most notable of the eighteenth and nineteenth century plant nurseries that traded in and introduced exotic plants, trees, shrubs, ferns, palms and orchids into European ...
, ( Hackney,
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
), Catalogue 1836, and Loudon, ''Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum'', 3: 1398, 1838, also by Krüssmann in Parey ''Blumengartn.'' ed. 2, 1: 519, 1958, as a cultivar. *''Ulmus montana (: glabra)'' 'Parasol':
Koch Koch may refer to: People * Koch (surname), people with this surname * Koch dynasty, a dynasty in Assam and Bengal, north east India * Koch family * Koch people (or Koche), an ethnic group originally from the ancient Koch kingdom in north east In ...

''Dendrologie; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden'' 2 (1): 417, 1872
name in synonymy. *''Ulmus pendulina'':
Sinclair Sinclair may refer to: Places * Lake Sinclair, near Milledgeville, Georgia * Mount Sinclair, Canada * Sinclair, Iowa * Sinclair, West Virginia * Sinclair, Wyoming * Sinclair Mills, British Columbia * Sinclair Township, Minnesota * Sincl ...
, in
Donn In Irish mythology, Donn ("the dark one", from ) is an ancestor of the Gaels and is believed to have been a god of the dead. Donn is said to dwell in Tech Duinn (the "house of Donn" or "house of the dark one"), where the souls of the dead gathe ...
, ''Hortus Cantabrigensis'' ed. 12. 110, 1831, but without description.


Varieties

A variegated sport of 'Horizontalis', 'Pendula Variegata', was in cultivation in the 19th and early 20th centuries.


Accessions

;North America *
Dawes Arboretum The Dawes Arboretum is a nonprofit arboretum located in Newark, Ohio. It includes nearly of plant collections, gardens and natural areas. The site includes approximately 12 miles (19 km) of hiking trails and roadways for a four-mile (6&nb ...
br>
Newark, Ohio Newark ( ) is a city in Licking County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located east of Columbus, Ohio, Columbus at the junction of the forks of the Licking River (Ohio), Licking River. The population was 49,934 at the 2020 United ...
, US. 2 trees, no acc. details available. *
Holden Arboretum The Holden Arboretum, in Kirtland, Ohio, is one of the largest arboreta and botanical gardens in the United States, with more than , including devoted to collections and gardens. Diverse natural areas and ecologically sensitive habitats make u ...
, US. Acc. no. 55-1033 (as ''U. glabra'' 'Pendula'). * Morris Arboretumbr>
University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (Penn or UPenn) is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. One of nine colonial colleges, it was chartered in 1755 through the efforts of f ...
, US. Acc. no. 56-239-A ;Europe * Arboretum de La Petite Loiteriebr>
Monthodon, France. No details available *
Brighton & Hove Brighton and Hove ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority area, ceremonially in East Sussex, England. There are multiple villages alongside the seaside resorts of Brighton and Hove in the district. It is administe ...
City Council, UK.
NCCPG Plant Heritage, formerly known as the National Council for the Conservation of Plants and Gardens (NCCPG), is a registered charity and a botanical conservation organisation in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1978 to combine the talents of bot ...
Elm Collection. Several trees, largest in
Royal Pavilion The Royal Pavilion (also known as the Brighton Pavilion) and surrounding gardens is a Grade I listed former royal residence located in Brighton, England. Beginning in 1787, it was built in three stages as a seaside retreat for George, Prince o ...
Grounds. * Dubrava Arboretum, Lithuania. No details available. *Hortus Botanicus Nationalis,
Salaspils Salaspils (; ; ) (literally: "island castle") is a town in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It is the administrative centre of Salaspils Municipality. The town is situated on the northern bank of the Daugava river, 18 kilometers to the south-east ...
, Latvia. Acc. nos. 18112, 18113, (as ''U. glabra'' 'Pendula'). * Linnaean Gardens of Uppsala, Finland. Acc. nos. 1976-1051, 1974-1111, 1977-1092 (as forma ''pendula'', and 'Pendula' resp.). *
Sir Harold Hillier Gardens The Sir Harold Hillier Gardens is an arboretum comprising 72 hectares (180 acres) accommodating over 42,000 trees and shrubs in about 12,000 taxa, notably a collection of oaks, camellia, magnolia and rhododendron. The Gardens are located north ...
,
Ampfield Ampfield is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Test Valley in Hampshire, England, between Romsey, Eastleigh, and Winchester. It had a population at the 2001 census of 1,474, increasing to 1,583 at the 2011 Census. The civil parish of ...
,
Hampshire Hampshire (, ; abbreviated to Hants.) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South East England. It is bordered by Berkshire to the north, Surrey and West Sussex to the east, the Isle of Wight across the Solent to the south, ...
, UK; acc. no. 1977.5056 *Strona Arboretum Ulmus lamellosa, University of Life Sciences,
Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...
, Poland. Listed as ''Ulmus glabra'' 'Pendula' *
Tallinn Tallinn is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Estonia, most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a Tallinn Bay, bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, it has a population of (as of 2025) and ...
Botanic Garden, Estoni

