Typhoon Trami
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Typhoon Trami (
transliterated Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one writing system, script to another that involves swapping Letter (alphabet), letters (thus ''wikt:trans-#Prefix, trans-'' + ''wikt:littera#Latin, liter-'') in predictable ways, such as ...
from Vietnamese Trà Mi), known in the
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
as Typhoon Paeng, was the second
typhoon A typhoon is a tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere and which produces sustained hurricane-force winds of at least . This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, accounting for a ...
to affect
Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
within a month. The twenty-fourth tropical storm and tenth typhoon of the annual typhoon season, Trami developed from a
low-pressure area In meteorology, a low-pressure area (LPA), low area or low is a region where the atmospheric pressure is lower than that of surrounding locations. It is the opposite of a high-pressure area. Low-pressure areas are commonly associated with incle ...
southeast of
Guam Guam ( ; ) is an island that is an Territories of the United States, organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. Guam's capital is Hagåtña, Guam, Hagåtña, and the most ...
on September 20, 2018. It intensified into a tropical storm on the next day and intensified into a typhoon on September 22. Trami steadily intensified and reached its peak intensity late on September 24. On the following day, Trami slowed and drifted northward. It began to weaken due to
upwelling Upwelling is an physical oceanography, oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water from deep water towards the ocean surface. It replaces the warmer and usually nutrient-depleted sur ...
. Trami accelerated and turned northeastward on September 29, before it struck Japan on the next day, and became extratropical on October 1. The extratropical remnants persisted for days until dissipated completely on October 8. Trami caused additional damage to Japan, while it was still recovering from the impacts of
Typhoon Jebi Typhoon Jebi, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Maymay, was the costliest typhoon in Japan's history in terms of insured losses. Jebi formed from a tropical disturbance south-southwest of Wake Island on August 26 and became the twenty-fi ...
. Transportation was disrupted with several domestic flights cancelled. Over 380,000 people were evacuated. In total, Trami killed 4 people and left hundreds injured. Insurance losses were estimated to be ¥306 billion (2018
JPY The is the official currency of Japan. It is the third-most traded currency in the foreign exchange market, after the United States dollar and the euro. It is also widely used as a third reserve currency after the US dollar and the euro. Th ...
, $2.69 billion
USD The United States dollar (symbol: $; currency code: USD) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introduced the U.S. dollar at par with the Spanish silver dollar, divided it int ...
).


