''Turbo'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of large sea snails with

gills A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

and an operculum, marine gastropod molluscs in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Turbinidae Turbinidae, the turban snails, are a family of small to large marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Trochoidea.Bouchet, P. (2014). Turbinidae Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespec ...

, the

turban snail Turbinidae, the turban snails, are a family of small to large marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Trochoidea.Bouchet, P. (2014). Turbinidae Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecie ...

s.Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G. (2012). Turbo Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=151576 on 2012-09-27 ''Turbo'' is the

type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nomina ...

of the family.

Description

The shells of species in this genus are more or less highly conspiral, thick, about 20–200 mm, first

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane flo ...

s bicarinate, last whorl large often with strong spiral sculpture, knobs or spines, base convex, with or without umbilicus. Species in this genus have a round

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An ...

and a solid, dome-shaped

calcareous Calcareous () is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines. In zoology ''Calcareous'' is used as an a ...

operculum. This circular operculum commences as a multispiral disc, like that of a ''

Trochus ''Trochus'' is a genus of medium-sized to large, top-shaped sea snails with an operculum and a pearly inside to their shells, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Trochinae of the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S ...

'', upon the outer side of which is deposited a thin calcareous layer by a lobe of the foot which projects partly over it. This arrangement produces an operculum which exhibits all the whorls beneath, but which is only feebly, or not obviously spiral above, from the more or less general distribution of the calcareous matter. The

radula The radula (, ; plural radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by molluscs for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food ...

is broad and generally rather short. The median, lateral and marginal teeth are always present, and the formula is invariably ∞.5.1.5.∞. The central teeth contain no cusps. The median tooth consists of a narrow oblong quadrate basal plate, frequently with accessory plates of various forms, to the lower end of which is attached the oval body of the tooth,—a simple plate without cusp, bearing supporting wings at the sides. Frequently the central teeth are asymmetrical in this group. The laterals bear supporting wings at their outer angles, and are various in form, with or without cusps. The inner marginals are very large, with large cusps. The first ''Turbo'' species were found in the Upper

Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of ...

, approximately 100 million years ago.

Taxonomy

According to Alf et al.Alf A., Kreipl K. & Poppe G. T. (2003) The Family Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo. In: Poppe G. T. & Groh K. (eds.): A Conchological Iconography: 68 pp., 95 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, . the genus ''Turbo'' is divided in 16 Recent subgenera. The number of presently known living species in ''Turbo'' is 66, plus five subspecies.

Species

Species in the genus ''Turbo'' include: * '' Turbo acutangulus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (taxon inquirendum) * '' Turbo albofasciatus'' Bozzetti, 1994 * '' Turbo angelvaldesi'' Ortea & Espinosa, 1996 * '' Turbo argyrostomus'' Linnaeus, 1758 - Silver-mouth Turban * '' Turbo artensis'' Montrouzier, 1860 * '' Turbo bozzettiana'' Bozzetti, 2011 * '' Turbo bruneus'' (Röding, 1798) - Brown Dwarf Turban * ''

Turbo cailletii ''Turbo cailletii'', common name the filose turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Distribution This species occurs in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea and the Less ...

'' P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1856 - Filose turban * '' Turbo canaliculatus'' Hermann, 1781 - channeled turban * ''

Turbo castanea In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to pr ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 - Chestnut turban * † ''

Turbo chevalieri In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 * '' Turbo chrysostomus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''

Turbo cidaris ''Turbo cidaris'', common name the crown turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Sarmaticus)'' ;Subspecies: * ''Turbo cidaris cidaris'' Gmel ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 - Crown turban * '' Turbo cornutus'' Lightfoot, 1786 - horned turban * ''

Turbo crassus ''Turbo crassus'', common name the crass turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.WoRMS (2012). ''Turbo crassus'' W. Wood, 1828. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spe ...

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''

Turbo debesi ''Turbo debesi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises ...

'' Kreipl & Alf, 2000 * † ''

Turbo embergeri In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 * ''

Turbo euthymi In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Jousseaume, 1881 * '' Turbo excellens'' G. W. Sowerby III, 1914 * ''

Turbo exquisitus ''Turbo exquisitus'', common name the exquisite turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 12 mm and 24 mm. The shell is small, imperfor ...

'' Angas, 1877 - Equisite turban * † ''

Turbo fakaauensis ''Turbo fakaauensis'' is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This cl ...

'' Tröndlé & Letourneux, 2012 * † ''

Turbo faurei In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 * † ''

Turbo fittoni In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Basterot, 1825 * ''

Turbo fluctuosus ''Turbo fluctuosus'', common name the wavy turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 25 mm and 86 mm. The short, solid, imperforate she ...

'' W. Wood, 1828 - Wavy turban * ''

Turbo funiculosus ''Turbo funiculosus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Turbo funiculosus'' Kiener, 1848. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www ...

'' Kiener, 1848 * ''

Turbo gemmatus ''Turbo gemmatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.WoRMS (2012). ''Turbo gemmatus'' Reeve, 1848. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecie ...

'' Reeve, 1848 * † ''

Turbo grangensis In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Pritchard, 1909 * † ''

Turbo granulosus In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' (Grateloup, 1827) * ''

Turbo gruneri ''Turbo gruneri'', common name the Gruner's turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 18 mm and 45 mm. The orbicular, imperforate shell ...

'' Philippi, 1846 - Gruner's turban * ''

Turbo haraldi ''Turbo haraldi'' is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises ...

'' Robertson, 1957 * ''

Turbo haynesi ''Turbo haynesi'', common name Hayne's turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Description The shell grows to a length of 27 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off Western Austr ...

'' (Preston, 1914) - Hayne's turban * ''

Turbo heisei ''Turbo heisei'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises ...

'' Prado, 1999 * ''

Turbo heterocheilus ''Turbo heterocheilus'' is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Taxonomic status: Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Marmarostoma)'' Description (Original description by G.W. Tryon) T ...

'' Pilsbry, 1888 * ''

Turbo histrio ''Turbo histrio'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises ...

'' Reeve, 1848 * † ''

Turbo histrioides In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Kase, Tomida, Inoue & Kadota, 2020 * ''

Turbo hosodai In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Tomida & Kadota, 2014 * ''

Turbo imperialis ''Turbo imperialis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. ''T. imperialis'' is fished commercially for its pearly shell, and is often confused with ''T. marmoratus''; both spec ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 * '' Turbo intercostalis'' Menke, 1846 - Ribbed turban * † '' Turbo ishidai'' Tomida, Sano & Kase, 2021 * † ''

Turbo izuensis In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Kase, Tomida, Inoue & Kadota, 2020 * ''

Turbo japonicus ''Turbo japonicus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Turbinidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Turbo japonicus'' Reeve, 1848. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphi ...

