The Two Kettles or Two Boilings are one of the seven subtribes of the
Lakota people
The Lakota (; or ) are a Native Americans in the United States, Native American people. Also known as the Teton Sioux (from ), they are one of the three prominent subcultures of the Sioux people, with the Eastern Dakota (Santee) and Western D ...
who, along with the
Dakota, make up the
Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (Seven Council Fires). They reside on the
Cheyenne River Indian Reservation
The Cheyenne River Indian Reservation was created by the United States in 1889 by breaking up the Great Sioux Reservation, following the attrition of the Lakota people, Lakota in a series of wars in the 1870s. The reservation covers almost ...
.
Together with the
Itazipcho (''Itázipčho'' - 'Without Bows') and
Miniconjou
The Miniconjou (Lakota: Mnikowoju, Hokwoju – ‘Plants by the Water’) are a Native American people constituting a subdivision of the Lakota people
The Lakota (; or ) are a Native Americans in the United States, Native American people. ...
(''Mnikȟáŋwožu'' or ''Hoȟwožu'' - 'Plants by the Water') they are referred to as ''Central Lakota'' and divided into several ''bands'' or ''tiyošpaye''.
Historic Oóhenuŋpa thiyóšpaye or bands
* Wanúŋwaktenula (''Wah-nee-wack-ata-o-ne-lar'', aka ''Waniwacteonila'' - 'Killed Accidentally')
* Šúŋka Yúte šni ('Eat No Dogs')
* Mnišála ('Red Water', a splinter group from the
Itázipčho tiyošpaye, also called Mnišála- 'Red Water')
* Oíglapta ('Take All That Is Left')
The ''Oóhenuŋpa'' or ''Two Kettles'' were first part of the Mnikȟáŋwožu thiyóšpaye called ''Wáŋ Nawéǧa'' ('Arrow broken with the feet'), split off about 1840 and became a separate ''oyáte'' or ''tribe''.
According to ethnologist
James Owen Dorsey, the Oóhenuŋpa were divided into two groups:
# Oohe noⁿpa (''Oóhenuŋpa'' proper)
# Ma waqota (''Há waȟóta'' - 'Skin streaked grayish')
[Cf. DeMallie, Raymond J., "Sioux until 1850"; in Raymond J. DeMallie (ed.), ''Handbook of North American Indians: Plains'' (Vol. 13, Part 2, p. 718–760), William C. Sturtevant (Gen. Ed.), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 2001, p. 749, .]
History
Before 1843 explorers give no reference to this subdivision. The band appeared to number 800 people. At the usual average of seven people per lodge, that would make about 115 lodges (tepees when unoccupied), equating to 230 warriors at the norm of two per lodge. They were varyingly claimed to live among other herds of buffalo, or to live separate from other bands by the
Cheyenne River
The Cheyenne River (; "Good River"), also written ''Chyone'', referring to the Cheyenne people who once lived there, is a tributary of the Missouri River in the U.S. states of Wyoming and South Dakota. It is approximately 295 miles (475 ...
and the
Missouri River
The Missouri River is a river in the Central United States, Central and Mountain states, Mountain West regions of the United States. The nation's longest, it rises in the eastern Centennial Mountains of the Bitterroot Range of the Rocky Moun ...
. They respected white traders and visitors and hunted skillfully. Early on they rarely engaged in warfare but later did so. Later still they signed a treaty agreeing not to attack others except in self-defense.
Notable Two Kettle Lakota people
* ''Miwátani Háŋska'' (Tall or Long Mandan), Two Kettles chief
* ''Waŋblí Ayútepiwiŋ'' (
Eagle Woman) (1820–1888), Two Kettle and Hunkpapa diplomat, trader, and peace activist
References
External links
Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe
Great Sioux War of 1876
Central Lakota
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