Khabarovsk Krai
Khabarovsk Krai (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (a krai) of Russia. It is located in the Russian Far East and is administratively part of the Far Eastern Federal District. The administrative centre of the krai is the types of ...
, in the
Russian Far East
The Russian Far East ( rus, Дальний Восток России, p=ˈdalʲnʲɪj vɐˈstok rɐˈsʲiɪ) is a region in North Asia. It is the easternmost part of Russia and the Asia, Asian continent, and is coextensive with the Far Easte ...
. It is long, and has a
drainage basin
A drainage basin is an area of land in which all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...
of .
Geography
The Uda flows into the
Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk; Historically also known as , or as ; ) is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean. It is located between Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, Japan's island of Hokkaido on the sou ...
near the small town
Chumikan
Chumikan () is a rural locality (a '' selo'') and the administrative center of Tuguro-Chumikansky District of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located at the mouth of the Uda River. Population:
Geography and climate
Chumikan lies on the southern side ...
. It rises south of the eastern
Stanovoy Mountains
The Stanovoy Range (, ''Stanovoy khrebet''; ) is a mountain range located in the Sakha Republic and Amur Oblast, Far Eastern Federal District. It is also known as Sükebayatur and Sükhbaatar in Mongolian, or the Stanovoy Mountains or Outer K ...
and flows roughly eastwards. It borders the northern side of the
Dzhagdy Range
The Dzhagdy Range () is a range of mountains in far Russian Far East, North-eastern Russia. Administratively it belongs partly to Amur Oblast and partly to the Khabarovsk Krai of the Federal subjects of Russia, Russian Federation.
Geography
The ...
. In its lower course it flows close to the northwestern side of the
Taikan Range
The Taikan Range (; zh, 札格第嶺) is a mountain range in Khabarovsk Krai, Russian Far East. The closest inhabited place is Chumikan, Tuguro-Chumikansky District. The nearest airport is Chumikan Airport.Google Earth
There are deposits of ...
into the
Uda Bay
Uda Bay (; ''Udskaya Guba'') is a bay in Khabarovsk Krai, Russian Federation.
Geography
Uda Bay is located in the northwestern Sea of Okhotsk. It lies just west of the Shantar Islands. The Uda River flows into it. It is entered between Cape ...
of the Sea of Okhotsk near the
Shantar Islands
The Shantar Islands () are a group of fifteen islands located off the northwestern shore of the Sea of Okhotsk east of Uda Bay and north of Academy Bay. Most of the islands have rugged cliffs, but they are of moderate height; the highest point in ...
. Lake
Bokon
Lake Bokon () is a large freshwater lake in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It has an area of and a maximum depth of . There are no permanent settlements on the shores of the lake.Google Earth
According to local folklore, the lake is haunted by a beau ...
is located in the lower basin of the river.
Google Earth
Google Earth is a web mapping, web and computer program created by Google that renders a 3D computer graphics, 3D representation of Earth based primarily on satellite imagery. The program maps the Earth by superimposition, superimposing satelli ...
Tributaries
Its main tributaries are the long Shevly, the long Gerbikan and the long Galam from the right, and the long Chogar, the long Dzhana, the long
Maya
Maya may refer to:
Ethnic groups
* Maya peoples, of southern Mexico and northern Central America
** Maya civilization, the historical civilization of the Maya peoples
** Mayan languages, the languages of the Maya peoples
* Maya (East Africa), a p ...
Treaty of Nerchinsk
The Treaty of Nerchinsk of 1689 was the first treaty between the Tsardom of Russia and the Qing dynasty of China after the defeat of Russia by Qing China at the Siege of Albazin in 1686. The Russians gave up the area north of the Amur River as ...
(1689) to the
Treaty of Aigun
The Treaty of Aigun was an 1858 treaty between the Russian Empire and Yishan, official of the Qing dynasty of China. It established much of the modern border between the Russian Far East and China by ceding much of Manchuria (the ancestral h ...
(1858) its lower course was officially part of the border between Russia and China, although the border was not clearly marked and the area rarely visited. Some of
Ivan Moskvitin
Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin () (? – after 1647) was a Russian explorer, presumably a native of Moscow, who led a Russian reconnaissance party to the Sea of Okhotsk, becoming the first Russian to reach the Pacific Ocean.
Moskvitin is first attested ...
's men reached the Uda in 1640. The local
Lamuts
The Evens /əˈvɛn/ ( Even: эвэн; pl. эвэсэл, ''evesel'' in Even and эвены, ''eveny'' in Russian; formerly called ''Lamuts'') are a people in Siberia and the Russian Far East. They live in regions of the Magadan Oblast and ...
Amur
The Amur River () or Heilong River ( zh, s=黑龙江) is a perennial river in Northeast Asia, forming the natural border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China (historically the Outer Manchuria, Outer and Inner Manchuria). The Amur ...
but would not guide them inland. In 1684 some Cossacks fled from the Manchus on the Zeya, reached Udsk, and went up the Maya to Yakutsk.
Udsk Ostrog (fort) was founded in 1679, or 1659 on the left bank of the river upstream. There were suggestions to move Okhotsk south to Udsk but this was rejected because of the poor harbor and the proximity of the Chinese border. There were generally about 10 peasant families around the fort trying to produce grain and a few thin cattle, but results were poor. Sometimes seed corn had to be imported. A
pood
''Pood'' ( rus, пуд, r=pud, p=put, plural: or ) is a unit of mass equal to 40 Funt (mass), ''funt'' (, Russian pound). Since 1899 it is set to approximately 16.38 kilograms (36.11 pound (mass), pounds). It was used in Russia, Belarus, and Ukr ...
of rye flour that cost half a ruble at Irkutsk cost 8 to 10 rubles at Udsk. The population was 30 in 1690, 200 in 1800 and 164 in 1865.
Yakutsk-Udsk Track: This was an ill-defined route used to supply Udsk from Yakutsk. It was open from April to October but there was some winter travel. Its length was estimated at . It crossed the
Amga River
The Amga (; , ''Amma'') is a river in Sakha (Yakutia), Russia. The length of the river is . The area of its basin is . The Amga freezes up in the first half of October and stays under the ice until May. Many different kinds of fish can be found ...
at Amginsk, the
Aldan River
The Aldan ( Sakha and ) is the second-longest right tributary of the Lena in the Sakha Republic in eastern Siberia.
List of rivers of Russia
Russia can be divided into a European and an Asian part. The dividing line is generally considered to be the Ural Mountains. The European part is drained into the Arctic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Black Sea, and Caspian Sea. The Asian part is drained i ...