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''

Turbo jonathani ''Turbo jonathani'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compri ...

'' Dekker, Moolenbeck & Dance, 1992 * '' Turbo jourdani'' Kiener, 1839 - Jourdan's turban * ''

Turbo kenwilliamsi ''Turbo kenwilliamsi'', common name the beautiful turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca cal ...

'' Williams, 2008 - Beautiful turban * '' Turbo laetus'' Philippi, 1849 * '' Turbo lajonkairii'' (Deshayes, 1839) * ''

Turbo laminiferus ''Turbo laminiferus'', common name the crinkly turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Marmarostoma)'' Description The length of the shell v ...

'' Reeve, 1848 - crinkly turban * † ''

Turbo lesperonensis In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 * ''

Turbo lorenzi ''Turbo lorenzi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Turbo lorenzi'' Alf & Kreipl, 2015. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www. ...

'' Alf & Kreipl, 2015 * † '' Turbo maderensis'' Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 * ''

Turbo magnificus ''Turbo magnificus'', common name the magnificent turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca cal ...

'' Jonas, 1844 - Magifecent turban * ''

Turbo marisrubri ''Turbo marisrubri'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compr ...

'' Kreipl & Alf, 2001 * ''

Turbo markusrufi ''Turbo (Marmarostoma) markusrufi'' is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Turbinidae. Description The shell grows to a length of 35 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs at subtidal dep ...

'' Kreipl & Alf, 2003 * ''

Turbo marmoratus ''Turbo marmoratus'', known as the green turban, the marbled turban or great green turban, is a large species of marine gastropod with a thick calcareous operculum in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.WoRMS (2012). ''Turbo marmoratus' ...

'' Linnaeus, 1758 - Green turban * † ''

Turbo matsuzakiensis In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Tomida & Kadota, 2012 * ''

Turbo mazatlanicus ''Turbo mazatlanicus'' is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compr ...

'' Pilsbry & H. N. Lowe, 1932 * † ''

Turbo mekamiensis In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Nishiwada, 1894 * ''

Turbo militaris ''Turbo militaris'', common name the military turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. This species is also often confused with '' Turbo imperialis''.The Natural History Museum websitaccessed 9 A ...

'' Reeve, 1848 - Military turban * † ''

Turbo minoensis In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Itoigawa, 1960 * ''

Turbo moluccensis ''Turbo moluccensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.WoRMS (2012). ''Turbo moluccensis'' Philippi, 1846. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...

'' Philippi, 1846 * ''

Turbo moolenbeeki ''Turbo moolenbeeki'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compr ...

'' Dekkers & Dekker, 2016 * † ''

Turbo moorei ''Turbo moorei'' is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class c ...

'' Hayward, 1981 * † ''

Turbo multicarinatus In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to pro ...

'' Grateloup, 1832 * † ''

Turbo neuvillei In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Cossmann & Peyrot, 1917 * † ''

Turbo oryctus ''Turbo oryctus'' is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class ...

'' (Suter, 1917) * † '' Turbo ozawai'' Otsuka, 1938 † * †''

Turbo parvuloides In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Nomura, 1940 * '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''

Turbo radiatus ''Turbo radiatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Some authors place the name in the subgenus'' Turbo (Marmarostoma)''. Description The size of the shell varies between 35&nbs ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''

Turbo reevei ''Turbo reevii'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Turbinidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Turbo reevii'' Philippi, 1847. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia ...

'' Philippi, 1847 - Reeve's turban * ''

Turbo sandwicensis ''Turbo sandwicensis'', common name the Hawaiian top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Turbo sandwicensis'' (Pease, 1861). Accessed through: World Regi ...

'' (Pease, 1861) - Hawaiian top shell * † ''

Turbo sanoi In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Tomida & Kadota, 2012 * ''

Turbo sarmaticus ''Turbo sarmaticus'', common names South African turban, giant turban, ollycrock, or alikreukel, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Some authors place this species in the subgenus ''Sarmaticus''. Des ...

'' Linnaeus, 1758 - South African turban, giant periwinkle, alikreukel * ''

Turbo saxosus ''Turbo saxosus'', common name the stony turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. * Taxonomic status: Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Callopoma)'' . Description The length o ...

'' W. Wood, 1828 - Stony turban * '' Turbo sazae'' Fukuda, 2017 Hiroshi Fukuda (2017), Nomenclature of the horned turbans previously known as ''Turbo cornutus'' (Lightfoot), 1786 and ''Turbo chinensis'' Ozawa & Tomida, 1995 (Vetigastropoda: Trochoidea: Turbinidae) from China, Japan and Korea; Molluscan Research Vol. 0 , Iss. 0,0
/ref> * ''

Turbo scitulus ''Turbo scitulus'', common name the Galapagos turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called ...

'' (Dall, 1919) - Galapagos turban * ''

Turbo setosus ''Turbo setosus'', common name the rough turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. * Taxonomic status: Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Marmarostoma)'' Description The length of ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 - Rough turban * ''

Turbo smithi ''Turbo smithi'', common name the miniature turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Turbo smithi'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1886. Accessed through: World Register ...

'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1886 - Miniature turban * ''

Turbo sparverius Turbo sparverius, common name the corded turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. The Australian Faunal Directory considers this species as a synonym of ''Turbo setosus'' Gmelin, 1791 Descripti ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 - Corded Turban * ''

Turbo squamiger ''Turbo squamiger'' is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. * Taxonomic status: Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Marmarostoma)'' Description The length of the shell varies between 2 ...

'' Reeve, 1843 * ''

Turbo stenogyrus ''Turbo stenogyrus'', common name the miniature turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. * Taxonomic status: Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Marmarostoma)'' Description The ...

'' P. Fischer, 1873 - Miniature turban * † ''

Turbo subsetosus In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' d'Orbigny, 1852 * † ''

Turbo tenisoni In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Finlay, 1927 * ''

Turbo ticaonicus ''Turbo ticaonicus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Description The shell attains a height between 50 mm and 60 mm. The perforate, solid shell has an ovate-conic ...

'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of '' Turbo bruneus'' (Röding, 1798) * ''

Turbo tuberculosus ''Turbo tuberculosus'' is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae the turban snails. Some authors place this species in the subgenus ''Turbo (Marmarostoma)''. Description The length of the s ...

'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1834 * ''

Turbo tursicus ''Turbo tursicus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Description The shell grows to a length of 20 mm. The imperforated shell is somewhat pyramidally ovate. The sutures o ...

