The USP, for Universal Space Platform (; ), also known as Viktoria (), is a highly flexible

satellite bus A satellite bus (or spacecraft bus) is the main body and structural component of a satellite or spacecraft, in which the payload and all scientific instruments are held. Bus-derived satellites are less customized than specially-produced satelli ...

designed and manufactured by

RSC Energia S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation "Energia" () is a Russian manufacturer of spacecraft and space station components. Its name is derived from the Russian word for energy and is also named for Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, the first chief o ...

. It is called universal because it has been designed to be operated from

LEO Leo is the Latin word for lion. It most often refers to: * Leo (constellation), a constellation of stars in the night sky * Leo (astrology), an astrological sign of the zodiac * Leo (given name), a given name in several languages, usually mas ...

GEO Geo- is a prefix derived from the Greek word ''γη'' or ''γαια'', meaning "earth", usually in the sense of "ground or land”. GEO or Geo may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''GEO'' (magazine), a popular scientific magazi ...

. It is a three axis stabilized platform with

electric propulsion Spacecraft electric propulsion (or just electric propulsion) is a type of spacecraft propulsion technique that uses electrostatic or electromagnetic fields to accelerate mass to high speed and thus generating thrust to modify the velocity of a ...

for station keeping, but chemical propellant is offered as an option. The bus can offer up to 3000 W of power and a payload capacity up to for Low Earth orbit or

HEO Heo is a family name in Korea. It is also often spelled as Huh or Hur, or less commonly as Her or Hue. In South Korea in 1985, out of a population of between roughly 40 and 45 million, there were approximately 264,000 people surnamed Heo. The na ...

an up to for geostationary orbit. The platform is designed for direct orbital injection, and thus lacks

orbit raising In celestial mechanics, an orbit (also known as orbital revolution) is the curved trajectory of an object such as the trajectory of a planet around a star, or of a natural satellite around a planet, or of an artificial satellite around an ...

propulsion. It does however, support dual launching on

Proton-M The Proton-M, (Протон-М) GRAU index 8K82M or , is an Expendable launch system, expendable Russian heavy-lift launch vehicle derived from the Soviet Union, Soviet-developed Proton (rocket family), Proton. It is built by Khrunichev State R ...

, which can enable cheap launching, or the use of smaller vehicles like the

Soyuz-2.1b Soyuz2 (; GRAU index: 14A14) is a Russian expendable medium-lift launch vehicle and the seventh major iteration of the Soyuz rocket family. Compared to its predecessors, Soyuz-2 features significant upgrades, including improved engines and ...

Fregat-M Fregat () is an upper stage developed by NPO Lavochkin for universal compatibility with a wide range of medium- and heavy-lift launch vehicles. Fregat has been used primarily with Soyuz and Zenit rockets, and entered operational service in Fe ...

or even the Dnepr for low energy orbits.

List of USP bus satellites

While not the most successful satellite bus, the USP is characterized by its commercial beginnings and the huge orbital flexibility.

External links

RSC Energia USP page

References

{{Reflist, 30em, refs= {{cite web , url=http://www.digitaltveurope.net/189962/russian-satellite-failure-leads-to-channels-move/ , title=Russian satellite failure leads to channels move , publisher=DigitalTVEurope.NET , date=June 9, 2014 , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/usp.html , title=Universal Space Platform , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-06-17 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617151847/http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/usp.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-06-17 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617151852/http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_01.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite Satellite Components , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-06-04 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604181601/http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_01.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_02.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite Bus Module , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-06-09 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609123044/http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_02.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_03.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite Payload module , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-06-09 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609123536/http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_03.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , url=http://www.gazprom-spacesystems.ru/en/infrastructure/?ELEMENT_ID=4142 , title=Yamal-202 technical performance , publisher=Gazprom Space Systems , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=BelKa 1 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/belka-1.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=AngoSat 1 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/angosat-1.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=RKK Energiya: USP (Victoria) , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sat/energiya_usp.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2015-10-16 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Tundra (EKS, 14F142) , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/tundra.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 101, 102 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-101.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 201, 203 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-201.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 202, 204 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-202.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 301 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-301.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 302 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-302.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Le satellite BelKA/Historique , trans-title=The history of the BelKa satellite , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/belka/1.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-08-20 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820000950/http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/belka/1.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/Nécessité de renouvellement , trans-title=Yamal/History/The necessity of renewal , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/1.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-08-19 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819225135/http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/1.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/La plate-forme universelle , trans-title=Yamal/History/The universal platform , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/2.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-08-19 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819195613/http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/2.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/Premier tir, premier revers , trans-title=Yamal/History/The first setbacks , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/3.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-08-19 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819213727/http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/3.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/La deuxième génération , trans-title=Yamal/History/The second generation , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/4.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-08-19 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819232041/http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/4.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/Les Yamal-300 , trans-title=Yamal/History/The Yamal-300 , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/5.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-08-19 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819232508/http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/5.html , url-status=dead {{cite web , url=http://ria.ru/space/20151006/1297681241.html , title=Спутник "Энергия-100" планируют запустить с "Восточного" в 2018 году , trans-title=Energia-100 satellite planned for a 2018 launch from Vostochny , publisher=Ria Novosti , date=October 6, 2015 , language=ru , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=BelKA , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/belka.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=December 17, 2012 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=First launch into the EKS constellation , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/eks-tundra-kosmos2510.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=December 7, 2015 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=Development of the EKS system , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/eks-origin.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=November 19, 2015 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=Proton missions in 2003 , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/proton_2003.html#yamal200 , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=March 9, 2016 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=Yamal communication satellites , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/yamal.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=April 21, 2016 {{cite web, title=Angosat 1 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?id=2688 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=19 July 2016 {{cite web, title=Yamal 101 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=25896 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=20 July 2016 {{cite web, title=Yamal 201 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=28094 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=20 July 2016 {{cite web, title=Yamal 201 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=28089 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=20 July 2016 {{cite web , url=http://seradata.com/SSI/2014/06/yamal-201-may-have-failed-in-orbit-as-customers-are-moved-to-other-satellites/ , last=Todd , first=David , title=Yamal 201 may have failed in orbit as customers are moved to other satellites , publisher=Seradata Space Intelligence , date=June 10, 2014 , access-date=2016-07-20 , archive-date=2016-09-21 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921020038/http://seradata.com/SSI/2014/06/yamal-201-may-have-failed-in-orbit-as-customers-are-moved-to-other-satellites/ , url-status=dead Satellite buses Communications satellites Satellites of Russia

List of USP bus satellites

See also

External links

References