Meteorological history

On September 20, the
Japan Meteorological Agency The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA; ''気象庁, Kishō-chō'') is a division of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism dedicated to the Scientific, scientific observation and research of natural phenomena. Headquartered ...
(JMA) began to track a tropical depression located to the southeast of
Guam Guam ( ; ) is an island that is an Territories of the United States, organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. Guam's capital is Hagåtña, Guam, Hagåtña, and the most ...
. Moving northwestward, the depression gained some organization, and the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
(JTWC) issued a
Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) is a bulletin released by the U.S. Navy-operated Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii or the Fleet Weather Center in Norfolk, Virginia, warning of the possibility of a tropical cyclone formi ...
(TCFA), and classified the system as a tropical depression later that day, giving the numeral designation ''28W''. The JMA started issuing advisories once the system attained winds of 55 km/h (30 mph). The JTWC upgraded 28W to a tropical storm on September 21, as it became better organized. The JMA followed suit later that day, assigning the international name ''Trami''. The system moved west-northwestward on September 22, under the influence of a
subtropical ridge The horse latitudes are the latitudes about 30 degrees north and south of the Equator. They are characterized by sunny skies, calm winds, and very little precipitation. They are also known as subtropical ridges or highs. It is a high-pressur ...
to its north. Benefited from the favourable condition such as high
sea surface temperatures Sea surface temperature (or ocean surface temperature) is the ocean temperature, temperature of ocean water close to the surface. The exact meaning of ''surface'' varies in the literature and in practice. It is usually between and below the sea ...
(SSTs) of and low
wind shear Wind shear (; also written windshear), sometimes referred to as wind gradient, is a difference in wind speed and/or direction over a relatively short distance in the atmosphere. Atmospheric wind shear is normally described as either vertical ...
, Trami gradually intensified, attaining severe tropical storm on the morning, and became the tenth typhoon of the annual typhoon season later that day. The JTWC followed suit three hours later. Continued moving west-northwestward, Trami kept on intensifying thanks to favorable environmental condition. It developed a pinhole
eye An eye is a sensory organ that allows an organism to perceive visual information. It detects light and converts it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons (neurones). It is part of an organism's visual system. In higher organisms, the ey ...
on that day and entered the
Philippine Area of Responsibility The Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) is an area in the Northwestern Pacific where PAGASA, the Philippines' national meteorological agency, monitors weather occurrences. Significant weather disturbances, specifically typhoons that enter o ...
, receiving the name "Paeng" from PAGASA. However, Trami soon entered a period of
eyewall replacement cycle In meteorology, eyewall replacement cycles, also called concentric eyewall cycles, naturally occur in intense tropical cyclones with maximum sustained winds greater than , or hurricane-force, and particularly in major hurricanes of Saffir–Simps ...
. Trami completed this cycle early on September 24 and resumed its intensification, with its eye became larger. According to JMA, the storm achieved its peak intensity at 18:00 UTC that day, with 10-minute
maximum sustained winds The maximum sustained wind associated with a tropical cyclone is a common indicator of the intensity of the storm. Within a mature tropical cyclone, it is found within the eyewall at a certain distance from the center, known as the radius of ma ...
of 195 km/h (120 mph), and a central
pressure Pressure (symbol: ''p'' or ''P'') is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled ''gage'' pressure)The preferred spelling varies by country and eve ...
of 915 hPa (mbar; 27.02 inHg). The JTWC said that Trami has become a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon three hours later, with 1-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph). Soon afterwards, Trami lost its steering current and slowed as it is situated between two subtropical high pressure, an area called the pressure field of the saddle type. The typhoon's persistence over the same location for several days resulted in tremendous
upwelling Upwelling is an physical oceanography, oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water from deep water towards the ocean surface. It replaces the warmer and usually nutrient-depleted sur ...
of cooler waters, with sea surface temperatures dropping from . The combined effect of cooler water and dry air resulted in significant weakening, and Trami dropping below super typhoon status late on September 25. However, the previously small eye of Trami expanded dramatically. On September 28, the subtropical ridge over the Pacific Ocean slightly intensified, and Trami accelerated to the northwest. Trami turned to the northeast along a
westerlies The westerlies, anti-trades, or prevailing westerlies, are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. They originate from the high-pressure areas in the horse latitudes (about ...
on September 29, and passed just west of the
Okinawa Island , officially , is the largest of the Okinawa Islands and the Ryukyu Islands, Ryukyu (''Nansei'') Islands of Japan in the Kyushu region. It is the smallest and least populated of the five Japanese archipelago, main islands of Japan. The island is ...
. The typhoon made
landfall Landfall is the event of a storm moving over land after being over water. More broadly, and in relation to human travel, it refers to 'the first land that is reached or seen at the end of a journey across the sea or through the air, or the fact ...
near
Tanabe, Wakayama Tanabe (, Latn, ja, Tanabe-shi, ) is a Cities of Japan, city located in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 70,972 in 35,076 households and a population density of 69 persons per km2. The total area of the city i ...
at 8:00 p.m. JST on September 30 (11:00 UTC), with winds of 150 km/h (90 mph). After Trami impacted
Honshu , historically known as , is the largest of the four main islands of Japan. It lies between the Pacific Ocean (east) and the Sea of Japan (west). It is the list of islands by area, seventh-largest island in the world, and the list of islands by ...
, it completely transitioned into a hurricane-force
extratropical cyclone Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth. Extratropical cyclones are capable of p ...
and impacted the Kuril Islands, before weakening into a storm-force system. From October 3 to 8, Trami's remnants made a large counterclockwise loop over the
Bering Sea The Bering Sea ( , ; rus, Бе́рингово мо́ре, r=Béringovo móre, p=ˈbʲerʲɪnɡəvə ˈmorʲe) is a marginal sea of the Northern Pacific Ocean. It forms, along with the Bering Strait, the divide between the two largest landmasse ...
, while gradually weakening, before moving back south of the
Aleutian Islands The Aleutian Islands ( ; ; , "land of the Aleuts"; possibly from the Chukchi language, Chukchi ''aliat'', or "island")—also called the Aleut Islands, Aleutic Islands, or, before Alaska Purchase, 1867, the Catherine Archipelago—are a chain ...
. Trami's extratropical remnants were last tracked in the Bering Sea on October 8, near the Aleutian Islands.


