The cuneiform sign for tur is used to denote one syllabic usage, ''tur'', or the sign's Sumerograms; it is used in the Epic of Gilgamesh and the 14th century BC

Amarna letters The Amarna letters (; sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA, for "El Amarna") are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between t ...

. The sign is based on the i (cuneiform) sign, with the one small added vertical stroke. Besides ''tur'', it is for Sumerograms ( logograms) BÀN, DUMU, and TUR. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, it is used in the following numbers: ''tur''-(11 times), ''BÀN''-(3), ''DUMU''-(25), ''TUR''-(2). The large usage of ''DUMU'' in the Epic is for the Sumerogram being the equivalent of "son", Akkadian language "māru".

Amarna letter usage

In the Amarna letters, the topic of Amarna letter EA 296, ''Under the Yoke,'' is the guarding of two cities, at the city gate; also the man authoring the letter,

Yabitiri Yabitiri was a mayor/ruler of an unknown city/city-state in southern Canaan, during the 1350 BC, 1350–1335 BC Amarna letters Text corpus, correspondence. The city he represented is in proximity to the two cities mentioned in his only Amarna lette ...

-(Yahtiru)-(governor?) of City? gives his history of going to Egypt to be trained with the Pharaoh, EA 296, line 25 (

tablet Tablet may refer to: Medicine * Tablet (pharmacy), a mixture of pharmacological substances pressed into a small cake or bar, colloquially called a "pill" Computing * Tablet computer, a mobile computer that is primarily operated by touching the s ...

reverse): ''"... (25) "i-nu- ma TUR a-na-ku", (26) he (Yanhamu) took me to (Egypt) Misri (27)...'', ''(25) "Now when "YOUNG"-(I, myself), (26) he (i.e. Yanhamu) took me to Egypt, (27) ..."''

Common text usage

The most common text usage is unlike the digital version. It is composed of 5-horizontals: one (single) above two pairs of two, and all sitting on a large single horizontal stroke, approximated as follows: ....
.....
.....
It is found in various Amarna letters as part of ''"Messenger-Xxxxx"'', for example "

LÚ The cuneiform sign LÚ () is the sign used for "man"; its complement is the symbol for woman: '' šal'' (). Cuneiform ''LÚ'', (or ''lú'' as rendered in some texts) is found as a Sumerogram in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''. It also has a commo ...

. PA.TUR-Uv-wx-yz"

References

Moran, William L. William Lambert Moran (August 11, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American Assyriologist. He was born in Chicago, United States. In 1939, Moran joined the Jesuit order. He then attended Loyola University in Chicago, where he received his ...

1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ) * Parpola, 1971. ''The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh'', Parpola, Simo,

Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project is an international scholarly project aimed at collecting and publishing ancient Assyrian texts and studies based on them. Its headquarters are in Helsinki in Finland. State Archives of Assyria State Archives ...

, c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages. ---- File:B252ellst.png, Alphabetic cuneiform i, I (cuneiform); (there is only a, e, i, u (four vowels); also ( ú, commonly ( u, 1st prime)), or ù-(for "and")). Cuneiform signs {{Semitic-lang-stub