'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''

Turbo walteri ''Turbo walteri'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Description The length of the shell varies between 35 mm and 55 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off ...

'' Kreipl & Dekker, 2009 * † ''

Turbo yoshiharuyabei In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Tomida & Kadota, 2012

Synonyms

The following species were brought into synonymy: * ''Turbo aculeatus'' Allan, 1818: synonym of '' Epitonium muricatum'' ( Risso, 1826) * ''Turbo acutus'' Donovan, 1804: synonym of ''

Turbonilla acuta ''Turbonilla acuta'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compri ...

'' (Donovan, 1804) * ''Turbo aegyptius'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of

Rubritrochus declivis ''Rubritrochus declivis'', the sloping gibbula, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The shell grows to a length of 24 mm. The umbilicate, conical shell is solid. It ...

(Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) * ''Turbo aereus'' Adams J., 1797: synonym of ''

Rissoa parva ''Rissoa parva'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family (biology), family Rissoidae. Taxonomy The status of R. interrupta in relation to R. parva is still a point of discussion ...

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo aethiops'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Diloma aethiops ''Diloma aethiops'', whose common names include scorched monodont, spotted black topshell, and in the Māori language pūpū, pūpū-mai, or māihi is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, subfamily Mo ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo agonistes'' Dall & Ochsner, 1928: synonym of ''

'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Turbo albidus'' Kanmacher, 1798: synonym of ''

Graphis albida Graphis may refer to: * ''Graphis'' (lichen), a genus in the family Graphidaceae * ''Graphis'' (gastropod), a genus of sea snails in the family Cimidae *Graphis Inc. ''Graphis, Inc.'' is an international publisher of books and awards for the ...

'' (Kanmacher, 1798) * ''Turbo albocinctus'' Link, 1807: synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo albulus'' Fabricius O., 1780: synonym of '' Menestho albula'' (Fabricius, 1780) * ''Turbo albus'' Adams J., 1797: synonym of

(da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo amabilis'' Ozaki, 1954: synonym of ''

Bolma guttata ''Bolma guttata'', common name the sandpaper bolma, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Gofas, S. (2012). ''Bolma guttata'' (A. Adams, 1863). Accessed through: World Register of ...

'' (A. Adams, 1863) * ''Turbo amussitatus'' Gould, 1861: synonym of ''

Homalopoma amussitatum ''Homalopoma amussitatum'' is a species of small sea snail with calcareous opercula, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Homalopoma amussitatum'' (Gould, 1861). Accessed through: World Register of Marine S ...

'' (Gould, 1861) * ''Turbo anguis'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella undulata'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Turbo angulatus'' Eichwald, 1829: synonym of '' Gibbula adriatica'' (Philippi, 1844) * ''Turbo anomala'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

Turbo cidaris cidaris In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo archimedis'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of ''

Turritella terebra ''Turritella terebra'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae. Description The shell of ''Turritella terebra'', has a long tower-like shape which resembles a drill, hence its name. The shell is narro ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo argentata'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo argenteus'' Anton, 1839: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo armatus'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of ''

Bolma rugosa ''Bolma rugosa'' is a species of large sea snail with a calcareous operculum, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Gofas, S. (2014). Bolma rugosa (Linnaeus, 1767). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spe ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Turbo arsinoensis'' Issel, 1869: synonym of '' Collonista arsinoensis'' (Issel, 1869) * ''Turbo aruginosa'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo ascaris'' Turton, 1819: synonym of ''

Aclis ascaris ''Aclis'' is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Eulimidae. Species * ''Aclis acuta'' (Jeffreys, 1884) * ''Aclis angulata'' E. A. Smith, 1890 * '' Aclis ascaris'' (Turton, 1819) * '' Aclis attenuans'' Jeffre ...

'' (Turton, 1819) * ''Turbo assimilis'' Kiener, 1847: synonym of ''

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''Turbo asteriola'' Dall, 1925: synonym of ''

Bolma bartschi ''Bolma bartschii'' , common name Bartsch's star bolma, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Gofas, S. (2012). ''Bolma bartschii'' Dall, 1913. Accessed through: World Register of ...

'' Dall, 1913 * ''Turbo aurantius'' Kiener, 1847: synonym of ''

'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1886 * ''Turbo auriscalpium'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Rissoa auriscalpium ''Rissoa auriscalpium'', common name the golden-capped risso, is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an opercu ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo ayersi'' Olsson, 1967: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo bicarinatus'' Woodward, 1833: synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo bicarinatus'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1825: synonym of ''

Trichotropis bicarinata ''Trichotropis bicarinata'' is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Capulidae The Capulidae, the cap snails or cap shells, are a taxonomic family of limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the ...

'' (Sowerby I, 1825) * ''Turbo boswellae'' Barnard, 1969: synonym of ''

Cantrainea boswellae ''Cantrainea'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Colloniidae. Species Species within the genus ''Cantrainea'' include: * ''Cantrainea alfi'' S.-I Huang, I-F. Fu & Poppe, 2016 * '' Cantrainea boswellae'' (Barnar ...

'' (Barnard, 1969) * ''Turbo breviculus'' Philippi, 1847: synonym of '' Littorina brevicula'' (Philippi, 1844) * ''Turbo briareus'' Dall, 1881: synonym of ''

Arene briareus ''Arene briareus'' is a species of sea snail, and is a known member of the group turban snails. It is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Areneidae and order Trochida Trochida is an order of small to very large vetigastropod, Recent a ...

'' (Dall, 1881) * ''Turbo brunneus'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Turbo bruneus'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Turbo bryereus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Schwartziella bryerea ''Schwartziella bryerea'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Zebinidae. Distribution This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Lesser Antilles and in the Atlant ...

'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo caerulescens'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Melarhaphe neritoides'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo calathiscus'' Montagu, 1808: synonym of ''

Alvania cimex ''Alvania cimex'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the supe ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo calcar'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Astralium calcar ''Astralium calcar'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Description The height of the shell is 28 mm, its diameter 40 mm. The conoid shell is more or less depressed ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo canaliculatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo canalis'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Lacuna vincta ''Lacuna vincta'', commonly known as the northern lacuna, the wide lacuna, the northern chink shell, or the banded chink shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles. It is ...

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo cancellatus'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of ''

Alvania cancellata ''Alvania cancellata'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in ...

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo carduus'' P. Fischer, 1873: synonym of T''urbo argyrostomus argyrostomus f. carduus'' P. Fischer, 1873 accepted as ''Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (original rank) * ''Turbo carinatus'' Woodward, 1833: synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo carinatus'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of ''

Alvania carinata ''Alvania carinata'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the s ...

