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The Tykocin Synagogue is an historic former
Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...
synagogue A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as wed ...
building, located in Tykocin,
Podlaskie Voivodeship Podlaskie Voivodeship ( ) is a Voivodeships of Poland, voivodeship in northeastern Poland. The name of the voivodeship refers to the historical region of Podlachia (in Polish, ''Podlasie''), and significant part of its territory corresponds to th ...
,
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
. The synagogue was completed in 1643, in the
Mannerist Mannerism is a style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520, spreading by about 1530 and lasting until about the end of the 16th century in Italy, when the Baroque style largely replaced it ...
-early
Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...
style. Disused as a synagogue during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, the building was used for profane purposes, restored during the 1970s, and repurposed as a
Jewish museum A Jewish museum is a museum which focuses upon Jews and may refer seek to explore and share the Jewish experience in a given area. Notable Jewish museums include: Albania * Solomon Museum, Berat Australia * Jewish Museum of Australia, Melbourn ...
.


History

During the
Nazi Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During H ...
occupation of Poland in 1941, the synagogue was desecrated and then set up as a warehouse. After the end of the war, it remained in use as a warehouse for fertilizers. In 1965, a fire damaged the interiors. The synagogue was thoroughly restored in the late 1970s. The historic wall paintings, most of which are decorative texts of Hebrew prayers, were restored. The elaborate, decorative ceiling was not reconstructed although some idea of the style can be gleaned from the design of the
Torah Ark A Torah ark (also known as the ''hekhal'', , or ''aron qodesh'', ) is an ornamental chamber in the synagogue that houses the Torah scrolls. History The ark is also known as the ''ark of law'', or in Hebrew the ''Aron Kodesh'' () or ''aron ha-Kod ...
. A former Beit Medrash (study and prayer hall) located across the street has been restored and is in use as a city museum. Although no Jews now live in Tykocin, 40,000 tourists a year come to see the old synagogue, which remains "in lonely and unexpected splendor". The tourism has generated economic activity, including a cafe serving "Jewish-style" food and a bed-and-breakfast.


Gallery

Tykocin Great Synagogue 02.jpg 2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 09.jpg 2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 12.jpg, Bimah 2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 34.jpg Tykocin July 2013 074.JPG, Ceiling 2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 43.jpg 2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 57.jpg,
Tallit A tallit, taleth, or tallis is a fringed garment worn as a prayer shawl by religious Jews. The tallit has special twined and knotted fringe (trim), fringes known as ''tzitzit'' attached to its four corners. The cloth part is known as the ''beged ...
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 54.jpg, Tallit and Hanukiah 2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 01.jpg,
Torah ark A Torah ark (also known as the ''hekhal'', , or ''aron qodesh'', ) is an ornamental chamber in the synagogue that houses the Torah scrolls. History The ark is also known as the ''ark of law'', or in Hebrew the ''Aron Kodesh'' () or ''aron ha-Kod ...
2013 Interior of the Great Synagogue in Tykocin - 02.jpg, Torah ark closeup Tykocin Great Synagogue 14.jpg Tykocin Great Synagogue 19.jpg Tykocin synagogue fc02.jpg


See also

*
History of the Jews in Poland The history of the Jews in Poland dates back at least 1,000 years. For centuries, Poland was home to the largest and most significant Jews, Jewish community in the world. Poland was a principal center of Jewish culture, because of the long pe ...
* List of mannerist structures in Northern Poland


References


External links


Tykocin Synagogue photos

Great Synagogue of Tykocin in the Bezalel Narkiss Index of Jewish Art
{{Authority control 1642 establishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 17th-century synagogues in Poland Ashkenazi Jewish culture in Poland Ashkenazi synagogues Baroque synagogues in Poland Białystok County Religious buildings and structures in Podlaskie Voivodeship Former synagogues in Poland Jewish museums in Poland Jewish Polish history Mannerist architecture in Poland Museums in Podlaskie Voivodeship Synagogues completed in 1642 Synagogues preserved as museums 20th-century attacks on Jewish institutions