Listed as 'Pendula'; no accession details available. *
University of Copenhagen The University of Copenhagen (, KU) is a public university, public research university in Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1479, the University of Copenhagen is the second-oldest university in Scandinavia, after Uppsala University. ...
, Denmark. Listed as ''Ulmus glabra'' 'Pendula'; no accession details available.


Australasia

*
Ballarat Botanical Gardens The Ballarat Botanical Gardens Reserve, located on the western shore of picturesque Lake Wendouree, in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, covers an area of 40 hectares which is divided into three distinct zones. The central Botanical Gardens reserve ...
, Australia. One tree listed on the Significant Tree Register of the
National Trust The National Trust () is a heritage and nature conservation charity and membership organisation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Trust was founded in 1895 by Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Hardwicke Rawnsley to "promote the ...
. *
Eastwoodhill Arboretum Eastwoodhill is the national arboretum of New Zealand. It covers and is located 35 km northwest of Gisborne, New Zealand, Gisborne, in the hill country of Ngatapa. It was founded in 1910 by William Douglas Cook. Cook's life work would becom ...
br>
Gisborne, New Zealand, Gisborne, New Zealand. 2 trees, details not known. * Hascombe, Mount Macedon, Australia. 100 years old (2009).


Nurseries


Europe

*Arboretum Waaslan

Nieuwkerken-Waas Nieuwkerken-Waas is a village in the Belgian province East Flanders. Since 1977, it has been a subdivision (deelgemeente) of the municipality of Sint-Niklaas. History In comparison with towns bordering Sint-Niklaas such as Waasmunster, Belsel ...
, Belgium, (as ''U. glabra'' 'Pendula'). *Boomwekerijen 'De Batterijen',
Ochten Ochten is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Neder-Betuwe, and lies about 10 km southwest of Wageningen. Ochten was a separate municipality until 1818, when it was divided into two parts, Ech ...
, Netherland

(as ''Ulmus glabra'' Pendula) *Dulford Nurseries,
Cullompton Cullompton () is a town and civil parish in the district of Mid Devon and the county of Devon, England. It is north-east of Exeter and lies on the River Culm. In 2021, the parish as a whole had a population of 10,071, while the built-up area o ...
,
Devon Devon ( ; historically also known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is bordered by the Bristol Channel to the north, Somerset and Dorset to the east, the English Channel to the south, and Cornwall to the west ...
, U

(as ''Ulmus glabra'' 'Pendula') *UmbraFlo

Spello Spello (in Antiquity: Hispellum) is an ancient town and ''comune'' (township) of Italy, in the province of Perugia in eastern-central Umbria, on the lower southern flank of Monte Subasio. It is 6 km (4 mi) NNW of Foligno and 10 k ...
, Italy (as ''Ulmus montana'' 'Pendula') *Westerveld Boomkwekerij B.

Opheusden, The Netherlands (as ''Ulmus glabra'' 'Pendula').


Australasia

*Established Tree Transplanters Pty. Lt

Wandin, Victoria, Wandin,
Victoria Victoria most commonly refers to: * Queen Victoria (1819–1901), Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India * Victoria (state), a state of Australia * Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, a provincial capital * Victoria, Seychelles, the capi ...
, Australia.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ulmus Glabra 'Horizontalis' Wych elm cultivar Ulmus articles with images Ulmus