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo carinatus'' Cantraine, 1835: synonym of '' Cantrainea peloritana'' (Cantraine, 1835) * ''Turbo cernicus'' G. B. Sowerby III, 1896: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo carneus'' Lowe, 1825: synonym of ''

Margarites groenlandicus ''Margarites groenlandicus'', common name the Greenland margarite or wavy top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. There are two subspecies : * ''Margarites groenlandicus groenlandicus'' (Gmel ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo chemnitzianus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo chinensis'' Ozawa & Tomida, 1995: synonym of '' Turbo cornutus'' ightfoot 1786 * ''Turbo cimex'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo cinereus'' Born, 1778: synonym of '' Lunella cinerea'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo cinereus'' Couthouy, 1838: synonym of '' Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841) * ''Turbo cingillus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Cingula trifasciata ''Cingula trifasciata'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks i ...

'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Turbo cingulata'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo circularis'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

'' Philippi, 1846 * ''Turbo classicarius'' J.E. Gray, 1850: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo clathratulus'' J. Adams, 1798: synonym of ''

Epitonium clathratulum ''Epitonium'' is a genus of small predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. ''Epitonium'' is the type genus of the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Epitonium Röding, 1798. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. ...

'' (Kanmacher, 1798) * ''Turbo clathratulus'' Kanmacher, 1798: synonym of ''

'' (Kanmacher, 1798) * ''Turbo clathrus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Epitonium clathrus ''Epitonium clathrus'', also known as the common wentletrap, is a species of small predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps.WoRMS (2010). "''Epitonium clathrum'' (Linnaeus, 1758)". In: Bouche ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo coccineus'' Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1816: synonym of ''

Homalopoma sanguineum ''Homalopoma sanguineum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae. Description The shell is very small, its length measuring 3.5 – 4 mm and it is 6.5 mm wide. The small, very solid, shell has ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo cochlus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo confragosus'' Gould, 1851: synonym of ''

Astralium confragosum ''Astralium confragosum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Astralium confragosum'' (Gould, 1851). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at h ...

'' (Gould, 1851) * ''Turbo conoideus'' Brocchi, 1814: synonym of ''

Megastomia conoidea ''Megastomia conoidea'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies. Description The shell size varies between 2.5 mm and 7 mm. The white shell is solid, polished ...

'' (Brocchi, 1814) * ''Turbo coreensis'' Recluz, 1853: synonym of ''

Turbo granulatus ''Lunella granulata'', common name the granulated moon turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 20 mm and 40 mm. Th ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo coronatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella coronata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo costatus'' Adams J., 1797: synonym of ''

Manzonia crassa ''Manzonia crassa'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Rissoidae. References

Rissoidae Gastropods described in 1798 {{Rissoidae-stub ...

'' (Kanmacher, 1798) * ''Turbo crassior'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Lacuna crassior ''Lacuna crassior'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles. Distribution ''Lacuna crassior'' is a circumboreal and subarctic species that has Britain as its ...

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo crassus'' Kanmacher, 1798: synonym of ''

Manzonia crassa ''Manzonia crassa'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Rissoidae. References

Rissoidae Gastropods described in 1798 {{Rissoidae-stub ...

'' (Kanmacher, 1798) * ''Turbo cremensis'' Andrzeiewsky, 1832: synonym of '' Gibbula adriatica'' (Philippi, 1844) * ''Turbo crenatus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Opalia crenata'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo creniferus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella coronata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo crenulatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo davidis'' Röding, 1798 : synonym of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo declivis'' Forskål, 1775: synonym of ''

'' (Forskål, 1775) * ''Turbo decussatus'' Montagu, 1803 : synonym of ''

Parthenina decussata ''Parthenina decussata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class co ...

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo delphinus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Angaria delphinus ''Angaria delphinus'', common name the common delphinula, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc of the family Angariidae.

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo depressum'' Carpenter, 1856: synonym of ''

'' Kiener, 1848 * ''Turbo diminutus'' Link, 1807 : synonym of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo dinegrata'' Rôding, 1798: synonym of '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo discors'' Allan, 1818 : synonym of ''

Alvania discors ''Alvania discors'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the su ...

'' (Allan, 1818) * ''Turbo discrepans'' Allan, 1818 : synonym of ''

'' (Allan, 1818) * ''Turbo distortus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Angaria delphinus ''Angaria delphinus'', common name the common delphinula, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc of the family Angariidae.

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo divisus'' Adams J., 1797 : synonym of '' Ondina divisa'' (J. Adams, 1797) * ''Turbo duplicatus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Turritella duplicata ''Turritella duplicata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae. Description Distribution This marine species occurs in the Gulf of Bengal off Tharangambadi Tharangambadi (), formerly Tranqueba ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo echinatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Turbo chrysostomus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo elegantissimus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Turbonilla lactea ''Turbonilla lactea'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compr ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo elevatus'' Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852: synonym of ''

Prisogaster elevatus ''Prisogaster elevatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Prisogaster elevatus'' (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spe ...

'' (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852) * ''Turbo elongatus'' Woodward, 1833: synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo euthymi'' Jousseaume, 1881: synonym of '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo exoletus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Turritella exoleta'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo expansus'' Brown in J. Smith, 1839: synonym of '' Littorina fabalis'' (Turton, 1825) * ''Turbo fabalis'' Turton, 1825: synonym of '' Littorina fabalis'' (Turton, 1825) * ''Turbo fasciata'' Renieri MS, Brocchi, 1814: synonym of '' Eulima glabra'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo fasciatus'' Renieri, 1804: synonym of '' Eulima glabra'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo ferrugineus'' Anton, 1839: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo filifer'' Deshayes, 1863: synonym of '' Leptothyra filifer'' (Deshayes, 1863) * ''Turbo filosus'' W. Wood, 1828: synonym of ''

'' P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1856 * ''Turbo flammeus'' Salis Marschlins, 1793: synonym of ''Tricolia pullus pullus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo fluctuatus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''Turbo fokkesi'' Jonas, 1843: synonym of ''

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''Turbo foliaceus'' Rousseau, 1854: synonym of ''

Turbo lamniferus ''Turbo laminiferus'', common name the crinkly turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. Some authors place the name in the subgenus ''Turbo (Marmarostoma)'' Description The length of the shell v ...

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo folicaeus'' Philippi, 1847: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo fortispiralis'' Kreipl & Alf, 2003: synonym of ''

'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1886 * ''Turbo grandineus'' Valenciennes, 1846 : synonym of ''

Calliostoma punctulatum ''Maurea punctulata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Calliostomatidae within the superfamily Trochoidea, the top snails, turban snails and their allies.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Maurea punctulata'' (Martyn, 178 ...