Impact


Taiwan

On September 28, the
Central Weather Bureau The Central Weather Administration (CWA; ) is the government meteorological research and forecasting institution of Taiwan (the Republic of China). In addition to meteorology, the Central Weather Administration also makes astronomical observation ...
(CWB) issued the heavy rain and extremely heavy rain alert to 7 cities and counties of Taiwan, warned that the rainfall in 24 hours will reach in those alerted area. The CWB also warned that the coastal and open areas may be affected by winds of
Beaufort scale The Beaufort scale ( ) is an empirical measure that relates wind speed to observed conditions at sea or on land. Its full name is the Beaufort wind force scale. It was devised in 1805 by Francis Beaufort a hydrographer in the Royal Navy. It ...
9–11. Although
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
avoided a direct hit from Trami, large waves still affected the northern Taiwan. Wave heights at were recorded, and 4 people were injured by the large surf.


Japan

Trami made its closest approach to
Okinawa Island , officially , is the largest of the Okinawa Islands and the Ryukyu Islands, Ryukyu (''Nansei'') Islands of Japan in the Kyushu region. It is the smallest and least populated of the five Japanese archipelago, main islands of Japan. The island is ...
in the afternoon of September 29, passing just west of the
Naha Airport is an international airport located west of the city hallAIS Japan
in Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It is Japan's ...
. Wind gusts reached in
Naha, Okinawa is the Cities of Japan, capital city of Okinawa Prefecture, the southernmost prefecture of Japan. As of 1 June 2019, the city has an estimated population of 317,405 and a population density of 7,939 people per km2 (20,562 persons per sq. mi.). ...
. 50 people were injured, and about 600 people were evacuated to the shelters. 30 cities and towns in
Okinawa most commonly refers to: * Okinawa Prefecture, Japan's southernmost prefecture * Okinawa Island, the largest island of Okinawa Prefecture * Okinawa Islands, an island group including Okinawa itself * Okinawa (city), the second largest city in th ...
were suffering power outage. Almost 200 flights to the prefecture were cancelled. A
guanyin Guanyin () is a common Chinese name of the bodhisattva associated with Karuṇā, compassion known as Avalokiteśvara (). Guanyin is short for Guanshiyin, which means " he One WhoPerceives the Sounds of the World". Originally regarded as m ...
statue in Ryukyu Golden Palace collapsed, estimated loss of about ¥100 million (US$880,000). Trami brought strong winds and waves to
Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
. The typhoon broke the historical records of 10-minute maximum sustained winds at 30 weather stations and the maximum gust at 55 weather stations in Japan, mostly on September 30. In mainland Japan, the maximum gust from Trami were recorded at Hachioji, Tokyo, of , which broke the record set in 2011. Trami also produced
storm surge A storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge, or storm tide is a coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones. It is measured as the rise in water level above the ...
of at Cape Irōzaki. More than 1,000 flights in Japan were cancelled, including 45 from Hong Kong. At least 4 deaths and more than 200 injuries were reported across the country. Insurance loss were estimated to be ¥306.1 billion (US$2.69 billion).


See also

* Weather of 2018 *
Tropical cyclones in 2018 During 2018, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 151 tropical cyclones had formed this year to date. 102 t ...
*
Typhoon Melor (2009) Typhoon Melor, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Quedan, was a powerful typhoon that hit Japan in early October 2009, causing significant damage. As part of the 2009 Pacific typhoon season The 2009 Pacific typhoon season was a belo ...
* Typhoon Roke (2011) *
Typhoon Man-yi (2013) Typhoon Man-yi was a very severe storm that brought very strong winds and flash floods to Japan during mid-September. The third typhoon of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season, Man-yi was identified on September 10. It became a storm on September ...
* Typhoon Phanfone (2014) *
Typhoon Noru (2017) Typhoon Noru was the second-longest-lasting tropical cyclone of the Northwest Pacific Ocean on record—behind only 1986's Wayne and tied with 1972's Rita—and the second-most-intense tropical cyclone of the basin in 2017, tied with Talim an ...
*
Typhoon Jebi (2018) Typhoon Jebi, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Maymay, was the costliest typhoon in Japan's history in terms of insured losses. Jebi formed from a tropical disturbance south-southwest of Wake Island on August 26 and became the twenty-fi ...


References


External links


JMA General Information
of Typhoon Trami (1824) from Digital Typhoon
JMA Best Track Data
of Typhoon Trami (1802)
28W.TRAMI
from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory {{DEFAULTSORT:Trami (2018) 2018 Pacific typhoon season September 2018 in Asia Typhoons in Taiwan Typhoons in Japan Trami