Turneraceae

Kunth Carl Sigismund Kunth (18 June 1788 – 22 March 1850) was a German botanist. He was also known as Karl Sigismund Kunth or anglicized as Charles Sigismund Kunth. He was one of the early systematic botanists who focused on studying the plants of th ...

ex DC. () was a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s consisting of 120

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

in 10

genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...

. The

Cronquist system The Cronquist system is a list of systems of plant taxonomy, taxonomic classification system of angiosperms, flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including ''The Evolution and Classification of ...

placed the Turneracids in the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood ...

Violales, but it is not currently recognized as a family by the

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms) that reflects new knowledge about plant relationships disc ...

in the

APG III system The APG III system of flowering plant classification is the third version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). Published in 2009, it was superseded in 2016 by a f ...

of 2009, which includes the taxa in the Turneraceae in Passifloraceae as a subfamily (Turneroideae).

Description

Most species in Turneraceae are tropical or sub- tropical shrubs, with a few trees. Half of the family's species belong to the genus ''Turnera'', including the

herb Herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances. Culinary use typically distingu ...

damiana (''T. diffusa, T. aphrodisiaca''), the yellow alder (''T. pumilea''), which is not really an

alder Alders are trees of the genus ''Alnus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The genus includes about 35 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, a few reaching a large size, distributed throughout the north temperate zone with a few species ex ...

, and the "ramgoat dashalong" (''T. ulmifolia''). Another type of plant in Turneraceae with a vernacular name is stripeseed, which is actually three different species of the genus ''Piriqueta'' - the pitted stripeseed (''P. cistoides''), the rigid stripeseed (''P. racemosa''), and the purple stripeseed (''P. viscosa'').

Genera

The genera typically included in this family are: *'' Adenoa'' *'' Erblichia'' *'' Hyalocalyx'' *'' Loewia'' *'' Mathurina'' *'' Piriqueta'' *'' Stapfiella'' *'' Streptopetalum'' *'' Tricliceras'' (''Wormskioldia'') *'' Turnera''

References

External links

Entry on Turneraceae
from L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The Families of Flowering Plants. Malpighiales families Historically recognized angiosperm families {{Malpighiales-stub