'' (Martyn, 1784) * ''Turbo granoliratus'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1908: synonym of ''

'' Philippi, 1846 * ''Turbo granosus'' (Martyn, 1784): synonym of ''

Modelia granosa ''Modelia granosa'', common name the southern cat's eye, is a medium to large species of sea snail which has a shell with a pearly interior and a calcareous operculum. It is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Turbinidae, the turban snai ...

'' (Martyn, 1784) * ''Turbo granulata'' (Röding, 1798): synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo granulatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella granulata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo granulosus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo graphicus'' Brown, 1818 : synonym of ''

'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Turbo groenlandicus'' Röding, 1798 : synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo helicinus'' Phipps, 1774: synonym of ''

Margarites helicinus ''Margarites helicinus'', common name the helicina margarite or spiral margarite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. ''Margarites helicinus'' has been established by Phipps in 1774 and not by Fabri ...

'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Turbo helicoides'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Separatista helicoides'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo hemprichii'' Troschel, 1849: synonym of '' Lunella coronata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo henicus'' Watson, 1885: synonym of ''

Bolma henica ''Bolma henica'', common name the deep sea star shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Gofas, S. (2012). ''Bolma henica'' (Watson, 1885). Accessed through: World Register of Mar ...

'' (Watson, 1885) * ''Turbo heteroclitus'' Kiener, 1847: synonym of ''

Turbo torquatus In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo hippocastanum'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo humerosa'' Smith, 1901: synonym of '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo imbricatus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Turritella imbricata ''Turritella'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Turritellidae.Vos, C.; Gofas, S. (2013). Turritella Lamarck, 1799. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo incarnatus'' Couthouy, 1838: synonym of ''

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo indistinctus'' Montagu, 1808: synonym of ''

Parthenina indistincta ''Parthenina indistincta'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Parthenina indistincta'' (Montagu, 1808). Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' ( Montagu, 1808) * ''Turbo indutus'' Watson, 1879: synonym of ''

Homalopoma indutum ''Homalopoma indutum'', common name the two-faced dwarf turban, is a species of small sea snail with calcareous opercula, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Homalopoma indutum'' (Watson, 1879). Accessed ...

'' (Watson, 1879) * ''Turbo insculptus'' Montagu, 1808: synonym of '' Ondina divisa'' (J. Adams, 1797) * ''Turbo interruptus'' Adams J., 1800: synonym of ''

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo interstinctus'' J. Adams, 1797: synonym of '' Chrysallida interstincta'' (J. Adams, 1797) * ''Turbo irroratus'' Say, 1822: synonym of '' Littoraria irrorata'' (Say, 1822) * ''Turbo japonicus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of '' Turbo cornutus'' Lightfoot, 1786 * ''Turbo jugosus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo jungi'' Lai, 2006: synonym of '' Lunella jungi'' (Lai, 2006) * ''Turbo labiatus'' Brown, 1827: synonym of '' Littorina arcana'' Hannaford-Ellis, 1978 * ''Turbo lacteus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo lacteus'' Donovan, 1804: synonym of ''

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo laetus'' Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863: synonym of ''

Collonia granulosa ''Collonia granulosa'' is a species of small sea snail with calcareous opercula, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae.WoRMS (2012). ''Collonia granulosa''. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marine ...

'' Pease, 1868 * ''Turbo laevis'' Pennant, 1777: synonym of '' Melanella alba'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo lamellosus'' Philippi, 1846: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo lamellosus'' Broderip, 1831: synonym of '' Lunella torquata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo lapidifera'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo lehmanni'' Menke, 1843: synonym of ''

Notogibbula lehmanni ''Notogibbula lehmanni'', common name the many-coloured top shell, is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top shells.Marshall, B. (2014). Notogibbula lehmanni (Menke, 1843). Accessed through: W ...

'' (Menke, 1843) * ''Turbo litoreus'' ic synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo littoreus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo lucullanus'' Scacchi, 1833: synonym of Fossarus ambiguus (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo ludus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella undulata'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Turbo lugubris'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of '' Lunella cinerea'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo lugubris'' Kiener, 1847: synonym of '' Lunella ogasawarana'' Nakano, Takashashi & Ozawa, 2007 * ''Turbo macandrewii'' Mörch, 1868: synonym of '' Anadema macandrewii'' (Mörch, 1868) * ''Turbo mammillatus'' Donovan, E., 1804: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo maoa'' Curtiss, 1938: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo martinii'' W. Wood, 1828: synonym of '' Amaea martinii'' (W. Wood, 1828) * ''Turbo membranaceus'' Adams J., 1800: synonym of ''

Rissoa membranacea ''Rissoa membranacea'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in ...

'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Turbo menkei'' Thiele, 1930: synonym of ''

'' (Preston, 1914) * ''Turbo mespilus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo minimus'' W. Wood, 1828: synonym of ''

Echinolittorina mespillum ''Echinolittorina mespillum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This c ...

'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Turbo minutus'' Michaud, 1828: synonym of ''

Clathrella clathrata Clathrella may refer to: * ''Clathrella'' (protist), a genus of protists in the family Clathrellidae * ''Clathrella'', a genus of gastropods in the family Amathinidae, synonym of ''Carinorbis ''Carinorbis'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to ...

'' (Philippi, 1844) * ''Turbo mitzschii'' Anton, 1838: synonym of ''

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''Turbo modestus'' Philippi, 1847: synonym of '' Lunella coronata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo moltkianus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo moniliformis'' (Röding, 1798): synonym of '' Lunella moniliformis'' Röding, 1798 * ''Turbo monilis'' Turton, 1819: synonym of ''

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo muricatus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Cenchritis muricatus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo muricatus'' Nowell-Usticke, 1959: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo murreus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

Isanda murrea ''Isanda murrea'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2014). Isanda murrea (Reeve, 1848). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/ap ...

'' (Reeve, 1848) * ''Turbo naninus'' Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864: synonym of '' Leptothyra nanina'' (Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864) * ''Turbo natalensis'' Krauss, 1848: synonym of ''

Turbo cidaris natalensis In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' (Krauss, 1848) * ''Turbo nautileus'' Linnaeus, 1767: synonym of ''

Gyraulus crista ''Gyraulus crista'', commonly called the Nautilus ramshorn, is a minute species of freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. Subspecies Subspecies include: * ''Gyraulus crista ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo nebulosus'' Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775: synonym of ''

Monodonta nebulosa ''Monodonta nebulosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The shell size varies between 15 mm and 22 mm, the body volume is 1.46 cm^3, and the wet body mass is 2.55 gr ...

