Ugljevik

Ugljevik ( sr-cyrl, Угљевик) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the municipality has a population of 15,710 inhabitants, while the town of Ugljevik has a population of 4,155 inhabitants.

The municipality is located in the countryside of the eastern foothills of Mount Majevica, where the mountains start descending towards the flatlands of Semberija, to which it is tied to more than any other surrounding area. It is the home of miners and other energy resource professionals.

Name

Ugljevik is named after coal (ugalj), which first began to be exploited on Mount Majevica in 1899.

History

At least ten archaeological locations have been found in the area. These include five locations with groupings of medieval stone sarcophagi, called '' stećci'', and three dating from the Roman period. Though research into the Neolithic sites in the municipality is lacking, nearby areas have Neolithic archaeological sites, allowing postulation that there might have been ancient sites present. The village of Tutnjevac contains the remains of a Roman villa.

The first population census of the region showed five settlements with a total of 55 houses, which date from prior to arrival of the Ottoman Turks in the 15th century. During troubled times the population would leave these parts with most of the succeeding population—the forebears of the present Majevicans—coming from Eastern and ‘Old’ Herzegovina in the 19th century.

During the past hundred years, the pace and extent of development of the Ugljevik region has been determined by coal production. With the increased need for coal, coal exploitation began in 1899, and a narrow gauge railway was built from Rača, on the Sava river, to the Ugljevik coal mine via Bijeljina in 1919. Subsequently, this railway was upgraded to a normal narrow gauge, and later was connected to one of Ugljevik’s communities, Mezgraja, in 1938. This was the last narrow gauge railway in Europe before it was closed on May 26, 1979.

The coal from Bogutovo Selo surface mine has a calorific value of 2,550 kcal/kg (10.68 MJ/kg), and it is estimated that the reserves are sufficient to satisfy the needs of four 300 megawatt coal-fired power plants.

It is thanks to these coal giants that almost all of Ugljevik’s corporations have developed.

After the Bosnian War Ugljevik became a significant peacekeeping force post. For the first time after the World War II, the Russian Army and Western Allies worked together in a military mission, as the Implementation Force (IFOR) and later the Stabilization Forces (SFOR). Headquarters of the Russian Peacekeeping Mission in Bosnia was in Ugljevik. Americans had a small base in Ugljevik, across the Janja river from the Russians. In relation to this, the IFOR info magazine “Talon” wrote in one of its articles “Cold War melted on the Balkan sun”.

File:Bogutovoselospomenje.jpg, Medieval graveyards in Ugljevik village of Bogutovo Selo
File:Jablan grad sjever.JPG, Medieval Jablan city
File:Stariugljevik.jpg, Ugljevik, miners settlement – Kolonija, in 1931
File:Russian Army Bosnia.jpg, Russian peacekeepers, a part of the Operation Joint Endeavor, 1996, in Ugljevik

Location

The municipality of Ugljevik borders Bijeljina to the east and north, Lopare to the
west, Zvornik to the south, and also Teočak in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the south. In the 1993 census the population was 16,456 residing in 4,733 households, covering . The population density was 12.44/km².

Territorial organisation

The municipality of Ugljevik has the following 21 communities:

* Korenita
* Maleševci
* Zabrđe
* Ugljevička Obrijež
* Stari Ugljevik
* Ugljevik Selo
* Gornje Zabrđe
* Ravno Polje
* Bogutovo Selo
* Gornja Krćina
* Gornja Trnova
*
* Modran
* Donje Zabrđe
* Janjari (Atmačići)
* Srednja Trnova
* Glinje
* Sarije
* Mukat
* Stankovići
* Donja Trnova
* Atmačići

Demographics

Population

Ethnic composition

Economy

The Ugljevik Power Plant is a 300 megawatt coal-fired power station with a 310 metre tall chimney in the municipality.

Notable people

* Filip Višnjić (1767-1834), poet and musician.
* Mitar Mirić (1957-), pop-folk singer.

Twin towns – sister cities

Ugljevik is twinned with:
* Beočin, Serbia

References

* Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.

External links

*

{{Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Populated places in Ugljevik
Cities and towns in Republika Srpska