'' (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) * ''Turbo necnivosus'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of ''

'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1886 * ''Turbo neritiformis'' Brown, 1827: synonym of ''

Littorina obtusata ''Littorina obtusata'', common name the flat periwinkle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles. Distribution This marine species occurs wherever brown seaweeds grow. It is ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo neritoides'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Melarhaphe neritoides'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo nicobaricus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Chrysostoma paradoxum ''Chrysostoma paradoxum'', common name the orange-mouthed top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Chrysostoma paradoxum'' (Born, 1778). Accessed through: ...

'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo niger'' W. Wood, 1828: synonym of ''

Prisogaster niger ''Prisogaster niger'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Description "The size of the shell varies between 10 mm and 35 mm. The very solid, imperforate shell has an ovate shape ...

'' (W. Wood, 1828) * ''Turbo nigerrimus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Diloma nigerrima'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo nitidissimus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Ebala nitidissima ''Ebala'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Ebalinae, family Murchisonellidae.Gofas, S. (2009). ''Ebala'' Gray, 1847. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through ...

'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo nitzschii'' Anton, 1839: synonym of ''

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''Turbo nivosa'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1834 * ''Turbo nivosus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Chrysallida nivosa ''Jordaniella nivosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comp ...

'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo obligatus'' Say, 1822: synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo obscura'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo obscurus'' Couthouy, 1838: synonym of ''

Solariella obscura ''Solariella obscura'', common name the obscure solarelle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Solariellidae. Distribution This marine species occurs circum-Arctic, in the Northern Pacific Ocean and in the Northe ...

'' (Couthouy, 1838) * ''Turbo obsoletus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Turritella exoleta'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo obtusatus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo olearius'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo olivaceus'' Brown, 1827: synonym of ''

Margarites olivaceus ''Margarites olivaceus'', common name the eastern olive margarite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. ;Subspecies: * ''Margarites olivaceus marginatus'' Dall, 1919 * ''Margarites olivaceus olivaceu ...

'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Turbo ovalis'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of '' Acteon tornatilis'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo palliatus'' Say, 1822: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo pallidus'' Donovan, 1804: synonym of ''

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo pallidus'' Perry, G., 1811: synonym of '' Turbo argyrostomus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo papyraceus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Pseudostomatella papyracea ''Pseudostomatella papyracea'', common name the papery stomatella, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Pseudostomatella papyracea'' (Gmelin, 1791). Accessed throu ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo parvulus'' Philippi, 1849: synonym of ''

'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1886 * ''Turbo parvus'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of ''

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo peloritanus'' Cantraine, 1835: synonym of '' Cantrainea peloritana'' (Cantraine, 1835) * ''Turbo perdix'' Wood, 1828: synonym of '' Phasianella ventricosa'' Swainson, 1822 * ''Turbo permundus'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo pethiolatus'' Swainson, 1840: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo phasianellus'' Deshayes, 1863: synonym of '' Calliotrochus marmoreus'' (Pease, 1861) * ''Turbo picta'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Lunella cinerea'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo pictus'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of ''Tricolia pullus picta'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo pileolum'' Reeve, 1842: synonym of ''

Astralium pileolum ''Astralium pileolum'', common name the cap trochis shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 28 mm and 65 mm. The sh ...

'' (Reeve, 1842) * ''Turbo planorbis'' Fabricius O., 1780: synonym of ''

Skeneopsis planorbis ''Skeneopsis planorbis'' is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Skeneopsidae. The species is found in Eastern Northern America, Northern Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the At ...

'' (O. Fabricius, 1780) * ''Turbo plicatus'' Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824: synonym of ''

Manzonia crassa ''Manzonia crassa'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Rissoidae. References

Rissoidae Gastropods described in 1798 {{Rissoidae-stub ...

'' (Kanmacher, 1798) * ''Turbo plicatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Odostomia plicata'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo politus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Melanella polita ''Melanella polita'' is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. It was formerly assigned to the genus ''Eulima ''Eulima'' is a genus of small, ectoparasitic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo ponsonbyi'' Sowerby III, 1897: synonym of ''

Bothropoma ponsonbyi ''Bothropoma ponsonbyi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae Colloniidae is a family of small sea snails with calcareous opercula, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Vetigastropoda.Mollusca ...

'' (Sowerby, 1897) * ''Turbo porcatus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of '' Lunella cinerea'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo porphyrites'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella cinerea'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo porphyrites'' ic, ''porphyria'' synonym of '' Turbo petholatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo princeps'' Philippi, 1846: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo psittacinus'' Philippi, 1846: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo pulcher'' (Rehder, 1943): synonym of ''

'' Robertson, 1957 * ''Turbo pulcher'' Reeve, 1842: synonym of ''

'' Williams, 2008 * ''Turbo pulcherrimus'' Noodt, 1819: synonym of ''Calliostoma (Maurea) punctulatum'' (Martyn, 1784) represented as ''

'' (Martyn, 1784) * ''Turbo pullus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Tricolia pullus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo pumiceus'' Brocchi, 1814: synonym of ''

Cirsotrema cochlea ''Cirsostrema'' is a genus of very small deepwater sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Epitoniidae, commonly known as the '' wentletraps''.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Cirsotrema Mörch, 1852. Accessed through: World Register of ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby II, 1844) * ''Turbo punctatus'' Kanmacher, 1798: synonym of Marshallora adversa (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo punctatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Echinolittorina punctata ''Echinolittorina punctata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo punctura'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Alvania punctura ''Alvania punctura'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the s ...

'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo purpureus'' Risso, 1826: synonym of '' Clanculus cruciatus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo pustulata'' Reeve, 1843: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1843 * ''Turbo pustulatus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1843 * ''Turbo puteolus'' Turton, 1819: synonym of ''

Lacuna parva ''Lacuna parva'', common name the tiny lacuna, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae The Littorinidae are a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of over 200 species of sea snails, m ...

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo pyropus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

Yaronia pyropus ''Yaronia'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Denticallosiinae of the family Colloniidae, the turban snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Yaronia''. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www ...

'' (Reeve, 1848) * ''Turbo quadricarinatus'' Brocchi, 1814: synonym of ''

Mathilda quadricarinata Matilda or Mathilda may refer to: Animals * Matilda (chicken) (1990–2006), World's Oldest Living Chicken record holder * Matilda (horse) (1824–1846), British Thoroughbred racehorse * Matilda, a dog of the professional wrestling tag-team Th ...

'' (Brocchi, 1814) * ''Turbo quadrifasciatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo radiatus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of '' Turbo intercostalis'' Menke, 1846 * ''Turbo radina'' Webster, 1905: synonym of ''

Turbo smaragdus ''Lunella smaragda'', common name the cat's eye snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Turbinidae, the turban snails. There has been little published on this species. Description This speci ...

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo replicatus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo reticulatus'' J. Adams, 1797: synonym of ''

Alvania beanii ''Alvania beanii'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae. Description Distribution This species is distributed in European waters, from the North Coast of Norway and the North E ...

'' (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844) * ''Turbo reticulatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

'' (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844) * ''Turbo reticulatus'' Donovan, 1804: synonym of '' Marshallora adversa'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo retusus'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo rissoanus'' Delle Chiaje, 1828: synonym of ''

Rissoa variabilis ''Rissoa variabilis'', common name the variable risso, is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, m ...

'' (Von Mühlfeldt, 1824) * ''Turbo ruber'' J. Adams, 1797: synonym of '' Barleeia unifasciata'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo rubicundus'' Chemnitz: synonym of ''

Turbo granosus ''Modelia granosa'', common name the southern cat's eye, is a medium to large species of sea snail which has a shell with a pearly interior and a calcareous operculum. It is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Turbinidae, the turban snai ...

'' (Martyn, 1784) * ''Turbo rudis'' Maton, 1797: synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo rudissimus'' Johnston, 1842: synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo rugosus'' Linnaeus, 1767: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Turbo rugosus'' Brown, 1818: synonym of

Tornus subcarinatus Tornus may refer to: * Tornus (insect anatomy) This glossary of entomology describes terms used in the formal study of insect species by entomologists. A–C A synthetic chlorinated hydroca ...

(Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo sangarensis'' Schrenck, 1861: synonym of ''

Homalopoma sangarense ''Homalopoma sangarense'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Colloniidae. Description The height of the shell varies between 7 mm and 10 mm. The median teeth of the radula are oval, wide, with a nar ...

'' (Schrenck, 1861) * ''Turbo sanguineus'' de Folin, 1868: synonym of ''

Collonista purpurata ''Collonista'' is a genus of sea snails in the family Colloniidae. Species , the World Register of Marine Species accepts 20 species within the genus ''Collonista'': * '' Collonista amakusaensis'' * '' Collonista arsinoensis'' * '' Collonista ...

'' (Deshayes, 1863) * ''Turbo sanguineus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo saxatilis'' Olivi, 1792: synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo scabrosus'' Preston, 1914: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo scalaris'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Epitonium scalare'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo semicostatus'' Pease, 1861: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo semicostatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Onoba semicostata'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo semilugubris'' Deshayes, 1863: synonym of ''

Vaceuchelus semilugubris ''Vaceuchelus semilugubris'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chilodontidae.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Vaceuchelus semilugubris'' (Deshayes, 1863). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www. ...

'' (Deshayes, 1863) * ''Turbo semistriatus'' Montagu, 1808: synonym of ''

Crisilla semistriata ''Crisilla semistriata'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks i ...

'' (Montagu, 1808) * ''Turbo separatista'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of '' Separatista helicoides'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo seruiensis'' Smits & Moolenbeek, 1995: synonym of ''

'' Philippi, 1846 * ''Turbo shandi'' Hutton, 1873: synonym of ''

'' (Martyn, 1784) * ''Turbo shepeianus'' J. Adams, 1798: synonym of '' Onoba semicostata'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo shepeianus'' Kanmacher, 1798: synonym of '' Onoba semicostata'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo siamea'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Turbo cornutus'' Lightfoot, 1786 * ''Turbo siculus'' Brugnone, 1850: synonym of ''

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo smaragdus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Lunella smaragdus ''Lunella smaragda'', common name the cat's eye snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. There has been little published on this species. Description This species has a green ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo somnueki'' Patamakanthin, 2001: synonym of ''

'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''Turbo speciosus'' Mühlfeld, 1824: synonym of ''

Tricolia speciosa ''Tricolia speciosa'', common name the Mediterranean pheasant, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Phasianellidae. Description The height of the shell varies between 7 mm and 13 mm. The thin, shining sh ...

'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Turbo speciosus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

Turbo argyrostomus perspeciosus In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to p ...

'' (Iredale, 1929) * ''Turbo spenglerianus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Turbo canaliculatus'' Hermann, 1781 * ''Turbo spinosus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo spiralis'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Chrysallida pellucida ''Spiralinella spiralis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.Gofas, S. (2015). Spiralinella spiralis (Montagu, 1803). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...

'' (Dillwyn, 1817) * ''Turbo splendidulus'' G.B. Sowerby III, 1886: synonym of '' Turbo laetus'' Philippi, 1849 * ''Turbo squamosa'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Turbo bruneus'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Turbo squamosus'' J.E. Gray, 1847: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo stamineus'' Martyn, 1784: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo stellaris'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Astralium stellare'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo striatulus'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of ''

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo striatulus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo striatulus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of '' Turbonilla striatula'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo striatus'' J. Adams, 1797: synonym of '' Onoba semicostata'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo subcastaneus'' Pilsbry, 1888: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1843 * ''Turbo subluteus'' Adams J., 1797: synonym of ''

'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo subtruncatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Truncatella subcylindrica'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Turbo subulatus'' Donovan, 1804: synonym of '' Eulima glabra'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Turbo subumbilicatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Peringia ulvae ''Peringia ulvae'' (or ''Hydrobia ulvae''), common name the Laver spire shell or mudsnail, is a European species of very small aquatic snail with gills and an operculum, a gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae.Gofas, S. (2010). ''Hyd ...

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Turbo sulcatus'' Woodward, 1833: synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo sulcatus'' Leach, 1852: synonym of '' Littorina compressa'' Jeffreys, 1865 * ''Turbo taeniatus'' G.B. Sowerby I, 1825: synonym of ''

Photinastoma taeniatum ''Photinastoma taeniatum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Photinastoma taeniatum'' (Sowerby I, 1825). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http:/ ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825) * ''Turbo tautiranus'' Curtiss, 1938: synonym of '' Littoraria coccinea'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo taylorianus'' E.A. Smith, 1880: synonym of ''

Bolma tayloriana ''Bolma tayloriana'', common name Taylor's star shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.Rosenberg, G.; Gofas, S. (2012). ''Bolma tayloriana'' (E. A. Smith, 1880). Accessed through: ...

'' (E. A. Smith, 1880) * ''Turbo tenebrosus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo terebellum'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of '' Niso terebellum'' (Dillwyn, 1817) * ''Turbo terebra'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo tessellatus'' Kiener, 1848: synonym of ''

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''Turbo torcularis'' Born, 1778: synonym of '' Turritella exoleta'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo torquatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella torquata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo tricarinulatus'' Euthyme, 1885: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo tricolor'' Risso, 1826: synonym of '' Melarhaphe neritoides'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo tricostatus'' Hutton, 1884: synonym of ''

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo trifasciatus'' J. Adams, 1800: synonym of ''

Cingula cingillus ''Cingula trifasciata'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in ...

'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo trochiformis'' Born, 1778: synonym of '' Trochita trochiformis'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo trochoides'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of '' Lunella coronata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo truncatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Truncatella subcylindrica'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Turbo tuberculata'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1843 * ''Turbo tuberculatus'' W. Wood, 1828: synonym of '' Tectarius antonii'' (Philippi, 1846) * ''Turbo tuberculatus'' Kiener, 1847: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo tumidulus'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo turbinopsis'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo turriformis'' Preston, 1914: synonym of ''

'' Reeve, 1848 * ''Turbo turtonis'' Turton, 1819: synonym of ''

Epitonium turtonis ''Epitonium'' is a genus of small predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. ''Epitonium'' is the type genus of the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Epitonium Röding, 1798. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. ...

'' (Turton, 1819) * ''Turbo ulvae'' Pennant, 1777: synonym of ''

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Turbo undulata'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Turbo undulatus'' Lightfoot, 1786: synonym of '' Lunella undulata'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Turbo ungulinus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Turritella ungulina ''Turritella ungulina'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae Turritellidae, common name the "tower shells" or "tower snails", is a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, mari ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo unicus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

'' (Kanmacher, 1798) * ''Turbo unidentatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Odostomia unidentata ''Odostomia unidentata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.Gofas, S. (2011). ''Odostomia unidentata'' ( Montagu, 1803). Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo unifasciatus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Barleeia unifasciata'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo ustulatus'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo variegatus'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Turritella variegata ''Turritella variegata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae Turritellidae, common name the "tower shells" or "tower snails", is a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo venezuelensis'' Weisbord, 1962: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo ventricosus'' Woodward, 1833: synonym of '' Littorina littorea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Turbo ventrosus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Ecrobia ventrosa'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo venustus'' Philippi, 1845: synonym of ''

'' W. Wood, 1828 * ''Turbo verconis'' Iredale, 1937: synonym of '' Turbo jourdani'' Kiener, 1839 * ''Turbo vericulum'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo vermicularis'' Brocchi, 1814: synonym of '' Turritella vermicularis'' (Brocchi, 1814) * ''Turbo versicolor'' Nowell-Usticke, 1959: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo versicolor'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Lunella cinerea'' (Born, 1778) * ''Turbo vestitus'' Say, 1822: synonym of '' Littorina saxatilis'' (Olivi, 1792) * ''Turbo vieuxi'' Payraudeau, 1826: synonym of ''

'' (Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Turbo vinctus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo virens'' Anton, 1839: synonym of ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Turbo viridana'' Röding, 1798: synonym of '' Lunella coronata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Turbo viridicallus'' (Jousseaume, 1898): synonym of '' Lunella viridicallus'' (Jousseaume, 1898) * ''Turbo vitreus'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Hyala vitrea'' ( Montagu, 1803) * ''Turbo vittatus'' Donovan, 1804: synonym of ''

'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Turbo zebra'' Wood, 1828: synonym of ''

Echinolittorina peruviana ''Echinolittorina peruviana'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinit ...

'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Turbo zebra'' Donovan, 1825: synonym of ''

Littoraria zebra ''Littoraria zebra'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compr ...

'' (Donovan, 1825) * ''Turbo zetlandicus'' Montagu, 1815: synonym of ''

Alvinia zetlandica ''Alvania zetlandica'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in ...

'' Montagu, 1815 Turbo necnivosus 003

The following species are nomina nuda (names not published with an adequate description): * ''Turbo curvatus'' Chiereghini MS, Brusina, 1870 (nomen nudum): accepted as ''

Eulima philippii ''Eulima philippii'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus ''Eulima ''Eulima'' is a genus of small, ectoparasitic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusk ...

'' Weinkauff, 1868 The following species are alternate representation: * ''Turbo setosus'' Gmelin, 1843 represented as ''

'' Gmelin, 1791 (alternate representation) The following species are nomina dubia (names of unknown or doubtful application): * ''Turbo articulatus'' Reeve, 1848 (nomen dubium) * ''Turbo concinnus'' Philippi, 1846 (nomen dubium) * ''Turbo crellenus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (nomen dubium) * ''Turbo disjunctus'' Anton, 1838 (nomen dubium) * ''Turbo elegans'' Philippi, 1846 (nomen dubium) * ''Turbo margaritaceus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (nomen dubium) * ''Turbo pustulatus'' Brocchi, 1821 (nomen dubium) * ''Turbo variabilis'' Reeve, 1842 (nomen dubium) Temporary names: * † ''Turbo geniculatus'' Brocchi, 1814 The following species are

species inquirenda In biological classification, a ''species inquirenda'' is a species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation. The use of the term in English-language biological literature dates back to at least the early nineteenth century. The term ...

(names with uncertain or disputed validity): * ''

Turbo regenfusii ''Turbo regenfusii'', common name the great green turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. This is a species inquirenda and is also considered a synonym of ''Turbo (Lunatica) ...

'' Deshayes, 1843 - great green turban

Human uses

When the Caribbean hermit crab, '' Coenobita clypeatus'', or "purple pincher" as it is known in the pet trade is kept as a house pet, ''Turbo'' shells are a favorite choice of shells for the crab. '' Turbo cornutus'', common name the "horned turban", is an expensive food item in Korea, and Japan, where they are known as . The attractively colored operculum of at least two different ''Turbo'' species has been used for various decorative purposes, including in jewelry and

buttons A button is a fastener that joins two pieces of fabric together by slipping through a loop or by sliding through a buttonhole. In modern clothing and fashion design, buttons are commonly made of plastic but also may be made of metal, wood ...

. These opercula are sometimes known as "cat's eyes".

References

Notes Sources * Alf A., Kreipl K. & Poppe G. T. (2003) T''he Family Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo''. In: Poppe G. T. & Groh K. (eds.): A Conchological Iconography: 68 pp., 95 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, . * Williams, S.T. (2007). ''Origins and diversification of Indo-West Pacific marine fauna: evolutionary history and biogeography of turban shells (Gastropoda, Turbinidae)''. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 92, 573–592. * Williams S. (2008) T''he calcareous operculum as a character for defining subgenera in the marine gastropod genus Turbo''. Vita Malacologica 7: 1-13.

6 December 2008 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Turbo (gastropod)